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- Farewell, Anne, 1961
(författare)
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Rising to the Top: Promoting Deeper Learning in the Laboratory
- 2018
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Ingår i: National Center for Case Study Teaching in Science.
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Inquiry-based labs differ from cookbook labs in that inquiry-based labs contain an element of experimentation. A cookbook lab can be performed by a student without understanding any of the theory connected with the exercise whereas inquiry-based labs require a degree of conceptual knowledge for a student to perform the lab. Inquiry-based labs also strengthen and deepen students understanding of topics discussed in lectures or reading assignments. There are many variations and degrees of inquiry in these labs ranging from a lab that is entirely designed by the students to those that include small questions requiring that the students predict the outcomes of a lab or fill in missing information (guided inquiry). A simple specific example of a cookbook lab would be instructing students to measure volume changes between ice and liquid water. The students would be given step by step instructions to follow and would not need to apply any conceptual knowledge. An inquiry based lab on the same topic would allow the students to design their own experiment to discover how the volume of liquid water differs from that of ice. One goal of this activity is to introduce inquiry-based lab design. Beyond lab design, lab supervision is crucial to encouraging students to use their conceptual knowledge when doing a practical lab. Lab assistants or teachers who are involved in the lab can use student questions to encourage deeper understanding. This case study includes a role-play exercise for this skill. This case study has been designed to be used in science education courses for both graduate student laboratory assistants and lecturers or professors in natural sciences at the university or college level. It includes discussion and role-play of a hypothetical laboratory. No specific knowledge of biology or chemistry is needed beyond high school level to complete this task, though knowledge of the existence of microorganisms (yeast) and proteins is assumed. In addition, this activity is suitable for participants with little or no pedagogics training.
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| 4. |
- Sonesten, Lars
(författare)
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Vattenkvaliteten i Storvänern
- 2015
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Ingår i: Vänern: Årsskrift 2015. ; 91, s. 33-35
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
- Quintana, Isabel, et al.
(författare)
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Växtplankton
- 2015
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Ingår i: Vänern: Årsskrift 2015. ; 91, s. 36-39
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 6. |
- Jagers, Peter, 1941
(författare)
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Branching Processes: A Personal Historical Perspective.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Statistical Modeling for Biological Systems: In Memory of Andrei Yakovlev. - Cham : Springer International Publishing.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The chapter, based on an Oberwolfach talk, gives a - personally biased - sketch of the development of branching processes, from the mid 19th Century to recently, emphasizing relations to bioscience and demography, and to society and culture in general.
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| 8. |
- Kylin, Henrik, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and pentachloroanisole (PCA)
- 2017
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Ingår i: AMAP Assessment 2016. - Oslo : AMAP - Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme. - 9788279711049 ; , s. 205-211
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pentachlorophenol (PCP) was first synthesized for use as a fungicide for wood protection in the 1930s. PCP affects most organisms by decoupling oxidative phosphorylation and other crucial biochemical functions (IPCS, 1987; UNEP, 2013e). As a result it has found a wide range of biocidal and pesticidal uses. Due to adverse environmental and health effects, restrictions on the use of PCP were first imposed in the 1970s with total bans in effect in some countries by the 1980s (UNEP, 2013d). As of 2014, PCP was still in use in India, Canada and the USA (UNEP, 2014a). In May 2015, PCP was included in Annex A of the Stockholm Convention: calling for elimination, with a time-limited exemption for impregnation of utility poles and crossarms (UNEP, 2015a).
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| 9. |
- Liu, Yuanhua, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Considering the importance of user profiles in interface design
- 2009
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Ingår i: User Interfaces. ; , s. 23-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- User profile is a popular term widely employed during product design processes by industrial companies. Such a profile is normally intended to represent real users of a product. The ultimate purpose of a user profile is actually to help designers to recognize or learn about the real user by presenting them with a description of a real user’s attributes, for instance; the user’s gender, age, educational level, attitude, technical needs and skill level. The aim of this chapter is to provide information on the current knowledge and research about user profile issues, as well as to emphasize the importance of considering these issues in interface design. In this chapter, we mainly focus on how users’ difference in expertise affects their performance or activity in various interaction contexts. Considering the complex interaction situations in practice, novice and expert users’ interactions with medical user interfaces of different technical complexity will be analyzed as examples: one focuses on novice and expert users’ difference when interacting with simple medical interfaces, and the other focuses on differences when interacting with complex medical interfaces. Four issues will be analyzed and discussed: (1) how novice and expert users differ in terms of performance during the interaction; (2) how novice and expert users differ in the perspective of cognitive mental models during the interaction; (3) how novice and expert users should be defined in practice; and (4) what are the main differences between novice and expert users’ implications for interface design. Besides describing the effect of users’ expertise difference during the interface design process, we will also pinpoint some potential problems for the research on interface design, as well as some future challenges that academic researchers and industrial engineers should face in practice.
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| 10. |
- Omstedt, Anders, 1949
(författare)
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The Development of Climate Science of the Baltic Sea Region
- 2017
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Ingår i: Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science. - : Oxford University Press.
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dramatic climate changes have occurred in the Baltic Sea region caused by changes in orbital movement in the earth–sun system and the melting of the Fennoscandian Ice Sheet. Added to these longer-term changes, changes have occurred at all timescales, caused mainly by variations in large-scale atmospheric pressure systems due to competition between the meandering midlatitude low-pressure systems and highpressure systems. Here we follow the development of climate science of the Baltic Sea from when observations began in the 18th century to the early 21st century. The question of why the water level is sinking around the Baltic Sea coasts could not be answered until the ideas of postglacial uplift and the thermal history of the earth were better understood in the 19th century and periodic behavior in climate related time series attracted scientific interest. Herring and sardine fishing successes and failures have led to investigations of fishery and climate change and to the realization that fisheries themselves have strongly negative effects on the marine environment, calling for international assessment efforts. Scientists later introduced the concept of regime shifts when interpreting their data, attributing these to various causes. The increasing amount of anoxic deep water in the Baltic Sea and eutrophication have prompted debate about what is natural and what is anthropogenic, and the scientific outcome of these debates now forms the basis of international management efforts to reduce nutrient leakage from land. The observed increase in atmospheric CO and its effects on global warming have focused the climate debate on trends and generated a series of international and regional assessments and research programs that have greatly improved our understanding of climate and environmental changes, bolstering the efforts of earth system science, in which both climate and environmental factors are analyzed together.
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