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  • Ali-Abri, Almukhtar, et al. (författare)
  • Regional and Global Financial Integration of the Gulf Co-operation Community Countries
  • 2009
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • This paper focuses on the extent of financial integration achieved in the GulfCooperation Community of nations, comprising of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman,Qatar and Saudi Arabia and UAE. The analysis is not limited to a mere look atopenness to capital flows. Five measures of financial integration are discussed andresorted to for making a comparison of the levels of financial integration achievedby the various members of the GCC region. It is seen that the rankings madeusing different tests of financial integration do not match always. Also, theprogress made towards regional financial integration is sometimes seen to be notcompatible with the level achieved in terms of global financial integration. By andlarge, Bahrain and Saudi Arabia emerge as the most financially integratedcountries in the region, with the banking hub bahrain clearly the most financiallyintegrated to global markets.
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  • Barot, Bharat, et al. (författare)
  • Capital Mobility and financial Integration in Emerging markets
  • 2004
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The economic mantra of the 1990s, taught by leading economists and institutions alike, was financialopenness and capital account convertibility. The echoes are now dying out after the East Asian crisis andthe popular approach prevailing is to go in for a kind of tempered financial liberalization where the floodports are thrown open only after the domestic economy has been put through the paces of internal financialreforms and judicial prudential regulations.The point being held aloft is that there are benefits, but also costs associated with financial globalization,and that the costs for the individual economy diminish if the ground is well-prepared prior to opening up.Put in other words, financial integration is beneficial, just as trade liberalization is, if the sequencing is right– and then it is not just a question of the sequencing of trade and financial reforms. The inference is thatfinancial integration does not mean merely opening up for capital in- and out-flows. Such a distinctionbetween financial ‘openness’ and ‘integration’ is strongly made in Le (2000). He argues, in the context ofthe crises of the 1990s that unstable capital market developments occur when there is a mismatch betweenfinancial openness and financial integration. A stable equilibrium can be re-attained if this gap is removed,which can be achieved in quite different ways. Thus, Malaysia tackled such a problem of financialimbalance by placing restraints on capital movements so that the degree of financial openness was cutdown towards the level of financial integration. On the other hand, Thailand and Korea took the harderalternative of undertaking reforms and increasing the level of financial integration to remove the imbalance.The foregoing discussion implies that a country may find itself at different positions on an internationalcomparison of the extent of financial liberalization depending on which of these two measures of financialliberalization is used. An estimate of financial openness can be obtained by looking at the growth in directinvestment and financial flows, and the changes in the regulations – and the barriers – associated with theseflows. A measure of financial integration is clearly a more involved one, requiring more information. Thispaper makes an attempt to develop and compare indices of financial openness and integration of some17 emerging or newly industrialized countries.It may be noted that even between countries with avowed intentions of a speedy process of financialliberalization, there are considerable differences in actual achievement in this regards. Verdier1 (1998)makes an enquiry into the characteristics of OECD countries which have embraced financial globalizationmost enthusiastically. Some of his results may seem counter-intuitive, but are rigorously derived, and itmay be of interest to see whether they are applicable to countries outside the OECD group.This study seeks to distinguish the factors determining the DEGREE of financial integration of countries.Variables representing the basic economic structure and chosen development paths, as well ascharacteristics often reflecting political choices or the influence of dominant pressure groups are tried out.Such a choice of a broad spectrum of variables is especially crucial in a study involving Asian countriesamong which inter-country differences reign far more than is the case within the OECD family.The scheme of the study is as follows: The section that follows makes a comparison of the indices offinancial openness and integration, highlighting the fact that the concepts are quite different. This section(II) also includes a brief, but fairly comprehensive survey of earlier work on tests of financial integration.The subsequent section (III) conducts tests for the factors that influence the EXTENT or degree of financialintegration, using a sample of 17 emerging economies, working with data for the 1990s. There is a finalsection which brings together the conclusions and suggestions for further research.
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4.
  • Barot, Bharat, et al. (författare)
  • EMU membership, trade and investments flows : enhancement beyond the single market effects?
  • 2004
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • One of the key arguments advanced in support of entry into the EMU byhesitant countries is the expected increase in trade volumes. Previous work onmeasuring the impact of EMU membership on trade has usually captured theeffect using the Gravity Model of trade and dummies representingmembership status. Results obtained vary widely from a 5% trade effect toalmost 200% in the original contribution. This paper adopts a new approachby analyzing the effect on trade due to increased investment flows in the wakeof actual or expected membership. The final impacts on trade thus traced areclose to the estimates on the higher side in the previous studies. Thecoefficients for country and partner GDP product, FDI product andgeographical distance are all highly significant, and FDI inflows are seen tohave a strong impact, with an elasticity of 0.42, on bilateral trade.
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5.
  • Barot, Bharat, et al. (författare)
  • Integration and Convergence of Financial Markets in the European Union
  • 2004
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The extent of financial integration within the European Union is a debated issue, and there is a presumption that some countries have made relatively less progress on this front. In this paper the countries in the union are ranked in terms of the degree of financial integration using various measures, including comprehensive Euler-type tests. A distinction is made between regional and global integration. It is seen that the core EU nations are integrated within the EU, but loosely globally, while the opposite holds true of the United Kingdom. Smaller, highly advanced economies such as Sweden are integrated well regionally as well as globally.
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  • Batavia, Bala, et al. (författare)
  • Asset Prices and Inflation : is there a predictive link?
  • 2007
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • The relationship between asset prices and consumer price inflation has been inthe limelight again in the last decade. The reason has been the observedlinkages in the early 1990s between housing as well as stock market pricesand consumer prices in Japan and the U.K. Rapid asset price appreciation inthese countries was followed, with a lag, by consumer price inflation. Suchdevelopments have even sparked off debates about the need to replaceconventional consumer price measures with a broader definition whichincludes asset prices. It seems important, therefore, to ascertain whether assetprices influence consumer prices in general, for a broader spectrum ofcountries. We choose a sample including major industrial countries as well asemerging markets, and test for the significance of housing prices and shareprices in predicting inflation. Longer, higher frequency, time series data aswell as cross-section information are used to establish asset price – consumerprice links for the sample as a whole, and for particular individual countries.
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  • Resultat 1-10 av 59

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