1.
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3.
Axelsson, I, et al.
(författare)
[Recommendations for prevention of iron deficiency. Delay cow's milk intake as a beverage to infants until 10-12 months of age!]. : Rekommendationer för att förebygga järnbrist. Vänta med komjölk som dryck tills barnet är 10-12 månader!
1999
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 96:18, s. 2206-8
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Breast-feeding is to be encouraged during the first six months of life. Iron deficiency is extremely rare in exclusively breast-fed infants during this period. Any cow-milk based formula used should be iron-fortified. During the second half of infancy, the iron content of weaning foods is important in preventing iron deficiency. Indeed, owing to the low iron content of dairy products, it is hard to compose a weaning diet sufficiently rich in iron to meet the demands of rapidly growing infants, if it is to include substantial amounts of cow milk, sour milk or yoghurt. Accordingly, the Paediatric Committee on Nutrition and Health, of the Swedish Paediatric Association and the National Food Administration, recommend delaying the introduction of cow's milk and cow-milk products until the infant is 10-12 months of age. Until then, breast-feeding, and the use of iron-fortified formula or gruel with modified protein and sodium content are encouraged; iron-fortified porridges of softer consistency can be prepared to circumvent the need of extra fluids, or porridge can be served with breast milk or iron-fortified formula; small amounts of milk may be used for cooking purposes.
4.
Axelsson, I, et al.
(författare)
[The AD-drops can be replaced by D-drops]. : AD-dropparna kan ersättas med D-droppar
1999
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 96:18, s. 2200-4
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Since 1932, when vitamin A and D supplementation, in the form of cod liver oil, was introduced in Sweden, rickets has been a rare diagnosis among Swedish infants. In 1978, the National Board of Health and Welfare issued recommendations of daily supplementation with 300 micrograms (1000 IU) of vitamin A and 10 micrograms (400 IU) of vitamin D. This has recently been under review by the Paediatric Committee on Nutrition and Health, of the Swedish Paediatric Association and the National Food Administration, who concluded that there is no reason to retain vitamin A supplementation, but that vitamin D supplementation should continue to be recommended at the same daily dose (400 IU).
5.
6.
Barany, E, et al.
(författare)
Mercury and selenium in whole blood and serum in relation to fish consumption and amalgam fillings in adolescents
2003
Ingår i: Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology. - 1878-3252 .- 0946-672X. ; 17:3, s. 165-170
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Mercury and selenium in whole blood and serum of 245 17-year old Swedish adolescents were analysed. The relationships between these elements' concentrations and the consumption of fish as well as the number of dental amalgam fillings were studied. The geometric means (GM) of the mercury concentrations were 1.1 mug/L in blood and 0.43 mug/L in serum. The mean selenium concentration in blood was 110 mug/L and the GM of the serum selenium concentration 110 mug/L. Fish species with dietary restrictions due to elevated mercury Levels (i.e. pike, perch, pikeperch, burbot, eel and halibut) were consumed on average 0.7 times/month and fish species without such restrictions 4.1 times/month. Despite this comparatively Low fish consumption, the adolescents' blood mercury concentrations were positively correlated with fish consumption. Of the adolescents, 39% had amalgam fillings (mean 2 +/- 1.5). Serum mercury was influenced by the number of amalgam fittings, by fish consumption, blood and serum levels of selenium and the residential area. Blood and serum selenium concentrations were not influenced by fish consumption, but were positively associated with the serum mercury concentration.
7.
Barany, E, et al.
(författare)
Trace element levels in whole blood and serum from Swedish adolescents
2002
Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - 1879-1026 .- 0048-9697. ; 286:1-3, s. 129-141
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Blood and serum samples from 372 15-year-old adolescents were collected in two cities in Sweden and analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The objective was to (1) determine the levels of 13 elements in blood and serum from the teenagers; and (2) for each element, investigate the correlation between the concentrations in blood and serum. The concentrations in blood and serum were generally in line with that usually reported for the essential elements Co, Cu, Zn and Se, and generally low for the 'non-essential' elements Cd, Hg, Pb. The median concentrations were in blood and serum, respectively: of Co 031 and 0.48 mug/l, Cu 0.92 and 1.0 mg/l, Zn 6.1 and 0.99 mg/l, Se 110 and 100 mug/l, Rb 2.8 and 0.24 mg/l, Hg 1.1 and 0.44 mug/l, Pb 16 and 0.33 mug/l. The median concentration of W in blood was < 0.2 mug/l (below the detection limit) and in serum 0.087 mug/l. The median concentrations of Cd, Rh, Pd, Pt and TI were below the detection limits. Statistically significant correlations were found between the concentrations in blood and serum for Co, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, W, Hg and Pb. The levels presented in this study constitute baseline levels or levels generally not exceeded in adolescents for 13 elements, including essential, ubiquitous toxic, and rare elements.
8.
Barany, E, et al.
(författare)
Trace elements in blood and serum of Swedish adolescents: Relation to gender, age, residential area, and socioeconomic status
2002
Ingår i: Environmental Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-0953 .- 0013-9351. ; 89:1, s. 72-84
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
The influence of gender, age, residential area, and socioeconomic status on the blood and serum levels of 13 trace elements was studied in boys and girls living in two Swedish cities with different socioeconomic and environmental characters. The same groups of adolescents were sampled twice, at ages 15 (n = 372) and 17 (n = 294) years. All the investigated factors were shown to be of importance. Age was important for most elements; e.g., copper levels in both blood and serum increased in girls, and selenium increased in serum from both genders. Lead decreased approximately 10%, in blood from the first to the second sampling, and cadmium increased in blood, however not in nonsmokers. The age factor may also reflect temporal changes in environmental exposure, especially for nonessential elements. Girls had higher levels of cobalt and copper, while lead in blood was higher in boys. Smoking girls had higher copper levels than nonsmoking girls. Residential area influenced all elements. The teenagers with university-educated mothers had higher levels of cadmium in blood than those with only primary school-educated mothers.
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10.
Becker, Wulf, et al.
(författare)
Hög proteinhalt i svensk mat : en hälsorik?
1996
Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 93:1-2, s. 37-40
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt) abstract
Proteininnehållet i svenskkost är relativt högt i förhållande till internationella rekommendationer. Höga proteinintaghos barn har satts i samband med ökad risk för övervikt. Hos vuxna har ett högt proteinintag,och därmed förhöjda homocysteinnivåer i serum, samtidigt med ett lågt intag av folacin förts fram som riskfaktorer förhjärt–kärlsjukdom. Det finns inga fördelar – men eventuellt nackdelar – med ett proteinintag över 15 energiprocent, eller1,5 g/kg kroppsvikt.
