| 1. |
- Bjursell, Cecilia, 1970-, et al.
(author)
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Education level explains participation in work and education later in life
- 2017
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In: Educational gerontology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0360-1277 .- 1521-0472. ; 43:10, s. 511-521
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A prolonged working life is crucial for sustaining social welfare and fiscal stability for countries facing ageing populations. The group of older adults is not homogeneous; however, differences within the group may affect the propensity to continue working and to participate in continuing education. The aim of this paper is to explore how participation in work and education vary with gender, age, and education level in a sample of older adults. The study was performed in Sweden, a context characterized by high female labour-market-participation rates and a high average retirement age. The participants were 232 members of four of the major senior citizens? organizations. We found no differences in participation in work and education based on gender. People older than 75 years were found to be as active as people 65?75 years old in education, but the older group worked less. There were positive associations between education level and participation in both work and education. Hence, this study implies that socio-economic inequalities along these dimensions are widened later in life. This highlights the importance of engaging workers with lower education levels in educational efforts throughout life. It also emphasizes the need for true lifelong learning in society.
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| 2. |
- Fagerström, Cecilia, Docent, 1973-, et al.
(author)
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Everyday Health among Older People : A Comparison between Two Countries with Variant Life Conditions
- 2017
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In: Journal of Aging Research. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-2204 .- 2090-2212. ; 2017
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study described health factors of importance for everyday health, such as pain, tiredness, and sleeping problems, in a cross-national context. Data for persons 60+ years were obtained from the Poverty and Health in Aging study, Bangladesh, and the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care-Blekinge. The strongest associations with everyday health in Sweden were found for pain and tiredness, while in Bangladesh they were financial status, tiredness, and sleeping problems. As similarities were found regarding the associations of tiredness on everyday health, tiredness may be a universal predictor of everyday health in older adults irrespective of country context.
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| 3. |
- Finkel, Deborah, et al.
(author)
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Functional Aging Index Complements Frailty in Prediction of Entry into Care and Mortality.
- 2019
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In: The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences. - : Oxford University Press. - 1079-5006 .- 1758-535X. ; 74:12, s. 1980-1986
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The aim was to develop a functional aging index (FAI) that taps four body systems: sensory (vision and hearing), pulmonary, strength (grip strength), and movement/balance (gait speed) and to test the predictive value of FAI for entry into care and mortality.METHOD: Growth curve models and cox regression models were applied to data from 1695 individuals from three Swedish longitudinal studies of aging. Participants were aged 45 to 93 at intake and data from up to 8 follow-up waves were available.RESULTS: The rate of change in FAI was twice as fast after age 75 as before, women demonstrated higher mean FAI, but no sex differences in rates of change with chronological age were identified. FAI predicted entry into care and mortality, even when chronological age and a frailty index were included in the models. Hazard ratios indicated FAI was a more important predictor of entry into care for men than women; whereas it was a stronger predictor of mortality for men than women.CONCLUSIONS: Measures of biological aging and functional aging differ in their predictive value for entry into care and mortality for men and women, suggesting that both are necessary for a complete picture of the aging process across genders.
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| 4. |
- Fredriksson, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Effects of mobile video-mediated communication for health care professionals in advanced home care of children
- 2014
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In: 27th IEEE International Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems. - Los Alamitos, California : IEEE Computer Society. - 9781479944354 ; , s. 363-368, s. 363-368
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper we explore the use of a mobile video-conferencing tool (MVCT) in advanced home care of children. We present the results from a qualitative study where we have evaluated mobile video communication between the patient's home and the hospital unit. Our results show that mobile video enhances communication between home care teams and medical staff at the unit, makes more effective use of practitioners' time and that the equipment have additional values for staff that extend beyond video communication. Challenges identified are related to technical problems, limitations in the MVCT's design and the concern that the inability to handle problems may affect health care professionals' role as an authority. The benefits of the MVCT rely to a great extent on individual users' creativity and the willingness of key actors in the organization's management to find ways of improving the present home care format.
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| 5. |
- Ichien, Nicholas, et al.
(author)
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Advancing with age : Older adults excel in comprehension of novel metaphors.
- 2024
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In: Psychology and Aging. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0882-7974 .- 1939-1498.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Older adults may experience certain forms of cognitive decline, but some forms of semantic memory remain intact in older age. To address how metaphor comprehension changes with age and whether metaphor comprehension relies more heavily on analogical reasoning (supported by fluid intelligence) or on conceptual combination (supported by crystalized intelligence), we compared performance of younger and older adults. In two experiments, healthy older adults (54-88 years) scored lower on a measure of fluid intelligence (Ravens Progressive Matrices) but higher on a measure of crystalized intelligence (Mill Hill Vocabulary Test) relative to younger adults (18-34 years). Groups were equally successful in comprehending relatively easy metaphors (Study 1), but older adults showed a striking advantage over younger adults for novel literary metaphors (Study 2). Mixed-effects modeling showed that measures of fluid and crystalized intelligence each made separable contributions to metaphor comprehension for both groups, but older adults relied more on crystalized intelligence than did younger adults. These age-related dissociations clarify cognitive effects of aging and highlight the importance of crystalized intelligence for metaphor comprehension in both younger and older adults.
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| 6. |
- Josephson, Maria, Fil. Dr, 1978-
(author)
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”Begreppet slår på den som redan ligger”
- 2021
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In: Svenska Dagbladet. - : Svenska dagbladets AB & Co. - 1101-2412. ; :2021-04-14
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Lee, San, et al.
(author)
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Impact of data extraction errors in meta-analyses on the association between depression and peripheral inflammatory biomarkers : an umbrella review
- 2023
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In: Psychological Medicine. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 53:5, s. 2017-2030
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in inflammatory biomarkers are important in depression. However, previous meta-analyses disagree on these associations, and errors in data extraction may account for these discrepancies.METHODS: PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Library were searched from database inception to 14 January 2020. Meta-analyses of observational studies examining the association between depression and levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin 1-β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and C-reactive protein (CRP) were eligible. Errors were classified as follows: incorrect sample sizes, incorrectly used standard deviation, incorrect participant inclusion, calculation error, or analysis with insufficient data. We determined their impact on the results after correction thereof.RESULTS: Errors were noted in 14 of the 15 meta-analyses included. Across 521 primary studies, 118 (22.6%) showed the following errors: incorrect sample sizes (20 studies, 16.9%), incorrect use of standard deviation (35 studies, 29.7%), incorrect participant inclusion (7 studies, 5.9%), calculation errors (33 studies, 28.0%), and analysis with insufficient data (23 studies, 19.5%). After correcting these errors, 11 (29.7%) out of 37 pooled effect sizes changed by a magnitude of more than 0.1, ranging from 0.11 to 1.15. The updated meta-analyses showed that elevated levels of TNF- α, IL-6, CRP, but not IL-1β, are associated with depression.CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that data extraction errors in meta-analyses can impact findings. Efforts to reduce such errors are important in studies of the association between depression and peripheral inflammatory biomarkers, for which high heterogeneity and conflicting results have been continuously reported.
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| 9. |
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Mellan det förflutna och framtiden. Asylsökande barns välfärd, hälsa och välbefinnande
- 2010
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Hur påverkas barns hälsa och välbefinnande under och av asylprocessen? Vad betyder mest för att frigöra barns eget handlingsutrymme och strävan efter att må bra? Vad uppfattar barn som viktigt för hälsa och välbefinnande? Dessa frågor belyses utifrån olika vetenskapliga ansatser i boken; här förmedlas olika perspektiv på barns villkor under asylprocessen från politiska ambitioner, lokala institutioner och barns och föräldrars egna erfarenheter och initiativ
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| 10. |
- Sternäng, Ola, et al.
(author)
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Associations Between Functional Biological Age and Cognition Among Older Adults in Rural Bangladesh : Comparisons With Chronological Age
- 2019
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In: Journal of Aging and Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 0898-2643 .- 1552-6887. ; 31:5, s. 814-836
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: We constructed a functional biological age (fBioAge) indicator by using four functional variables: grip strength, forced expiratory lung volume, visual acuity, and hearing. Our aim was to compare how chronological age (ChronAge) and fBioAge are related to cognitive abilities in older adults. Method: We used data from the Poverty and Health in Aging project, Bangladesh. Participants (N = 400) were 60+ years of age and diagnosed as nondemented. Examined cognitive abilities were four episodic memory measures (including recall and recognition), two verbal fluency indicators, two semantic knowledge, and two processing speed tasks. Results: fBioAge accounted for cognitive variance beyond that explained by ChronAge also after controlling for medical diagnoses and blood markers. Discussion: Compared with ChronAge, fBioAge was a stronger predictor of cognition during a broad part of the old adult span. fBioAge seems, in that respect, to have the potential to become a useful age indicator in future aging studies.
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