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1.
  • Ahmadi, Fereshteh, 1958-, et al. (författare)
  • Perceptions of death among children in Sweden
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: International Journal of Children's Spirituality. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1364-436X .- 1469-8455. ; 24:4, s. 415-433
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The article discusses children?s thoughts about death. Research was carried out in two elementary schools in Sweden among 40 children between 6 and 9 years of age, data were collected through text reading, movie viewing and dialogues with children. The main results reveal child-specific thoughts about the end of life, i.e., ideas children construe on their own. The findings also show society- and time-specific thoughts that children take from their societal and cultural context. The article proposes an integrative approach between these two: it is only when the categories of child-specific and society- and time-specific thoughts are combined that we get a fair picture of children?s perceptions of death. The main finding is that children form ideas of their own; they are not completely under the influence of their societal and cultural context. Children take over ideas from their surrounding society but they also express ideas produced by themselves.
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2.
  • Allelin, Majsa, et al. (författare)
  • Välfärdsmodellens omvandling det privata kapitalets utvidgning i den offentliga sektorn
  • 2018
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Den universella välfärdsmodell, som tillämpats i Sverige sedan andra världskriget, vägleddes av ambitionen att hålla marknadsintressen utanför välfärden för att undvika ojämlik tillgång och kvalitet samt för att stärka den demokratiska styrningen av välfärdssektorn. Sverige präglades därmed av en välutvecklad offentlig sektor med god tillgång till offentlig service.Den här rapporten kan dock genom omfattande statistiska studier visa hur den svenska välfärdsmodellen sedan 80-talet och framåt har genomgått genomgripande förändringar. Resultaten är bland annat:• Antalet privata aktörer i välfärdssektorn ökar som en följd av politiskt skapade välfärdsmarknader.• Gemensamma skattemedlen finansierar i högre grad privata välfärdstjänster, som i allt större utsträckning utförs av stora koncernägda aktiebolag, liksom dessa företags vinster.• Omfattande privatiseringar av gemensamt ägande har genomförts.• Andelen offentligt anställda har minskat med 10 procentenheter och antalet statsanställda har halverats, medan antalet sysselsatta i privat välfärdsverksamhet fyrdubblats.• En högre andel skatter går i allt större utsträckning till att finansiera välfärdsverksamhet som bedrivs av det privata näringslivet.• Offentlig sektors totala andel av samhällsekonomin har minskat från 60 procent till 50 procent av BNP.Dessa resultat tyder sammanfattningsvis på att den svenska välfärdsmodellen har genomgått kritiska förändringar vars följder inneburit att en omfattande omfördelning av makt, resurser och inflytande har skett från den demokratiskt styrda gemensamma sektorn – till den marknadsstyrda privata sektorn. Den svenska universella välfärdsmodellen som en gång hyllades har ersatts av en allt mer marknadsliberal modell. Bland konsekvenserna finns försämrad jämlikhet i tillgången till exempelvis skola, vård och omsorg, mindre ekonomisk omfördelningspolitik och mindre demokratisk styrning. Samtidigt går en allt växande andel av medborgarnas skattepengar till de privata välfärdsföretagens vinster.
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3.
  • Berggren Newton, Benny (författare)
  • Business Basics : A Grounded Theory for Managing Ethical Behavior in Sales Organizations
  • 2021
  • Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Background: Managing co-workers’ ethical behavior in sales organizations is a complex social process. To start, sales organizations incorporate several actors to manage, often simultaneously, all with their own agendas. Ethics as a topic is convoluted because it encompasses context-based scenarios which may not have clear-cut right and wrong answers. The management process is an ongoing task managers deal with on daily basis, where mismanagement can lead to severe consequences. The majority of existing research on this area tends to focus on single factors in the management process, not the whole process. While there are some research studies that presents models or integrated frameworks describing the management process, they are few in number.Aim: The aim of this study is to derive empirical concepts and thereby try to develop a theory to facilitate an understanding of the process of managing co-workers’ ethical behavior, where the purpose is to ultimately build an integrated framework. More specifically, this study aims to describe the involved actors’ main concerns and the process by which these are continuously resolved.Methodology: In order to achieve the aim, a method with an inductive approach was necessary. The orthodox Grounded Theory methodology was chosen as research approach since it can generate conceptualizations in an integrated framework which help explain the occurring social processes. Working from this approach means that the researcher develops a new theory that is grounded in empirical data, where the researcher inductively describes the social process. The empirical data was mainly derived from interviews with actors within the field. The data was collected, coded and conceptualized in an overlapping procedure until an empirically derived theory emerged After the emergence of the theory, the empirical data was validated with existing academic literature.Findings: The core category in this study is Business Basics and concerns the desire to continuously conduct business where the management of ethical behavior is a fundamental basis to achieve this. Five distinct categories, all related to the core category were revealed: Bureaucratization, Relationship Investing, Educationing, Monetary Managing and Intuiting. These categories are expressed in social and dynamic processes. They represent different activities, tools, influences and practices that managers can adopt in order to reach their main concern.Contribution: As a contribution, this dissertation provides an integrated framework based on the actors own subjective experiences, describing the dynamic and social processes of managing co-workers ethical behavior in sales organizations.
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5.
  • Bommarco, Riccardo, et al. (författare)
  • Genetic and phenotypic differences between thistle populations in response to habitat and weed management practices
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Biological Journal of the Linnean Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0024-4066 .- 1095-8312. ; 99:4, s. 797-807
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Rapid evolutionary change is increasingly being recognized as commonplace, but the evolutionary consequences for species and ecosystems under human-induced selection regimes have not been explored in detail, although many species occur in such environments. In a common garden experiment and with amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, we examined whether genetic differentiation has taken place between spatially intermixed populations of creeping thistles Cirsium arvense (Asteraceae) collected from a natural habitat (maritime shores), a semi-natural habitat (road verges) and arable fields under two management regimes: conventional and organic farming. Populations of C. arvense have altered genetically and locally adapted their growth patterns with changed land use. Although plants from different habitats showed similar total biomass production, shoot and root production was higher for maritime populations, suggesting selection for increased competitive ability. Competitive ability then declined in the order semi-natural, conventional farms and organic farms. Thistles in arable fields may be more selected for tolerance against disturbances from herbicides and mechanical weed control. In addition, early shoot sprouting and genetic analysis showed differentiation between plants originating from conventional farms and farms that were converted to organic 9–30 years ago, suggesting some adaptation to altered crop cultivation practices
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7.
  • Eriksson, Sofia, et al. (författare)
  • Current distribution of older and deciduous forests as legacies from historical use patterns in a Swedish boreal landscape (1725–2007)
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 260:7, s. 1095-1103
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We combine historical maps and satellite derived data to reconstruct the development of a Swedish boreal landscape over the past 300 years. The aim is to understand legacies from past use patterns in present-day forest composition and consequences for conservation objectives from a landscape perspective. We analyze landscape development in cross-tabulation matrixes, building change trajectories. These trajectories are tested in linear models to explain the distribution of present-day landscape composition of coniferous, mixed, and deciduous forests >110 years. Of 49 tested change trajectories, 11 showed a significant association. Associations for mixed and coniferous forests were similar and linked to characteristics such as forest continuity, which characterized the studied landscape. Deciduous older forests did not show any association to forest continuity but were more likely to occur on areas that specifically shifted from forests with grazing in the 1720s to open impediment (likely indicating low tree coverage) in the 1850s. There were large shifts and spatial redistribution in ownerships over time. Use patterns and legacies varied between small- and large-scale ownership categories as well as within small-scale categories. The legacies found in the study indicate a complex origin of heterogeneous landscape elements such as older deciduous forests. Additionally, the origin of the legacies indicates a potential need to diversify conservation management based on the influence of past use patterns. Despite large inconsistencies in historical and contemporary data we argue that this type of analysis could be used to further understand the distribution of landscape elements important for conservation objectives.
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8.
  • Grandin, Ulf, et al. (författare)
  • Allozyme variation at a PGI locus in differently aged populations of Moehringia trinervia (Caryophyllaceae) in a successional area
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Botany. - : Wiley. - 0107-055X .- 1756-1051. ; 22:3, s. 303-311
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • We studied genetic effects of the colonisation process during primary succession by analysing allozyme variation at a PGI locus in differently aged populations of Moehringia trinervia, which is a selfing annual with low dispersal ability. The populations studied come from islands and shores created in the 1880s by a drop in the water table of a Swedish lake and from old parts of a large island and of the mainland. The population age is known from five vegetation analyses over a century. We have also analysed the genetic composition of M. trinervia derived from seeds in the soil. Mainland populations had a higher genetic diversity than island populations that were little differentiated and differed genetically from the mainland populations. There was no temporal trend in the distribution of genetic variation on the new islands. The presence of alleles in the extant populations was associated with the proportion of that allele in the seed bank, indicating a main recruitment from the seed bank and not by repeated immigrations. We suggest that some of the new islands were colonised by a few early founders from the mainland. Later colonisation has occurred between adjacent islands, which preserves the founder effect and could explain the uniform, low genetic variation in the island populations
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9.
  • Gustafsson, Susanne, et al. (författare)
  • Genetic differentiation and habitat preference of flowering-time variants within Gymnadenia conopsea
  • 2003
  • Ingår i: Heredity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0018-067X .- 1365-2540. ; 91, s. 284-292
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Using fast-evolving microsatellites, more slowly evolving ITS markers and performing habitat analyses, we demonstrated a drastic genetic divergence and significant habitat differentiation between early- and late-flowering variants of plants morphologically belonging to Gymnadenia conopsea ssp conopsea. The two phenological variants can either be found in separate or in mixed populations. Information from microsatellite markers and ITS sequences indicated the occurrence of an early historical split between the two flowering-time variants, a split that has been maintained until the present time even within sympatric populations. Early-flowering variants were also far more genetically diverse, had more alleles per microsatellite locus and a wider habitat amplitude than late-flowering variants. As a comparison, we included G. odoratissima in the sequencing study. We found G. odoratissima to be most closely related to the early-flowering type. This indicates a more ancient divergence event between the two flowering-time variants within G. conopsea ssp conopsea than between the two different species G. odoratissima and the early-flowering variant of G. conopsea. Possible explanations to the results arrived at and possible mechanisms maintaining the genetic separation are discussed.
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10.
  • Hyder, Akmal S., 1952-, et al. (författare)
  • Medical tourism in emerging markets : The role of trust, networks, and word-of-mouth
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Health Marketing Quarterly. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0735-9683 .- 1545-0864. ; 36:3, s. 203-219
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Despite the growing popularity of medical tourism (MT) in emerging markets (EMs), little is known about how healthcare providers operationalize. This article analyzes how healthcare providers meet different challenges to market MT in an EM setting. A qualitative method was used for data collection and conducting case studies on healthcare services in the Philippines. The results show that trust and network building are necessary for mitigating the unfavorable characteristics, instability and lack of legitimacy caused by institutional constraints in EM. Word-of-mouth is found to be important to attract new customers and disseminate information about MT services.
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