| 1. |
- Koch, Daniel, 1976
(författare)
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A cortege of ghostly bodies: Abstraction, prothesis, and the logic of the mannequin
- 2017
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Ingår i: Architecture and Feminisms: Ecologies, economies, technologies. - 9781138304871 ; , s. 99-105
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bodies are both present and thoroughly gendered in commercial environments – and, by extension, in public space. Such gendered presence is addressed in studies of both the historical evolution and current conditions of consumption and public space alike, which show that it takes many, varied forms.[1] Where much discourse on bodies in such spaces tends to focus on photographic and video material – in magazines, on billboards, and on shopfronts – somewhat less attention has been given to the role of mannequins (here, specifically wax and plastic mannequin ‘dolls’ used to display fashion in shopfronts and inside stores). Mannequins clearly perform something other than the photographic material used to display fashion: they are less detailed, less formulated, and less expressive.[2] This is not due to an inability to make mannequins more ‘real’. Considering their prevalence and gendered presence and distribution, it is worth considering how they specifically contribute to processes of subjectification, embodiment, identity, and fashion negotiation.[3] This project builds on four primary sources: empirical research into commercial space, specifically two department stores;[4] Vanessa Osborne’s ‘The Logic of the Mannequin’;[5] Gilles Châtelet’s discussions on diagrams, space, and abstraction-prothesis processes;[6] and an experimental, explorative study undertaken at Dansmuseet (the Museum of Dance and Movement) in Stockholm in 2012.[7] The project aims to develop our understanding of how mannequins operate in commercial space and society – specifically, how in their abstraction these inanimate objects not only allow for but in fact demand completion from observers.
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| 2. |
- Koch, Daniel, 1976-
(författare)
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On Architectural Space and Modes of Subjectivity : Producing the Material Conditions for Creative-Productive Activity
- 2018
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Ingår i: Urban Planning. - : Cogitatio. - 2183-7635. ; 3:3, s. 70-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses extended implications of Lefebvre’s The Production of Space in the context of contemporary global neoliberalism, by focus on its presence in architectural space as lived space and spatial practice. The main discussion concerns Lefebvre’s concepts of abstract space, in relation to Felix Guattari’s three ecologies, and the Aristotelean triad of aisthesis, poiesis and techné. The focus here concerns material architectural space and its relation to modes of subjectivity, especially creative-productive versus consuming subjectivities. The argument begins by elaborating on an understanding of abstract space as present in material architectural space as pervasive processes of disassociation of materiality and labor, and proceeds to through these concepts discuss modes of subjectivity—the dependence of abstract space on subjects as consumers—and the way this relates to challenges of sustainability. It further points to the importance of architectural space considered as built material environment for creative-productive modes of subjectivity which challenge abstract space and in extension consumer society, by offering potential dispositions that set subjects in a different relation to the world.
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| 3. |
- Abshirini, Ehsan, et al.
(författare)
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Flood hazard and its impact on the resilience of cities : An accessibility-based approach to amenities in the city of Gothenburg, Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings - 11th International Space Syntax Symposium, SSS 2017. - : Instituto Superior Tecnico, Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Arquitetura e Georrecursos. - 9789729899447 ; , s. 36.1-36.15
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the wake of climate change and its impact on increasing the number and intensity of floods, adaptability of cities to and resistance against the flood hazard is critical to retain functionality of the cities. Vulnerability of urban infrastructure and its resilience to flooding from different points of view have been important and worth investigating for experts in different fields of science. Flood hazards as physical phenomena are influenced by form of the cities and thus the magnitude of their impacts can be intensified by urban infrastructures such as street networks and buildings (Bacchin et. al, 2011). In this paper, we aim to develop a method to assess the resilience of a river city (the city of Gothenburg in Sweden), which is prone to flood events, against such disturbances and find out how the city reacts to river floods and to what extent the city retains its accessibility to essential amenities after a flood occurs. To do so, collecting required data; we, firstly, simulate flood inundation with two different return periods (50 and 1000 years) and then the impact areas overlay on the street networks. Evaluating the resilience of the city, syntactic properties of the street networks before and after flooding are measured at different scales. Additionally, accessibility and the minimum distance of the street networks to essential amenities such as healthcare centers, schools and commercial centers, at a medium distance (3 Km) is examined. The results show that flooding influences the city configuration at global scale more than the local scale based on comparison of syntactic properties before and after flooding. However, the results of accessibility and the minimum distance show that the impact of flooding on the functionality of the city is more limited to the riparian areas and the city is not affected globally.
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| 4. |
- Abshirini, Ehsan, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Visibility Analysis, Similarity and Dissimilarity in General Trends of Building Layouts and their Functions
- 2013
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Ingår i: Proceedings of Ninth International Space Syntax Symposium. - Seoul : Sejong University Press. - 9788986177213 ; , s. 11:1-11:15
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Visibility analysis is one of the key methods in space syntax theory that discusses visual information conveyed to observers from any location in space that is potentially directly visible for the observer without any obstruction. Visibility – simply defined as what we can see – not only affects the spatial function of buildings, but also has visual relation to the perception of buildings by inhabitants and visitors. In this paper we intend to present the result of visibility analysis applied on a sample of building layouts of different sizes and functions from a variety of places of periods. The main aim of this paper is to statistically explore the general trends of building layouts and show if and how visibility properties such as connectivity, clustering coefficient, mean depth, entropy, and integration values can make distinctions among different functions of buildings. Our findings reveal that there are significant correlation coefficients among global properties of visibility in which we consider the mean value of properties, a similarity suggesting that they are not intensively manipulated by architecture. On the other hand, there are correlations although less so than the previous, still significant among local properties of visibility in which we consider the (max-min) value of properties, suggesting that social, cultural or other physical parameters distinguish buildings individually. We also show that functions such as ‘museum’ and ‘veterinary’ are relatively well-clustered, while functions such as ‘ancient’ and ‘shopping’ show high diversity. In addition, using a decision tree model we show that, in our sample, functions such as ‘museum’ and ‘library’ are more predictable rather than functions such as ‘hospital’ and ‘shopping.’ All of these mean that – at least in our sample – the usability and applicability of well-clustered and well-predicted functions have been predominant in shaping their interior spaces; vice versa, in well-diverse and unpredicted functions, the pragmatic solutions of people’s daily life developed in material culture affect the visual properties of their interior spaces.
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| 5. |
- Berghauser Pont, Meta, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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PST
- 2019
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Annan publikation (mjukvara/multimedium) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- PST is a tool for performing space syntax and regular accessibility analyses. It currently consists of two main parts - a C++ and Python library called Pstalgo and a plugin for the desktop application QGIS.PST is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. The GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change all versions of a program--to make sure it remains free software for all its users.For latest download visit either the Chalmers publication page, or find "Releases" on the Github page.
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| 6. |
- Borrion, Hervé, et al.
(författare)
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Architecture
- 2018. - 1
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Ingår i: Routledge Handbook of Crime Science. - New York : Routledge. - 9780415826266 - 9780203431405 ; , s. 145-166
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter focuses on crime prevention in relation to architecture as a discipline and as built material environment. It discusses earlier research and presents developments from the EU project ‘Resilient Infrastructure and Building Security’ (RIBS). In the chapter, we insist on the term ‘architecture’ (instead of the ostensibly more neutral term ‘built environment’) as historical, social, aesthetical and cultural values ought to be considered in crime prevention discussions. The chapter begins with an overview of the main principles and theoretical developments in the field of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED). This is followed by a section illustrating important contributions that architects have made to the instantiation of criminological principles. The last section of the chapter presents computational tools that have been developed to support architects in designing more secure and more resilient buildings. We conclude with critically examining and discussing what contribution these elements have made to enhance and nuance CPTED concepts, methods and practices.
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| 7. |
- Borrion, Hervé, et al.
(författare)
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Architecture
- 2019
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Ingår i: Routledge Handbook of Crime Science. - 9780415826266 ; , s. 145-166
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter focuses on crime prevention in relation to architecture as a discipline and as built material environment. It discusses earlier research and presents developments from the EU project ‘Resilient Infrastructure and Building Security’ (RIBS). In the chapter, we insist on the term ‘architecture’ (instead of the ostensibly more neutral term ‘built environment’) as historical, social, aesthetical and cultural values ought to be considered in crime prevention discussions. The chapter begins with an overview of the main principles and theoretical developments in the field of Crime Prevention through Environmental Design (CPTED). This is followed by a section illustrating important contributions that architects have made to the instantiation of criminological principles. The last section of the chapter presents computational tools that have been developed to support architects in designing more secure and more resilient buildings. We conclude with critically examining and discussing what contribution these elements have made to enhance and nuance CPTED concepts, methods and practices.
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| 8. |
- Borrion, Herve, et al.
(författare)
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Integrating Architecture and Crime Science : A Transdisciplinary Challenge
- 2017
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Ingår i: Transdisciplinary Higher Education. - Berlin : Springer. - 9783319561844 - 9783319561851 ; , s. 91-107
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of products and urban structures on citizens’ security has been explored and exploited across civilisations. Rarely, though, has the research in this field been as vibrant as now. Examples of research and development work can be found in many disciplines and on various scales. They concern the design of street furniture to prevent bicycle theft, identification of urban topological structures that can reduce drug dealing, development of structures that can resist pressure waves from explosive devices, and improvement of buildings’ resilience to toxic agents. In spite of this breadth of knowledge, there is still a significant gap between architecture, design and crime science. To shed a light on the underexploited connections between these disciplines, we examine the cultural and methodological differences that characterise them. Using the problem-solving approach promoted by crime scientists as support for cross-disciplinary analysis, we then discuss its compatibility with architecture and design practices. Finally, we summarise our analysis with a list of recommendations for the development of postgraduate course curricula that support collaborative work in security and crime science.
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| 9. |
- Borrion, Hervé, et al.
(författare)
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The Problem with Crime Problem-Solving : Towards a Second Generation Pop?
- 2020
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Ingår i: British Journal of Criminology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0007-0955 .- 1464-3529. ; 60:1, s. 219-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In his 2018 Stockholm prize winner lecture, Goldstein highlighted the need for problem-oriented policing (POP) to be not only effective but also fair. Contributing to the development of POP, this study examines how a wider perspective on problem-solving generally, and scoping in particular, can be adopted to address some of the growing challenges in 21st century policing. We demonstrate that the concept of ‘problem’ was too narrowly defined and that, as a result, many problem-solving models found in criminology are ill-structured to minimize the negative side-effects of interventions and deliver broader benefits. Problem-solving concepts and models are compared across disciplines and recommendations are made to improve POP, drawing on examples in architecture, conservation science, industrial ecology and ethics.
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| 10. |
- Dincel, Seren, et al.
(författare)
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Light formed through urban morphology and different organism groups: First findings from a systematic review.
- 2024
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Ingår i: IOP Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1755-1307 .- 1755-1315. ; 1320, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevailing implementation and usage of contemporary lighting technologies and designpractices in cities have created over-illuminated built environments. Recent studies indicate that exposureto electric lighting effects formed through spatial characteristics has visual, physiological, andbehavioural effects on both humans and non-humans, such as wildlife. In order to gain a betterunderstanding of the impact that electric lighting has on space and different organism groups, acomprehensive literature review was conducted applying PRISMA 2020 systematic review guidelines.Results of the searches from various databases, such as Web of Science, PubMed and Scopus, identified5260 related studies. A total of 55 papers connected to four themes: (1) urban morphology; (2) humanvisual impressions; (3) ecological impacts; and (4) design approaches and methods were analysed with afocus on urban morphology. The review provided the following general findings: lighting propertiesalone are inadequate to depict visual impressions of pedestrians, patterns formed through light interactingwith spatial characteristics can contribute to understanding how spaces are visually perceived and helpcharacterising the exposure of wildlife organisms to potential disturbances.
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