| 1. |
- Gschösser, Florian, et al.
(författare)
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Ökologische und ökonomische Bewertung von Schweizer Nationalstrassen
- 2014
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Ingår i: bauaktuell. - 2077-4737. ; 5:3, s. 86-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In einer Ökobilanz- und Lebenszykluskosten-Studie am Lehrstuhl für Nachhaltiges Bauen der ETH Zürich wurden typische Oberbautypen (Asphalt-, Beton- und Composite Oberbauten) anwendbar für Nationalstraßen (Autobahnen) in der Schweiz hinsichtlich ausgewählter Umweltwirkungen(Treibhauspotenzial, nicht erneuerbarer kumulierter Energieaufwand, ökologische Knappheit – Umweltbelastungspunkte) und ihrer Lebenszykluskosten untersucht. Die Analyse fokussierte dabei auf die quantitative Bewertung von Neubau- und Erhaltungsmaßnahmen über 75 Jahre. Prozesse der Straßennutzung (Kraftstoffverbrauch, Lärm etc) wurden aus zeitlichen Gründen nur qualitativ bewertet. In der Schweiz wurden in den letzten zwei Jahrzenten zum größten Teil Nationalstraßen (Autobahnen) mit Asphaltoberbauten ausgeführt. Die Ergebnisse der ökologischen und ökonomischen Bewertung der verschiedenen Oberbautypen zeigen, dass vor allem Betonoberbauten bei Nationalstraßenmit starker Schwerverkehrsbelastung über einen längeren Zeitraum ökologische und ökonomische Potenziale aufweisen und deshalb als Alternative zu Asphaltoberbauten in Betrachtbezogen werden müssten.
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| 2. |
- Höppner, Silko, et al.
(författare)
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Lebensdauerkosten von Schwellenmaterialien unter Einbezug ökologischer Aspekte
- 2010
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Ingår i: Eisenbahntechnische Rundschau. - 0013-2845. ; 59:9, s. 654-655
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Insgesamt bietet der Betonschwellenoberbau gegenüber dem Holz- und Stahlschwelleneinsatz die wirtschaftlichste Lösung.Unter ökologischen Gesichtspunkten ist der Vergleich nicht eindeutig und hängt von den betrachteten Aspekten ab. Es ist indessen anzunehmen, dass bei der Betonschwellenproduktion noch ökologisches Optimierungspotential besteht.
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| 3. |
- Jakob, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Energiekonzept 2050 für die Stadt Zürich - Auf dem Weg zur 2000 Watt tauglichen Wärme-Versorgung mit einem räumlich differenzierten Gebäudeparkmodell
- 2012
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Ingår i: Brenet Statusseminar, 13-14. September 2012, Zurich, Switzerland.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This project develops a heat demand and supply concept for the City of Zurich within the framework of the 2000 Watt society. Heat and electricity demand and supply were simulated with a building stock model that aggregates buildings that are similar by type, construction period, usage, and location, etc. by using building specific information of an official data set of the buildings and apartments within the city of Zurich. Based on official GIS-Data, the city area was divided into 16 supply zones for which a specific energy carrier mix for the year 2050 was defined. With regard to the regional development strategy (RES) the city area was also divided into 5 demand zones, which differ in monument conservation regulations entailing less stringent measures (e.g. lower specific retrofit rates, demolition rates, heat transfer coefficients). With ambitious, but realistic retrofit measures, efficient use of electricity and tapping available renewable energy potentials to a large extent it is possible to reach the goals of the 2000-Watt-Society within the modeled framework.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- John, Viola, et al.
(författare)
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Hoch oder quer? Ökologische Lebenszyklusanalyse eines Hochhauses im Vergleich zu einem Riegelgebäude
- 2010
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Ingår i: Bauingenieur. - 0005-6650. ; :8, s. 341-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Urban sprawl is a worldwide tendency leading to an increased demand for adequate highly condensed living space within cities. To meet this demand, there are two typical building types: the high rise and the elongate apartment building. This article aims at providing a comparative ecological life cycle assessment (LCA) for the structure of these two building types. For the analysis, an existing elongate apartment building, planned for a site with bad soil conditions and a high groundwater level in Zurich, was examined. This building was then compared to a hypothetic high rise building, designed for the same site in Zurich and meeting identical energy standards as well as containing a comparable amount of accommodation units and floor space. The weighting of the environmental impact of the buildings over their entire lifecycle was illustrated through two different weighting indices (Eco-Indicator 99 [1], Ecological Scarcity ’06 [2]). Additionally, the cumulative energy demand (CED) [3] for both buildings was calculated. Afterwards, a sensitivity analysis was conducted, accounting for the influence of improved soil properties and a low groundwater level. The LCA results show that with bad soil properties, the high rise building has a significantly lower cumulative energy demand and environmental impact than the elongate building, whereas improved soil properties lead to the elongate building exceeding the high rise building in terms of environmental impacts.
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| 6. |
- Monn, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Umgebungsbedingungen in Büros in Abhängigkeit von der Lüftung - Auswertungen aus dem Projekt „Qualität von Nachhaltigen Bürogebäuden“
- 2015
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Ingår i: Gefahrstoffe Reinhaltung der Luft. - 0949-8036. ; 75:5, s. 191-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the research project “Quality of Sustainable Buildings” (English: QSB, German: QNB), twenty seven buildings were investigated. Objective measurements (air quality CO2, air temperature, relative humidity) were performed and in addition, data on subjective judgements were collected using questionnaires. The analyses of this paper focus on the characteristics of ventilation (natural,mechanical and hybrid ventilation). Mechanically ventilated buildings indicated some advantages during the summer period with respect to the air temperature and in the winter with respect to the air quality (CO2). For naturally ventilated buildings, disadvantages during the winter were observed with respect to the air quality (CO2). The same buildings showed some advantage of a higher relative humidity in the winter period compared with the mechanically ventilated buildings. Subjective judgements did more or less correspond with the measured data. However, some parameters did not. Additional parameters for qualifying indoor air quality (here measured as CO2 - concentration) need to be considered. In addition, the study showed a quite good quality (measured and judged) for most of the buildings. In order to contribute to energy savings and to achieve a better level of indoor air quality(e.g. humidity), indoor air temperature could be reduced in winter without negatively affecting the comfort requirements of the office users.
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| 7. |
- Schüle, Ralf, et al.
(författare)
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Lokale Netzwerke zur energetischen Gebäudesanierung
- 2007
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Ingår i: Ressourceneffizienz - Der neue Reichtum der Städte, Impulse für eine zukunftsfähige Kommune, Reutter, Oscar, oekom Verlag, München, Deutschland. - 9783865810854 ; , s. 146-163
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Wallbaum, Holger, 1967
(författare)
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Anforderungen und Strategien für ein nachhaltiges Immobilienmanagement
- 2008
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Ingår i: Tagungsband/Proceedings Facility Management Messe und Kongress, 6.-8. Mai 2008, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. - 9783800730933 ; , s. 411-419
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A sustainable development can be described as the search of society for today’s suitable arrangements, which enable a long-term justifiable balance between economical and social interests as well as ecological basic conditions.The building-industry is responsible for 40% of the global energy consumption and adds 1/3 to the anthropogenic CO2-emissions. Therefore it offers a large potential for optimisation.The increase in energy-prices during the past few years due to the growing demand enhanced the search for optimised use of energy in buildings. On the one hand one has to take in account the energy-efficiency and on the other hand the use of efficient materials as well as the automation of the building process. To judge the sustainability of a building one should consider its whole life cycle, i.e. to regard life-span, conversion, maintenance, deconstruction and energetic performance of the building, incl. the overall raw materials production.
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| 9. |
- Wallbaum, Holger, 1967
(författare)
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Bauwirtschaftliche Megatrends – Wunsch und Wirklichkeit für den Holzbau
- 2009
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Ingår i: Tagungsband des 15. Internationalen Holzbau-Forum 2009, 2-4 December 2009, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. - 9783816781875 ; IHF Prolog III
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Die Herausforderungen für das Bauen im 21. Jahrhundert sind sehr umfassend. Sicherlich sind diese Herausforderungen lokal sehr unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägt und auch die Fähigkeit darauf zu reagieren, aber generell stehen wir nahezu überall vor den gleichen Problemen für die wir Lösungen zu erarbeiten haben. Die zu beobachtenden globalen (Mega-)Trends und Herausforderungen umfassen u.a. die sich abzeichnende weitere Verknappung fossiler Energieträger, aber auch anderer natürlicher Rohstoffe, einem kontinuierlichen Trend der Urbanisierung, dem demografischen Wandel, einer veränderten Wohnnachfrage etc. Vor dem Hintergrund einer nachhaltigen Enwticklung im Bauwesen werden nun verschiedene Instrumente und Konzepte entwickelt und implementiert, die einen Lösungsbeitrag liefern sollen. Das nachfolgende Referat widmet sich insbesondere den Fragen, welchen Beitrag der Holzbau für das nachhaltige Bauen leisten kann und wie Investoren dem Entscheid für ein Gebäude aus Holz gegenüberstehen? In den Schlussbemerkungen werden aus Sicht des Referenten Optimierungspotenziale für den Holzbau aufgezeigt.
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| 10. |
- Wallbaum, Holger, 1967
(författare)
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Denk- und Kommunikationsansätze zur Bewertung des Nachhaltigen Bauens und Wohnens anhang der Ökologischen Wohnsiedlung Flintenbreire in Lübeck
- 2002
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is the aim of the present study to detect the reasons for these grievances, taking as an example the new Ecological Housing Estate Flintenbreite, and to demonstrate alternative solutions. For this purpose, different concepts of assessment are employed which meet the requirements of a full life cycle analysis. From the ecological perspective, these are the software tool GaBi of the University of Stuttgart, the MIPS concept of the Wuppertal Institute for Climate, Environment, Energy as well as the software tool GEMIS from the Eco Institute. In order to assess the quantity and quality of the area consumption, a special calculation method was developed on the basis of “Hemerobiestufen”, which illustrate the degree of naturalness of a surface area. The BKI Kostenplaner of the Baukosteninformationszentrum is used to analyze the economic factors. In order to assess social aspects, a special assessment method on the basis of national and international discussions is developed and applied. Apart from taking into account generally accepted ecological indicators, this study also attempts to develop economic indicators as well as indicators for measuring social sustainability of housing development concepts. By means of a working example the practicability of these indicators is examined. For assessing the degree of sustainability reached at the Ecological Housing Estate Flintenbreite 15 indicators are used. These are:•The Total Material Requirement (TMR)•The Accumulated Expenditure of Energy (KEA)•The Global Warming Potential related to 100 years (GWP 100)•Area consumption•Water consumption•Planning and implementation costs•Costs of construction and production•Costs of utilization including maintenance costs•Costs of pulling down, disposal and restoration•Average renting costs•Age composition of the residents•Income structure of the residents•Unemployment rate of the residents•Quota of women employed•Possibilities of participation of the residentsFor assessing and visualizing the several indicators, the COMPASS method, developed at the Wuppertal Institute, is applied.Since the process of construction at the Ecological Housing Estate Flintenbreite has been delayed as a result of the insolvencies of two of the developing companies, up to date only 26 of the planned 119 housing units have been completed. Therefore, in order to obtain valuable results the scientific approach had to be reduced in the course of this study. As the central elements of the approach the building above ground and the sewage concept, which has been used on a larger scale for the first time and which is based on a vacuum technique, are focused on. Apart from savings in water (only 1 liter per flush), this trend-setting, integrated sewage concept takes into account the utilization of nutrients and the energy content of excrements and biological waste. For that purpose, the flows grey water (residues without excrements), black water (toilet residues), rainwater and biological waste are dealt with separately within the whole concept. Through the fermentation of biological waste and excrements, biogas is won which is then used for power production in the housing estate’s own cogeneration plant. Three filters (constructed wetlands in the form of sand filters planted with reeds) are used for clearing the grey water. Using hollows on the 4.9 hectare wide housing development area, rainwater can seep away directly. The liquid manure remaining after anaerobic treatment is collected in a reservoir and used for agricultural means. Thus, nutrient cycles can be completed.Despite partly positive results it must be stated that these building measures, with regard to the building above ground, do not make a valuable contribution as far as more sustainable building is concerned. The sewage concept appears to be more apt to meet this requirement, although optimizing steps have yet to follow.Stakeholders from many different fields can take such steps in their respective discipline but also with regard to the interdisciplinary perspective. The chance to act beyond the boundaries of one’s own discipline, the ability to communicate as a key to joint action as well as the ability to see and open up new paths require new approaches and possibilities of acting. Thus, it is the duty of private persons, functionaries and elected candidates alike to help ensure corresponding education and qualification.Apart from that, on the international level, it is essential to initiate a changed, honest and consistent orientation of the rules of the WTO, the ILO and the UNEP without which a sustainable development will continue to be a utopia. And perhaps we may even have to go one step further and overcome an economy of interest and compound interest that is destroying resources, in order to be able to live the dream of a sustainable economic system.
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