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- Lidström, Isak, et al.
(författare)
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Traditional sports and games among the Sami people in Northern Fennoscandia (Sapmi) : an ethnobiological perspective
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine. - : Springer Nature. - 1746-4269. ; 18:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionModern sports equipment is nowadays manufactured industrially according to globally accepted and standardized models, but traditionally tools for play and games were prepared from materials found in the local environment. The objective of this article is to investigate various aspects of Sami local knowledge about organisms used for their material culture of traditional sports and games in northern Fennoscandia (Sapmi). What functions did the surrounding biota have in the production of equipment used in sports and games?MethodsA qualitative method was used; the ethnographic literature and travel narratives have been analyzed particularly for descriptions and notes on traditional games, toys, and sports.ResultsBefore the turn of the twentieth century, bats, balls, and skis were seldom produced in factories, but by children and adults who utilized available materials from the surrounding environment. The manufacture of tools for play and games was characterized by a rich creativity in the use of various biological and natural resources. A wide range of such resources is presented in this article, among them the bracket fungus Fomitopsis betulina, used for making balls, reindeer antlers utilized for lassoing contests, and pine bark painted with reindeer blood, prepared for playing cards. We also highlight how tools usually associated with means of transport could switch functions and serve playful and competitive purposes, such as skis made of compression pine or walking sticks of birch: The former were used in skiing races, and the latter appeared in fencing competitions.ConclusionThe industrialization of the material culture of sports has been contributed to a loss of local knowledge and familiarity with locally available organic stuffs for producing equipment for play and games. By reconnecting with previous knowledge of traditional games, we discover a potentially new direction for modern sports and games, shifting from globalization to environmentalization. Such an environmentalization could permit the local environmental context define the content, meaning and structure of sports, and simultaneously enrich both sports and outdoor life.
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| 2. |
- Svanberg, Ingvar, et al.
(författare)
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Viking Games and Sámi Pastimes : Making Balls of Fomitopsis betulina
- 2019
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Ingår i: Ethnobiology Letters. - : SOC ETHNOBIOLOGY. - 2159-8126. ; 10:1, s. 86-96
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ethnomycology is the study of the bio-cultural aspects of human-fungal interactions. This article discusses the involvement of the bracket fungus Fomitopsis betulina within the material culture of traditional games. With a particular focus on the Nordic countries, the aim is to review and analyze the use of simple balls made of bracket fungi. We argue that the fungi ball can be considered the precursor of the rubber (and the gutta-percha) ball. Moreover, the replacement of fungi balls with rubber balls marks, to a certain extent, a temporal transition from traditional folk games with roots in pre-industrial society to modern sports in which balls and other equipment received a more standardized shape.
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| 6. |
- Al Fakir, Ida, 1978-
(författare)
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‘Rise up and walk!’ The Church of Sweden and the ‘problem of vagrancy’ in the early twentieth century
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of History. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0346-8755 .- 1502-7716. ; 47, s. 156-177
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article examines how people within the Church of Sweden’s leadership tried to solve ‘the problem of vagrancy’ in Sweden in the early twentieth century. In focus are the priest John Melander and the deacon Josef Flinth, who advocated and realized various activities for categories of poor and mobile men in the population. These interventions, defined as help-to-self-help, differentiated between the ‘worthy’ and the ‘unworthy’ needy. In publications and lectures, Melander and Flinth presented arguments to transfer ‘unworthy’ categories to the ‘worthy’, thereby expanding the community of value. This expansion was conditioned, however, by boundaries drawn regarding ideas on belonging and ethnicity. Working in the borderlands of the community as part of a Christian calling, Melander and Flinth contributed to the expansion of social work in the early twentieth century.
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200 år av kroppsbildning : Gymnastiska centralinstitutet / Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan 1813-2013
- 2013
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den 5 majl 1814 utfärdades ett kungligt brev med uppdrag åt Per Henrik Ling att i Stockholm inrätta ett institut för utbildning av gymnastiklärare. Det var början till Gymnastiska centralinstitutet (GCI), idag Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan. GIH är därmed världens äldsta verksamma offentliga lärosäte för utbildning av gymnastiklärare/lärare i idrott och hälsa och en unik institution inom svensk och internationell kroppskultur och högskoleväsende.GCI/GIH har varit tongivande inom svensk fysisk fostran under två sekel. Det gymnastiksystem som utvecklades med GCI som huvudman, linggymnastik, och som under 1800- och 1900-talen spreds över världen utgör Sveriges i särklass viktigaste bidrag till den internationella kroppskulturen.Dessutom har den svenska idrottsrörelsen sedan slutet av 1800-talet starkt påverkats av den verksamhet som bedrivits vid institutet/högskolan. Många är de aktiva, ledare och tränare som genomgått utbildningen på GCI/GIH och sedan med framgång verkat inom idrotter på olika nivåer.Med föreliggande antologi, där forskare från olika vetenskapliga discipliner medverkar, lyfts några perspektiv på den verksamhet som bedrivits vid GCI/GIH genom seklen: Tvåhundra år av kroppsbildning är i sanning en gärning väl värd att uppmärksamma.Innehåll:200 år av kroppsbildning : Gymnastiska centralinstitutet / Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, en introduktion / Hans Bolling och Leif Yttergren Gymnastik, nation och manlighet : grundandet av Gymnastiska centralinstitutet 1813 / Jens LjunggrenSvärdet, facklan och staven samt en ek på villovägar? : synen på sjuk och frisk vid GCI 1813 till cirka 1950 / Anders Ottosson Elin Falk, GCI och föreställningar om barnet : en analys av gymnastikstriden vid Stockholms folkskolor 1910-1913 / Pia Lundquist Wanneberg Sally Högström og det moderne kvindeprojekt : svensk gymnastik og GCI's betydning i Danmark / Else Trangbæk Pionjärer med moraliskt mod : ett sekel med en kvinnlig lärarutbildning i kroppsövning / Suzanne Lundvall och Jane Meckbach Rationell träning : GCI:s fysiologiska forskning i möte med samhälle och idrott / Daniel Svensson och Sverker Sörlin Från exercis och dagövningar till Idrott och hälsa : skolans fysiska övningar / Björn Sandahl Idrottsvetenskap - läran om ... idrott? : en nutidshistoria om forskarutbildningsämnet idrottsvetenskap / Håkan Larsson Hövdingarna : GCI/GIH:s chefer under 200 år / Jan Lindroth
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- Al Fakir, Ida, 1978-
(författare)
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Guarding the boundaries of belonging: the Church of Sweden, Gypsy mission and social care in the 1910s–40s
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Review of History. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1350-7486 .- 1469-8293. ; , s. 1-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Historically, social welfare providers have defined social and ethnic minorities such as ‘vagrants’ and Romani people as non-deserving and thus excluded them from their work. Gradually during the nineteenth century, however, Christian actors and organizations across Europe were among the first to recognize Romani groups as legitimate targets of relief. The operations required boundary changes where previously undeserving categories were transferred to deserving, thus becoming legitimate targets of relief. The article discusses the Church of Sweden’s social care for minorities, with a special focus on Romani groups from the 1910s to the 1940s. At that point, Protestant social work was permeated by conservative paternalism and focused on changing the individual through interventions defined as help-to-self-help, rather than challenging the unjust social structures in Swedish society. However, welfare measures were enacted differently depending on the majority/minority position of the individual; the recognition or rejection of minority rights affected the distribution and content of Lutheran social welfare. Examining church-led or church-endorsed activities, the contribution sheds light on the differentiation of social and ethnic subgroups and brings nuance to a field that has overlooked the Swedish state church as a welfare provider in the twentieth century. The instances of intersection between and sometimes confusion of social and ethnic boundaries serve as examples of the historicity of such boundaries and churchmen’s contribution to establishing these.
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- Al Fakir, Ida, 1978-
(författare)
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Spotlighted or Hidden in Plain Sight : Consequences of the Post-War Ban on Ethnic Registration in Sweden
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: Historical Explorations of Modern Epidemiology. - Cham, Switzerland : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783031206702 - 9783031206719 ; , s. 113-133
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 1945 census was the last to record ethnicity in Sweden, and in 1973, registering ethnicity became virtually illegal. Swedish population statistics and official health and social registers therefore do not contain information on the ethnic background of the people registered. Exploring socio-medical and epidemiological research in Sweden from the 1940s to the 1980s, the chapter discusses the tension between ethical and legal constraints on the one hand, and the scientific, administrative, and political need for accurate information on minority and ethnic groups on the other. Three alternative research strategies to substitute for the lack of data on ethnicity are identified: using alternative but related categories such as nationality, country of birth, or immigrant status; “reading ethnicity” from pre-existing data collections; and conducting time-consuming and costly special studies designed to enable researchers to bypass the proscription of ethnic registration. These strategies have produced new epidemiological and socio-medical understandings concerning ethnicity and health/disease. However, as certain groups and categories have been statistically more available or visible in society than others, an uneven body of knowledge has evolved. In effect, some minorities have been spotlighted while others have remained hidden in plain sight.
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