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Sökning: db:Swepub > (2010-2011) > Umeå universitet > Röda Korsets Högskola

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  • Mattsson, Janet Yvonne, et al. (författare)
  • Uncovering pain in critically ill non-verbal children : nurses' clinical experiences in the paediatric intensive care unit
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Child Health Care. - : Sage Publications. - 1367-4935 .- 1741-2889. ; 15:3, s. 187-198
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Critically ill paediatric patients are frequently exposed to pain that is required to be assessed and treated effectively. The most reliable resource for assessing pain is the child itself, but children in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU) are commonly unable to communicate their needs, requiring professional caregivers to uncover and interpret pain. However, nurses and paediatricians do not have sufficient knowledge of how critical illness affects childrens' signs of pain. The aim of this study was to illuminate clinical experiences of pain in the PICU; describing nurses' perceptions of expressions of pain in non-verbal, critically ill 2-6 year old children. The participants were 17 experienced PICU nurses. Data were analysed according to the phenomenographic method and three qualitatively different main categories, gained from clinical experience, emerged: changes in the measurable parameters; perceived muscular tension; and, altered behaviour. Furthermore, contrasting the categories revealed two diverse perspectives to focus pain: measure-oriented and patient-oriented. Subtle expressions of pain were recognised when focus was patient-oriented. These findings support the necessity of actively looking for pain deriving from various perspectives and considering diverse caring needs when doing so. Acknowledging pain makes pain visible.
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  • Tinghög, Petter, et al. (författare)
  • Migration and mortality trajectories : a study of individuals born in the rural community of Överkalix, Sweden
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Social Science and Medicine. - Oxford : Elsevier. - 0277-9536 .- 1873-5347. ; 73:5, s. 744-751
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Migration may result in exposure to factors that are both beneficial and harmful for good health. How the act of migration is associated with mortality, or whether the socio-economic condition of migrants prior to migration influences their mortality trajectory, is not well understood. In the present study, a cohort of 413 randomly selected individuals born in the rural community of Överkalix, Sweden, between 1890 and 1935 were followed from birth to either death or old age. Around 50% of the study-population moved away from Överkalix at one time or another. To adjust for a potential bias resulting from self-selection among the migrants, the father’s occupational status was used together with parents’ and grandparents’ longevity. Overall, migration could not be shown to predict mortality when the backgrounds of the migrants were taken into account. Nonetheless, socio-economic background conditions appeared to moderate the association, decreasing the mortality rates for migrants with relatively good pre-migratory socio-economic conditions, while increasing it for migrants with poorer pre-migratory conditions. However, further scrutiny revealed that this effect modification mainly affected the female migrants’ mortality. In conclusion, the study suggests that there is no general association between migration and mortality, but that migrants with better socio-economic resources are more likely to improve their mortality trajectories than migrants with poorer resources. Better pre-migratory conditions hence appear to be important for avoiding health-adverse circumstances and gaining access to health beneficial living conditions when moving to foreign environments – especially for women.
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