54. |
-
A Proactive Approach : Law Libraries
- 2006
-
Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Reliance on routines to avoid mistakes is a self-evident feature of many fields of human activity. The commercial pilot preparing for take-off, the engineer designing a bridge and the insurance company introducing a new product all depend on proven methods to ensure that nothing important is forgotten and to assess the consequences of planned measures. Legal work is somewhat atypical in the foregoing respect. Compared with many other activities, there are few descriptions of how the various segments of a legal task are to be devised in order to achieve the greatest possible certainty of result. Lawyers tend to work reactively, i.e., the focus is on solving problems that have already arisen. Efforts aimed at avoiding problems before they begin to brew - i.e., proactively - are less common. The proactive approach is not unknown in the legal sphere but as compared to many other fields of the law the perspective is not very well elaborated. Against this background this volume of Scandinavian Studies in Law presents 25 articles on various aspects of proactive approaches in law, the majority of them focusing on contracting issues. The collection is simultaneously a documentation of a conference on proactive law held in Stockholm 2005. In addition to the articles on proactive law this volume contains a presentation of major law libraries in the Scandinavian countries. Table of Contents: Barton, Thomas D., Thinking Preventively and Proactively, p. 71-92 Bing, Jon and Mahler, Tobias, Contractual Risk Management in an ICT Context - Searching for a Possible Interface between Legal Methods and Risk Analysis, p. 339-358 Cummins, Tim, Best Practices In Commercial Contracting, p. 131-148 Daicoff, Susan, The Comprehensive Law Movement: An Emerging Approach to Legal Problems, p. 109-128 Dauer, Eduard A., The Role of Culture in Legal Risk Management, p. 93-108 Haapio, Helena, Introduction to Proactive Law from a Business Lawyer's Point of View, p. 21-34 Haapio, Helena, Business Success and Problem Prevention through Proactive Contracting, p. 149-194 Haarala-Nystén, Soili, Contract Law and Everyday Contracting, p. 263-284 Haavisto, Vaula, Contracting in Networks, p. 237-254 Jakobsen Sandfeld, Søren, Entering New and Converging Media Markets: How to Take a Proactive Approach to Legal Issues in the Electronic Communications Sector, p. 393-406 Kavaleff, Anette, Successful Outsourcing through Proactive Contracting - Strategy, Risk Assessment and Implementation, p. 215-226 Lando, Henrik, Determinants of the Optimal Degree of Pro-activeness in Contracting, p. 255-262 Magnusson, Jarl S., Proactive Law - and the Importance of Data and Information Resources, p. 407-424 Magnusson Sjöberg, Cecilia, Presentation of the Nordic School of Proactive Law, p. 13-20 Paris, Carolyn E.C., Contract Management: Design Parameters and Challenges to Implementation, p. 195-214 Pohjonen, Soile, Proactive Law in Academia, p. 53-70 Sadighi Firozabadi, Babak and Sergot, Marek , The Role of Agreements in Virtual Organisations, p. 297-304 Schartum, Dag Wiese, Introduction to a Government-based Perspective on Proactive Law, p. 35-52 Seipel, Peter, Nordic School of Proactive Law Conference 2005: Closing Comments, p. 359-364 Syse, Aslak, Equality and Accessibility: A Proactive Approach to Strengthen the Legal Status and Protection Against Discrimination of Persons with Disabilities, p. 367-384 Taskinen, Tommi K.J., Some Thoughts on Proactive Counselling and Legal Mentality, p. 227-236 Trzaskowski, Jan, Legal Risk Management in a Global, Electronic Marketplace, p. 319-338 Weitzenböck, Emily M., Prevention is Better than Cure: Fostering the Growth of Dynamic Networked Organisations through the use of Proactive Legal Measures, p. 305-318 Vikström, Mats, The Impact of IT on the Foundation for Businesses Daily Operation, p. 285-296 Zimmer, Frederik, Tax Legislation between Politics and Legal (and Economic) Thinking, p. 385-392 Law Libraries in Denmark, p. 427-433 Law Libraries in Finland, p. 434-441 Norwegian Law Libraries, p. 442-447 Law Libraries in Sweden, p. 448-462
|
|
55. |
-
A programme for better use and management of protected areas, 2005-2015
- 2005
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- ”protect – preserve – present” is a programme developed by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency in order to clarify its measures and objectives for realizing the ambitions stated in the Swedish government official document A Comprehensive Policy for Nature Conservation with regard to the use and management of protected areas. Sweden currently has 28 national parks and 2552 nature reserves with a combined area of around four million hectares (ca. 9.9 million acres). In addition, 3992 Natura 2000 sites have been designated thus far. All of these protected areas must be managed in accordance with stated objectives. The programme addresses the issue of LOCAL PARTICIPATION, an important aspect of efforts to win local support for conservation measures. MANAGEMENT PLANS play a key role in specifying how supervising agencies are to carry out measures for the further development and fulfilment of goals for the conservation of biodiversity and outdoor recreation opportunities. One of the functions of conservation plans is to explain the purpose of Natura 2000 sites. OUTDOOR RECREATION provides opportunities for relaxation of body and soul, which is of great importance to human well-being. Getting out into the open for such activities as walking and nature study increases life quality, and promotes both physical and psychic health. Sustainable, environmentally friendly tourism in protected areas benefits both nature conservation and society at large. PUBLIC INFORMATION in protected areas can by provided by a variety of means, from simple entrance signs to guided walks and visitor centers with exhibitions and various activities. Entrances to protected areas are important for the overall impression of a visit. An important task of the management is MANAGING VARIOUS TYPES OF HABITATS. Knowledge of carry out that task is essential for those responsible for supervising protected areas. Another important task is to FOLLOW-UP AND EVALUATE the work that is carried out, in order to determine if and when conservation goals are fulfilled. It is also important to spread knowledge of good examples and to increase the sharing of experience. Toward those ends, the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency has formulated a number of objectives and set deadlines for achieving them. The most important elements of the programme, ”Protect – Preserve – Present”, are thirty measures, for each of which it is specified what is to be done, by whom and when. Implementation of some measures began in 2004, but work on the majority will begin during 2005. The basic programme will continue until 2015, but work connected with some objectives will continue until 2020.
|
|