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1.
  • Andersson, Annica, et al. (författare)
  • Relationship between the Contents of Bioactive Components in Grain and the Release Dates of Wheat Lines in the HEALTHGRAIN Diversity Screen
  • 2011
  • Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 59, s. 928-933
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The EU FP6 HEALTHGRAIN has generated an extensive database on the contents of phytochemicals (alkylresorcinols, tocols, sterols, phenolic acids, folates) and dietary fiber components in the grain of wheat, including analyses of 150 lines grown on a single site in Hungary in 2005 and a smaller set of lines grown under five (three lines) or six (23 lines) different environments (in Hungary in 2005, 2006, and 2007 and in France, Poland, and the United Kingdom in 2007). The lines analyzed included land races and varieties bred between the mid-19th and early 21st centuries. These results have been analyzed to determine whether the contents of these groups of bioactive components in the grain have decreased with the development of intensive plant breeding in the second part of the 20th century. No decreases in the contents of any groups of bioactive components were observed in relation to release date, showing that selection for increased yield and protein quality has been effectively neutral for other grain components.
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  • Andersson, Annica, et al. (författare)
  • Alkylresorcinols in wheat and rye flour and bread
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of Food Composition and Analysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0889-1575 .- 1096-0481. ; 23, s. 794-801
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The alkylresorcinol (AR) content and relative homologue composition were determined in Norwegian flours and bread. The following average values for total AR content (mu g/g dm) were found: wholegrain wheat flour available only to bakers (490) and to both consumers and bakers (710), refined wheat flour (36), wheat bran (3625), wholegrain spelt wheat flour (650), refined spelt wheat flour (80), wholegrain rye flour (972), refined rye flour (90) and rye bran (2753). The C17:0/C21:0 ratio was 0.1 for wheat and 0.8-0.9 for rye, confirming that it can be used to distinguish between wheat and rye. The AR content of Norwegian refined wheat flour was higher than that of Swedish, due to a consistently higher milling extraction rate in Norway. The content of AR varied from 27 to 2766 mu g/g dm in hard bread and 21 to 548 mu g/g dm in soft bread. The highest contents were found in bread with a high proportion of wholegrain flour and/or bran, in agreement with earlier studies. There was a good correlation (r = 0.91) and a high compliance between calculated and analysed AR levels in soft bread, confirming that AR can be used as a biomarker for wholegrain wheat and/or rye content in a cereal product. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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  • Andersson, Annica, et al. (författare)
  • Down-Regulation of the CSLF6 Gene Results in Decreased (1,3;1,4)-beta-D-Glucan in Endosperm of Wheat
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 152, s. 1209-1218
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • (1,3; 1,4)-beta-D-Glucan (beta-glucan) accounts for 20% of the total cell walls in the starchy endosperm of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and is an important source of dietary fiber for human nutrition with potential health benefits. Bioinformatic and array analyses of gene expression profiles in developing caryopses identified the CELLULOSE SYNTHASE-LIKE F6 (CSLF6) gene as encoding a putative beta-glucan synthase. RNA interference constructs were therefore designed to down-regulate CSLF6 gene expression and expressed in transgenic wheat under the control of a starchy endosperm-specific HMW subunit gene promoter. Analysis of wholemeal flours using an enzyme-based kit and by high-performance anion-exchange chromatography after digestion with lichenase showed decreases in total beta-glucan of between 30% and 52% and between 36% and 53%, respectively, in five transgenic lines compared to three control lines. The content of water-extractable beta-glucan was also reduced by about 50% in the transgenic lines, and the M-r distribution of the fraction was decreased from an average of 79 to 85 X 10(4) g/mol in the controls and 36 to 57 x 10(4) g/mol in the transgenics. Immunolocalization of beta-glucan in semithin sections of mature and developing grains confirmed that the impact of the transgene was confined to the starchy endosperm with little or no effect on the aleurone or outer layers of the grain. The results confirm that the CSLF6 gene of wheat encodes a b-glucan synthase and indicate that transgenic manipulation can be used to enhance the health benefits of wheat products.
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8.
  • Andersson, Annica, et al. (författare)
  • Effects of Environment and Variety on Alkylresorcinols in Wheat in the HEALTHGRAIN Diversity Screen
  • 2010
  • Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 58, s. 9299-9305
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Alkylresorcinols (AR), phenolic lipids found in high amounts in whole grain wheat and rye, can be used as biomarkers for these cereals. The content (on a dry matter basis) and homologue composition of AR were determined in 26 wheat varieties grown in Hungary in 2005-2007, as well as in the United Kingdom, France, and Poland in 2007. There was a significant effect of year, location, and variety on both total AR and individual AR homologue content (p < 0.001). A warm and dry climate generally resulted in higher AR contents, whereas high precipitation especially during plant development and grain-filling resulted in lower contents. There was a significant negative correlation between AR content and thousand-kernel weight (p < 0.001), which may be explained by the warm and dry climate giving smaller kernels with higher AR content. The difference between varieties was generally consistent, with highest and lowest AR contents for the same varieties during different years and at different locations (p < 0.001). Total AR content was correlated with the relative proportions of the different homologues, with a relatively lower concentration of homologues C17:0 and C19:0 and a lower C17:0/C12:0 ratio at higher overall contents. The results show that AR content is a highly heritable phytochemical component but that it is also affected by the environment.
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9.
  • Andersson, Annica, et al. (författare)
  • Natural Variation in Grain Composition of Wheat and Related Cereals
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0021-8561 .- 1520-5118. ; 61, s. 8295-8303
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The wheat grain comprises three groups of major components, starch, protein, and cell wall polysaccharides (dietary fiber), and a range of minor components that may confer benefits to human health. Detailed analyses of dietary fiber and other bioactive components were carried out under the EU FP6 HEALTHGRAIN program on 150 bread wheat lines grown on a single site, 50 lines of other wheat species and other cereals grown on the same site, and 2326 bread wheat lines grown in six environments. Principal component analysis allowed the 150 bread wheat lines to be classified on the basis of differences in their contents of bioactive components and wheat species (bread, durum, spelt, emmer, and einkorn wheats) to be clearly separated from related cereals (barley, rye, and oats). Such multivariate analyses could be used to define substantial equivalence when novel (including transgenic) cereals are considered.
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10.
  • Andersson, Agneta, et al. (författare)
  • Oförändrad insulinkänslighet och lipidperoxidation efter ökat intag av fullkornsprodukter hos friska män och kvinnor.
  • 2006
  • Ingår i: Livsmedelsforskardagarna.
  • Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
    • Flertalet epidemilogiska studier har visat positiva hälsoeffekter av ett högt intag av fullkornsprodukter. Framförallt är en minska risk för hjärtinfarkt/sjukdom visad, och datatalar även för en minskad risk för typ 2 diabetes. Mekanismerna bakom fullkornets positiva effekter är dock fortfarande oklara. Såväl en förbättrad insulinkänslighet som en minskad förekomst av lipidperoxidation och inflammation har föreslagits, vilket vi därför önskade undersöka i denna studie.I en randomiserad cross-over design deltog 30 lätt överviktiga (BMI 282) kvinnor (n=22) och män (n=8). Under två på varandra följande 6 veckors perioder fick deltagarna antingen cerealieprodukter med fullkorn eller utan fullkorn. En standardiserad mängd (3 skivor mjukt bröd, 2 skivor hårt bröd, 1 portion musli/gryn och 1 portion pasta/ris) inkluderades dagligen i deras vanliga kost. Perifer insulinkänslighet mättes med euglykemisk hyperinsulinemisk clampteknik. Lipidperoxidationsmarkören 8-iso-PGF2 mättes i urin och inflammationsmarkörerna CRP och IL-6 mättes i plasma. Kostinterventionen monitorerades med hjälp av vägda kostregisteringar och dagboksnoteringar.Kostregistreringarna bekräftade ett högre intag av fiber och flertalet mineralämnen under fullkornsperioden jämfört med icke-fullkornsperioden. Vi fann dock ingen förbättring av insulinkänsligheten och inte heller någon förändring av lipidperoxidation eller inflammationsmarkörer.Att ersätta icke-fullkorns produkter med fullkorn under en 6 veckors period hos vuxna lätt överviktiga friska män och kvinnor gav således ingen mätbar effekt på vare sig insulinkänslighet, lipidperoxidation eller inflammationsmarkörer. Frågan om vilka mekanismerna som ligger bakom de positiva hälsoeffekterna av fullkornsprodukter kvarstår och längre koststudier på deltagare med varierande metaboltstatus behövs.
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