| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Falk, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Introduction
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Linguistics. - 0332-5865. ; 26:2, s. 127-131
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
|
|
| 3. |
- Forsberg, Julia, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
-
A broader view of pronunciation
- 2021
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Traditional pronunciation instruction primarily involves articulation and listening comprehension. We argue that this is too narrow a view of what role pronunciation should play in the education of speakers of Swedish as a second language. Pronunciation should be directly concerned with the literarisation of learners, directed at the development of coding and decoding skills associated with all of reading, writing, listening and speaking. Diagnostic tests given within the development project Intensivsvenska (IntensiveSwedish) show that there are often lingering problems at the basic literacy level for second language learners (age 16–19), even after three years of courses in Swedish as a second language. This holds even when the students are literate in their first language. In fact, it is commonly the case that immigrants never acquire some of the phonological distinctions of the Swedish sound system and their attendant correspondences in the (alphabetic) orthographic system. Typical exponents of this are the distinctions between /y/ and /i/ or /ø/ and /e/ (both long and short), the distinction between long and short consonants (mata vs. matta, lada vs. ladda, etc.), and the connection to the sound referents of letters <å, ä, ö. u>. Decoding issues like these can be addressed by combining pronunciation training with literarisation training.We hypothesise that the reasons why many students remain poor readers even after several years in the Swedish school system is that phonological distinctions are not acquired and that students are unsure of the relationship between phonology and orthography. If unaddressed, deficient decoding abilities may in turn hamper the development of sight reading, and more generally limit the amount of information that the students can absorb from reading, since much of the energy will be taken up by decoding efforts. A better balance between the broader view of pronunciation and reading for content may resolve problems caused by insufficient literarisation.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Gussenhoven, Carlos, et al.
(författare)
-
The Sequence Recall Task and Lexicality of Tone : Exploring Tone “Deafness”
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 13
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many perception and processing effects of the lexical status of tone have been found in behavioral, psycholinguistic, and neuroscientific research, often pitting varieties of tonal Chinese against non-tonal Germanic languages. While the linguistic and cognitive evidence for lexical tone is therefore beyond dispute, the word prosodic systems of many languages continue to escape the categorizations of typologists. One controversy concerns the existence of a typological class of “pitch accent languages,” another the underlying phonological nature of surface tone contrasts, which in some cases have been claimed to be metrical rather than tonal. We address the question whether the Sequence Recall Task (SRT), which has been shown to discriminate between languages with and without word stress, can distinguish languages with and without lexical tone. Using participants from non-tonal Indonesian, semi-tonal Swedish, and two varieties of tonal Mandarin, we ran SRTs with monosyllabic tonal contrasts to test the hypothesis that high performance in a tonal SRT indicates the lexical status of tone. An additional question concerned the extent to which accuracy scores depended on phonological and phonetic properties of a language’s tone system, like its complexity, the existence of an experimental contrast in a language’s phonology, and the phonetic salience of a contrast. The results suggest that a tonal SRT is not likely to discriminate between tonal and non-tonal languages within a typologically varied group, because of the effects of specific properties of their tone systems. Future research should therefore address the first hypothesis with participants from otherwise similar tonal and non-tonal varieties of the same language, where results from a tonal SRT may make a useful contribution to the typological debate on word prosody.
|
|
| 6. |
- Hallonsten Halling, Pernilla, 1984-
(författare)
-
Adverbs : A typological study of a disputed category
- 2018
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The notion adverb is often treated as encompassing leftover items in a class that shows little consistency both within and across languages. Adverbs are less frequent than other parts of speech cross-linguistically, they seldom inflect, and they are rarely used as a source for derivation to other categories.This dissertation focuses on adverbs that denote properties and that can be used as modifiers within predicating expressions. The adverbs in this group are roughly equivalent to the traditional manner adverbs (She walked slowly). In their role as modifiers, these adverbs are parallel to attributive adjectives, which also denote properties, and are modifiers in referring expressions (a slow train). Adjectives often also occur in the predicative function (The train is slow). This study compares adverbs to attributive and predicative adjectives in a sample of 60 genealogically diverse languages from around the world. Simple adverbs are attested in the majority of these languages, including in some languages that do not have simple adjectives. The comparison with attributive and predicative adjectives is carried out at three levels of encoding: the root, the lexeme, and the construction. The analysis shows that a great majority of languages have the same root encoding for adverbs, attributive adjectives, and predicative adjectives. Many languages have a class of lexemes that are used in the functions of both adverbs and attributive adjectives, here called general modifiers. On the construction level, where constructions are analyzed in their entirety, important encoding similarities between adverbs and predicative adjectives are unraveled. In a few languages, adverbs and attributive adjectives are encoded by the same or similar constructions.The attested simple adverbs and general modifiers both fall into certain characteristic semantic types. For simple adverbs, a core type is SPEED, which is found among the adverbs of most sample languages. The types VALUE, CARE, and NOISE are also found among the simple adverbs of several languages. For general modifiers, VALUE appears as a core type. These semantic types are further attested in tendencies of adverb lexicalization and in adverbial affixation across languages. This dissertation shows that adverbs constitute a cross-linguistically prototypical part of speech, although they differ in many ways from other categories. The basis for this class, just as for adjectives, is the presence of simple lexemes that tend to have similar semantics in unrelated and geographically distant languages. Adverbs are thus conceptually no less basic than adjectives.
|
|
| 7. |
- Heldner, Mattias, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
-
Pride and prominence
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Working Papers in Linguistics. ; , s. 1-6
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Given the importance of the entire voice source in prominence expression, this paper aims to explore whether the word accent distinction can be defined by the voice quality dynamics moving beyond the tonal movements.To this end, a list of word accent pairs in Central Swedish were recorded and analysed based on a set of acoustic features extracted from the accelerometer signal. The results indicate that the tonal movements are indeed accompanied by the voice quality dynamics such as intensity, periodicity, harmonic richness and spectral tilt, and suggest that these parameters might contribute to the perception of one vs. two peaks associated with the word accent distinction in this regional variant of Swedish. These results, although based on limited data, are of crucial importance for the designation of voice quality variation as a prosodic feature per se.
|
|
| 8. |
- Hualde, José Ignacio, et al.
(författare)
-
Interaction between word accent and intonational boundaries in Latvian
- 2018
-
Ingår i: TAL2018, Sixth International Symposium on Tonal Aspects of Languages. ; , s. 27-31
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Latvian, primary stressed long syllables of content words bear either a level or a falling pitch contour, due to a lexical tonal accent contrast. In this paper we examine the interaction between word accents and intonational boundary tones in Latvian. We assume that intonational contours result from the combination of word-level and utterance-level tones and consider how the word accents are realized in utterances with different pragmatic values, which are in part expressed by choice of boundary tone (L%, H%, HL%). The main result of our investigation is that the existence of a lexical tonal contrast in Latvian introduces some incompatibilities between accentual melodies and intonational boundary tones, which are resolved in different ways. Tentatively, we conclude that one resolution is to alter the tonal values of the word accents, in some instances leading to the positional neutralization of the contrast. Another strategy is assimilation between boundary tone and word accent. Which tone assimilates to which is left as an open question here.
|
|
| 9. |
- Hualde, José I., et al.
(författare)
-
Word accent and intonation in Baltic
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Social and Linguistic Speech Prosody. ; , s. 668-672
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examine the realization of word accent contrasts in Standard Latvian and East Aukštaitian Lithuanian across intonational contexts. In our Latvian data the contrast is manifested as level vs. falling pitch in most contexts, in addition to a durational difference. In Aukštaitian Lithuanian, instead, differences in vowel quality and duration cue the lexical contrast in the nuclei that we examine. While Latvian retains a tonal contrast, in Aukštaitian Lithuanian it has been replaced with a combined segmental/quantitative contrast, where the so-called circumflex tone corresponds to relatively shorter duration and, in the case of diphthongs, centralized quality in the first half. We discuss the implications of these findings for further typological work.
|
|
| 10. |
- Karlander, David, 1987-
(författare)
-
Authentic Language : Övdalsk, metapragmatic exchange and the margins of Sweden’s linguistic market
- 2017
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This compilation thesis engages with practices that in some way place stakes in the social existence of Övdalsk (also älvdalska, Elfdalian, Övdalian), a marginal form of Scandinavian used mainly in Sweden’s Älvdalen municipality. The practices at hand range from early 20th century descriptive dialectology and contemporary lay-linguistics to language advocacy and language political debate. The four studies focus on the logic by which such practices operate, on the historically produced visions that they bring into play, as well as on the symbolic effects that they have produced. Study I provides a zoomed-out account of the ordering of Övdalsk in Sweden’s linguistic market. Focusing on a relatively recent debate over the institutional regimentation of Övdalsk, it analyses the forms of agreement upon which the exchange in question has come to rest. The contention has mainly developed over the classification of Övdalsk, percolating in the question of whether Övdalsk ‘is’ a ‘language’ or a ‘dialect’. Analysing this debate, the study takes interest in the relationship between state power and metapragmatic exchange. Study II deals with the history of linguistic thought and research on Övdalsk. It analyses the genesis of some durable visions of the relationship between Övdalsk and linguistic authenticity, focusing on the research practice of the Swedish dialectologist Lars Levander (1883–1950), whose work on Övdalsk commands representative authority to this day. By engaging with Levander’s techniques of scholarly objectivation, as well as with their language theoretical fundaments, the study seeks to create some perspectives on, and distance to, the canonical representations of Övdalsk that have precipitated from Levander’s research. Study III looks into the reuse and reordering of such representations. It provides an ethnographic account of a metapragmatically saturated exchange over Övdalsk grammar, in which descriptivist artefacts play an important part. Through an analysis of texts, in situ interaction, and interviews, the study seeks to grasp the ways in which textual renditions of grammar interrelate with practically sustained, socially recognized models of language and language use (i.e. registers). Study IV tracks the ways in which such visions of authenticity have been drawn into institutionally and politically invested metapragmatic exchanges. It looks into a process of naming of roads in Älvdalen, in which ideas about the contrast between Swedish and Övdalsk played a central part. In all studies, various visions of Övdalsk authenticity and authentic Övdalsk constitute a central theme. The thesis maintains that such visions must be understood in relation to the practices in which they hold currency. Following Silverstein, this epistemological stance entails an engagement with the dialectic between historical formations and situated exchange. Through this analytical orientation, the studies seek to account for the visions of authenticity that have been at the forefront of various symbolic struggles over Övdalsk. Thus, in addition to their respective analytical accounts, the separate studies seek to add shifting temporal horizons to the superordinate heuristic, combining a deep historical backdrop with accounts of protracted institutional processes and analyses of situated linguistic interaction. Ultimately, this mode of analysis provides an in-depth understanding of the object of inquiry.
|
|
