| 1. |
- Abtahi, Farhad, et al.
(författare)
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Software tool for analysis of breathing-related errors in transthoracic electrical bioimpedance spectroscopy measurements
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics, Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 407:1, s. 012028-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the last decades, Electrical Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (EBIS) has been applied in a range of different applications and mainly using the frequency sweep-technique. Traditionally the tissue under study is considered to be timeinvariant and dynamic changes of tissue activity are ignored and instead treated as a noise source. This assumption has not been adequately tested and could have a negative impact and limit the accuracy for impedance monitoring systems. In order to successfully use frequency-sweeping EBIS for monitoring time-variant systems, it is paramount to study the effect of frequency-sweep delay on Cole Model-based analysis. In this work, we present a software tool that can be used to simulate the influence of respiration activity in frequency-sweep EBIS measurements of the human thorax and analyse the effects of the different error sources. Preliminary results indicate that the deviation on the EBIS measurement might be significant at any frequency, and especially in the impedance plane. Therefore the impact on Cole-model analysis might be different depending on method applied for Cole parameter estimation.
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| 2. |
- Alassi, Sepideh, et al.
(författare)
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Estimating blood flow based on 2D angiographic image sequences
- 2012
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Ingår i: Bildverarbeitung für die Medizin 2012 : Algorithmen - Systeme - Anwendungen. Proceedings des Workshops vom 18. bis 20. März 2012 in Berlin. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag New York. ; , s. 380-385
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The assessment of hemodynamics based on medical image data represents an attractive means in order to enhance diagnostic imaging capabilities, to evaluate clinical outcomes of therapies focusing on the patient's vascular system, as well as to guide minimally invasive interventional procedures in the catheter lab. We present a first evaluation along with comparisons of algorithmic approaches towards the quantitative determination of blood flow based on 2D angiography image data.
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| 3. |
- Albabtain, Reham, et al.
(författare)
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Investigations of a Possible Chemical Effect of Salvadora persica Chewing Sticks
- 2017
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Ingår i: Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1741-427X .- 1741-4288.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Salvadora persica is commonly used chewing sticks in many parts of the world as an oral hygiene tool. This study measured the amount of benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) released into the mouth and assessed its retention time in saliva. The study also tested if the released amount of BITC could potentially be antibacterial or cytotoxic. Twelve subjects brushed their teeth with fresh Miswak once, twice, and four times. The amount of BITC in the saliva and in the used brushes was quantified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The antibacterial effect of BITC and Miswak essential oil (MEO) was tested against Haemophilus influenzae, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. The cytotoxic effect on gingival fibroblasts and keratinocytes was tested using MTT. The highest amount of the active compounds was detected in saliva after using the Miswak tip for once and immediately. It significantly decreased when the Miswak tip was used more than once and thus after 10 min. The growth of the tested bacteria was inhibited by MEO and BITC in a dose dependent manner, P. gingivalis being the most sensitive. MTT assay showed that BITC and MEO were cytotoxic towards gingival fibroblasts while oral keratinocytes showed resistance. This study suggests that the Miswak tip should be cut before each use to ensure the maximum effect.
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| 4. |
- Alsved, M., et al.
(författare)
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Temperature-controlled airflow ventilation in operating rooms compared with laminar airflow and turbulent mixed airflow
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Hospital Infection. - : W B SAUNDERS CO LTD. - 0195-6701 .- 1532-2939. ; 98:2, s. 181-190
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To evaluate three types of ventilation systems for operating rooms with respect to air cleanliness [in colony-forming units (cfu/m(3))], energy consumption and comfort of working environment (noise and draught) as reported by surgical team members. Methods: Two commonly used ventilation systems, vertical laminar airflow (LAF) and turbulent mixed airflow (TMA), were compared with a newly developed ventilation technique, temperature-controlled airflow (T(c)AF). The cfu concentrations were measured at three locations in an operating room during 45 orthopaedic procedures: close to the wound (<40 cm), at the instrument table and peripherally in the room. The operating team evaluated the comfort of the working environment by answering a questionnaire. Findings: LAF and T(c)AF, but not TMA, resulted in less than 10 cfu/m(3) at all measurement locations in the room during surgery. Median values of cfu/m(3) close to the wound (250 samples) were 0 for LAF, 1 for T(c)AF and 10 for TMA. Peripherally in the room, the cfu concentrations were lowest for T(c)AF. The cfu concentrations did not scale proportionally with airflow rates. Compared with LAF, the power consumption of T(c)AF was 28% lower and there was significantly less disturbance from noise and draught. Conclusion: T(c)AF and LAF remove bacteria more efficiently from the air than TMA, especially close to the wound and at the instrument table. Like LAF, the new T(c)AF ventilation system maintained very low levels of cfu in the air, but T(c)AF used substantially less energy and provided a more comfortable working environment than LAF. This enables energy savings with preserved air quality.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Jonas E, 1964-, et al.
(författare)
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Arkitektur för Bo bra på äldre dar : tre tävlingar i Burlöv, Gävle och Linköping
- 2013
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish governmental two year program “Growing old, Living well” was launched in 2010 with the specific intent to create innovation regarding housing for both able and frail older people. The program has been administered by the Swedish Institute for Assistive Technology (SIAT), which has diffused the allocation of 50 million Swedish crowns into various projects and studies about housing for the ageing generation. Sweden is entering the ageing country in which the group of people aged 65 years and above attains approximately 19 per cent. Apart from regular case studies on different phenomena that occur in relation to older people and housing, the Swedish government designated the architectural competition as an instrument for renewing contemporaneous thinking about ordinary and special housing for older people. National architecture competitions have been used to define space for dependent persons. These competitions have preceded reforms of the social act. In a parallel track, local architecture competitions have resulted in new housing for older people who still able reside within the stock of ordinary housing. According to the SIAT, a total of 18 municipalities requested information about the conditions and possibilities for acquiring finical support for the organization of architecture competitions or studies about housing for senior citizen. Of these, seven applied for funding to organize competitions, but five local organizers were granted funding. Later, two municipalities suspended their competitions due to unforeseen obstacles. The program has resulted in three architectural competitions. The objective for these competitions has been to infuse creative thinking and future-oriented solutions concerning housing for the older people. The present study will shed light on how a municipal actor works with these matters and will supply a time estimate for such a planning process. The study focuses on the three municipal architectural competitions and the two pilot studies that were used as supplementary source of information regarding housing preferences. Supplemented by written documentation, the process of realizing an architecture competition or a pilot study has been reconstructed as to its dynamics. The methodology includes an inventory of competitions, case studies, document review and interviews of key-persons. By use of the competition documentation and the pilot studies, 74 informants were possible to delimit as to their participation in the process. The decisive reason for why the governmental program Growing Older - Living Well didn’t get a better response from the municipalities lies in the timetable for the national initiative. The governmental program was not coordinated with municipal planning processes for housing. Only municipals that already started their planning could consider organizing competitions. The competitions were organized as invited competitions with a prequalification procedure. Prequalification is a selection procedure used early in the competition process to identify suitable candidates for the following design phase. Three to four teams of architects have been invited to develop design proposals. Based on the study, a set comprising of thirty detailed conclusions can be made about the municipal competitions that were arranged with support from the governmental program. However, they all converge into an overarching conclusion that states the direct link between the wording of the competition brief and the participating architects’ inclination to rethink the design task in a fundamental or moderate approach. The study concludes that the better the arranger prepare the competition brief, the more accurately will the participating architects convert this text into future-oriented architecture for older people that is active on a comprehensive level as well as on the detailed level one.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Jonas E, 1964-
(författare)
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Calamities and controversies around resilient architecture for ageing : life course perspective on an exemplary Swedish residential care home
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Age is a delicate matter, but the Swedish welfare state is ageing and has an increasingly larger propor-tion of elderly people, about 19 per cent (Sweden Statistics, 2014). Since the election campaign in 2006, the matter of appropriate housing and caregiving for older frail persons has been a reoccurring item on the political agenda. Governmental delegations and programmes have ventured out into the great unknown territory of architectural experiences and age-related problems. However, one existing residential care home, in the following RCH, pops up as an exemplary and universal model for architec-ture and the frail ageing process, the residential care home of Vigs Ängar.Initiated as a mutual initiative in the early 1990s, between a local anthroposophical interest group and the municipality of Ystad, Sweden, its creation and existence describe a troublesome tension between legal frameworks, managerial systems for eldercare, facility management and idealistic visions for fu-ture-oriented caregiving. Despite a 20 year existence, this exemplary model has resulted in few similar facilities, both architecture-wise and eldercare-wise. Instead, a large number of national and interna-tional study visits have turned the building along with caregiving into an open smorgasbord consisting of architectural elements or therapeutic approaches, subject to free sampling and tasting. To some extent, the anthroposophical label has clouded the resilient approach in architectural design and care-giving for the frail stages in life.The focus of this paper was to go behind semantics and unravel the generating images that constitute the fundamental reason for the exemplary status of the RCH in question. Critical analysis has been applied as a research method in order to scrutinize documents and drawings that originate from the design process. Random conversations and interviews with various informants associated with the RCH, among which the architect, have been executed over the period 2007-2013. This study suggests that the key factor in this successful realization of an RCH is the solid idea for a resilient architecture. This idea encompasses both ephemeral and tangible experiences of space that structure both the older person’s quality in life as well as the individual staff member’s satisfaction with the work envi-ronment. In that sense, the RCH of Vigs Ängar is more of a spatial sensation than an anthroposophical epiphany.
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