| 1. |
- Bidgoli, Hassan Haghparast, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-hospital trauma care resources for road traffic injuries in a middle-income country-A province based study on need and access in Iran.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Injury. - : Elsevier BV. - 0020-1383 .- 1879-0267. ; 42:9, s. 879-884
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Access to pre-hospital trauma care can help minimize many of traffic related mortality and morbidity in low- and middle-income countries with high rate of traffic deaths such as Iran. The aim of this study was to assess if the distribution of pre-hospital trauma care facilities reflect the burden of road traffic injury and mortality in different provinces in Iran. METHODS: This national cross-sectional study is based on ecological data on road traffic mortality (RTM), road traffic injuries (RTIs) and pre-hospital trauma facilities for all 30 provinces in Iran in 2006. Lorenz curves and Gini coefficients were used to describe the distributions of RTM/RTIs and pre-hospital trauma care facilities across provinces. Spearman rank-order correlation was performed to assess the relationship between RTM/RTI and pre-hospital trauma care facilities. RESULTS: RTM and RTIs as well as pre-hospital trauma care facilities were distributed unequally between different provinces. There was no significant association between the rate of RTM and RTIs and the number of pre-hospital trauma care facilities across the country. CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of pre-hospital trauma care facilities does not reflect the needs in terms of RTM and RTIs for different provinces. These results suggest that traffic related mortality and morbidity could be reduced if the needs in terms of RTM and RTIs were taken into consideration when distributing pre-hospital trauma care facilities between the provinces.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Fondell, Elinor, et al.
(författare)
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Adherence to the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations as a measure of a healthy diet and upper respiratory tract infection
- 2011
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Ingår i: Public Health Nutrition. - : CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 14:5, s. 860-869
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The Nordic countries have published joint dietary recommendations, the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations (NNR), since 1980. We evaluated adherence to the NNR as a measure of a healthy diet and its potential association with self-reported upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). Design: A prospective, population-based study with a follow-up period of 4 months. Dietary intake was assessed using a semi-quantitative FFQ with ninety-six items, along with other lifestyle factors, at baseline. URTI was assessed every three weeks. A Poisson regression model was used to control for age, sex and other confounding factors. Setting: A middle-sized county in northern Sweden. Subjects: Swedish men and women (n 1509) aged 20-60 years. Results: The NNR include recommendations on macronutrient proportions, physical activity and intake of micronutrients, sodium, fibre and alcohol. We found that overall adherence to the NNR was moderately good. In addition, we found that high adherence to the NNR (>5.5 adherence points) was not associated with a lower risk of URTI (incidence rate ratio (IRR) 0.89, 95% CI 0.73, 1.08) compared with low adherence (<4.5 adherence points). When investigating individual components of the NNR, only high physical activity was associated with lower URTI risk (IRR=0.82, 95% CI 0.69, 0.97) whereas none of the dietary components were associated with risk of URTI. Conclusions: Overall adherence to the NNR was moderately good. Overall adherence to the NNR was not associated with URTI risk in our study. However, when investigating individual components of the NNR, we found that high physical activity was associated with lower URTI risk.
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| 4. |
- Sjörs, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term follow-up of cortisol awakening response in patients treated for stress-related exhaustion
- 2012
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Ingår i: Bmj Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 2:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Studies on hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis activity in stress-related exhaustion Design: HPA axis activity was assessed through the cortisol awakening response (CAR). Salivary cortisol Setting: An outpatient clinic specialising in stress-related illness. Participants: Patients with clinically diagnosed stress-related exhaustion (n = 162) and healthy controls Primary and secondary outcome measures: The primary measure was CAR measured as the difference Results: Patients showed similar CAR as the controls and their CAR did not change significantly during Conclusions: The authors conclude that CAR does not seem to discriminate clinically defined patients
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| 5. |
- Eklund, Caroline, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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The Meaning of Sedentary Behavior as Experienced by People in the Transition From Working Life to Retirement : An Empirical Phenomenological Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Physical Therapy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0031-9023 .- 1538-6724. ; 101:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveSedentary behavior (SB) is defined as a mean of >6 hours of daytime sitting or lying down. SB has been shown to increase with older age and is a risk factor for disease. During the transition from working life to retirement, changes in daily life activities occur, risking increased SB. The aim of the present study was to gain a deeper understanding of SB in relation to the transition from working life to retirement as experienced by persons in retirement.MethodsThe study was grounded in a phenomenological life-world perspective. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with participants aged 64–75. Data were analyzed using the empirical phenomenological psychological method.ResultsThe participants described that voluntary sedentary time was positively related to general health and well-being, while involuntary sedentary time was negatively related to health. Increased sedentary time was described as natural when aging. Retirement was expressed as a time for rest after hard work and the ability to choose a slower pace in life. Internal and external demands and daily routines interrupted SB, whereas loneliness was perceived to increase SB. Participants strived to find a balance between physical activity and sedentary time. The variations in the participants’ descriptions formed three typologies: in light of meaningful sedentary behavior, in the shadow of involuntary sedentary behavior, and a dual process – postponing sedentary behavior with physical activity.ConclusionsIncreased SB was perceived as natural when aging, but something that may be postponed by conscious choices. SB was perceived as associated with health, rest and recovery but also with the risk of deteriorating health.ImpactThis knowledge of the experienced meaning of SB could guide the design of health promotion interventions and may be helpful in targeting those in need of support and individualizing interventions to decrease SB in retirement.Lay SummaryThis study reveals how persons in retirement describe sedentary behavior as something healthy but also as unhealthy and that sedentary behavior is natural in aging and can be postponed by physical activity.
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| 6. |
- Manasatchakun, Pornpun, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Factors associated with healthy ageing among older persons in Northeastern Thailand
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology. - New York : Springer. - 0169-3816 .- 1573-0719. ; 31:4, s. 369-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe factors associated with perceived health and healthy aging among older people in northeastern Thailand. Thailand's aging population is growing and facing an increasing old-age dependency ratio. Northeastern Thailand, known as Isan, is a region in which the number of older residents is projected to grow rapidly. Older people in this region are likely to confront great threats to their health and well-being. These issues require appropriate attention and actions to promote healthy aging. However, healthy aging in this region has not been studied. A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 453 older people, aged 60 years or older. Participants completed the Healthy Aging Instrument (HAI) and provided relevant demographic characteristics. Mann-Whitney U tests, Kruskal-Wallis tests and multiple regression models were used to analyze the data. Through comparative analyses, significant differences in HAI scores were observed for the following factors: marital status, residential area, disability, income level, and perceived meaningfulness in life. In the multiple regression models, residential area, disability, and marital status explained 24.30 % of the variance in HAI scores. Health promotion strategies and future targeted intervention programs should consider the importance of these factors.
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| 7. |
- Manasatchakun, Pornpun, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Healthy Ageing in Isan-Thai culture – A phenomenographic study based on older persons' lived experiences
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - Järfälla : Co-Action Publishing. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Healthy ageing is a concept that concerns older persons’ quality of life and is a key factor in promoting wellbeing. The older population in Thailand is growing. Isan (a region of north-eastern Thailand) has been reported as having one of the most rapidly increasing older populations in the country. In order to care for and promote the health of older people, healthcare providers should understand how healthy ageing is perceived by this target group. Although healthy ageing has been studied in different contexts as well as perspectives,no studies have previously focused on older persons’ experiences of healthy ageing from a life world perspective in Isan-Thai. Therefore, the aim of this study is to describe older persons’ qualitatively different conceptions of healthy ageing in Isan-Thai culture. A phenomenographic approach with an epistemological base in lifeworld theory was used to disclose the various ways to conceptualize healthy ageing. Individual, qualitative interviews were conducted with 17 older people aged 60 and above who live in Isan-Thai. The findings of this study revealed three categories of descriptions: “being independent in dependence”, “being at peace”, and “being a valuable person”. This study also found family members, friends, healthcare providers, and religion important to healthy ageing in the Isan-Thai culture. Understanding how older people conceptualize healthy aging is valuable for healthcare providers. They can apply these findings regarding healthy ageing in their fieldwork when caring for older people. © 2016 P. Manasatchakun et al.
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| 8. |
- Marmstål Hammar, Lena, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
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Being Treated With Respect and Dignity? : Perceptions of Home Care Service Among Persons With Dementia
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. - New York : Elsevier. - 1525-8610 .- 1538-9375. ; 22:3, s. 656-662
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Studies on the quality of home care services (HCS) offered to persons with dementia (PwDs) reveal the prevalence of unmet needs and dissatisfaction related to encounters and a lack of relationships with staff. The objective of this study was to enhance knowledge of the perceptions of PwDs regarding their treatment with dignity and respect in HCS over time.Design: A mixed longitudinal cohort study was designed to study trends in the period between 2016 and 2018 and compare the results between PwDs (cases) and persons without dementia (controls) living at home with HCS.Setting and Participants: Persons aged 65 years and older with HCS in Sweden.Methods: Data from an existing yearly HCS survey by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare (NBHW) was used. The focus was on questions concerning dignity and respect. NBHW data sets on diagnoses, medications, HCS hours, and demographic information were also used. We applied GEE logistic and cumulative logit regression models to estimate effects and trends of interest after controlling for the effects of age, gender, self-rated health, and number of HCS hours.Results: Over the study period, 271,915 (PwDs¼8.1%) respondents completed the survey. The results showed that PwDs were significantly less likely (3%-10% lower odds and cumulative odds) than controls to indicate that they were satisfied in response to questions related to dignity and respect. Both groups experienced a decrease in satisfaction from 2016 to 2018. Females, individuals with poor self-rated health, and individuals granted more HCS hours were found to be more dissatisfied.Conclusions and Implications: The HCS organization needs to shift from a task-oriented system to a person-centered approach, where dignity and respect are of the utmost importance. The HCS organizations need to be developed to focus on competence in person-centered care, and leadership to support staff.
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| 9. |
- Platts, Loretta G., et al.
(författare)
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The nature of paid work in the retirement years
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ageing & Society. - Bimingham : Cambridge University Press. - 0144-686X .- 1469-1779. ; 43:6, s. 1310-1332
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ever more people are in paid work following the age of state pension availability, and yet the experience of working in this phase of the late career has been little studied. We interviewed a purposive sample of 25 Swedish people in their mid- to late sixties and early seventies, many of whom were or had recently been working while claiming an old-age pension. The data were analysed with constant comparative analysis in which we described and refined categories through the writing of analytic memos and diagramming. We observed that paid work took place within a particular material, normative and emotional landscape: a stable and secure pension income decommodifying these workers from the labour market, a social norm of a retired lifestyle and a looming sense of contraction of the future. This landscape made paid work in these years distinctive: characterised by immediate intrinsic rewards and processes of containing and reaffirming commitments to jobs. The oldest workers were able to craft assertively the temporal flexibility of their jobs in order to protect the autonomy and freedom that retirement represented and retain favoured job characteristics. Employed on short-term (hourly) contracts or self-employed, participants continually reassessed their decision to work. Participation in paid work in the retirement years is a distinctive second stage in the late career which blends the second and third ages.
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