1.
Eilertsen, M. E. B., et al.
(författare)
Impact of Social Support on Bereaved Siblings' Anxiety: A Nationwide Follow-Up
2013
Ingår i: Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing. - : SAGE Publications. - 1043-4542 .- 1532-8457. ; 30:6, s. 301-310
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Purpose:To assess adolescent and young adult siblings' perception of social support prior to and following the loss of their brother or sister to cancer, 2 to 9 years earlier, and their anxiety at follow-up. Method: In 2009, 174 (73%) bereaved siblings (12-25 years) participated in a nationwide, long-term follow-up study in Sweden using an anonymous study-specific questionnaire. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to measure self-assessed anxiety. Results: Siblings had a higher risk of anxiety if they perceived their need for social support was unsatisfied during their brother or sisters' last month before death, relative risk (RR) = 3.6 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.8-7.3); time after death, RR = 2.9 (95% CI = 1.5-5.6); and at follow-up, RR = 3.8 (95% CI = 2.0-7.2). Furthermore, a higher risk for anxiety was shown for siblings if they did not perceive that their parents and neighbors cared for them after their brother or sisters' death, RR = 2.7 (95% CI = 1.3-5.5), RR = 5.4 (95% CI = 1.3-21.9), respectively. Conclusion: Bereaved siblings had a greater probability to report self-assessed anxiety if they perceived that their need for social support was not satisfied prior to and following death. Information from both nurses and other health care professionals to families about the impact of social support may contribute to lessen the siblings' risk of anxiety.
2.
Gerdle, Björn, et al.
(författare)
Who benefits from multimodal rehabilitation - an exploration of pain, psychological distress, and life impacts in over 35,000 chronic pain patients identified in the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation
2019
Ingår i: Journal of Pain Research. - : DOVE Medical Press Ltd.. - 1178-7090. ; 12, s. 891-908
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background: Chronic pain patients frequently suffer from psychological symptoms. There is no consensus concerning the prevalence of severe anxiety and depressive symptoms and the strength of the associations between pain intensity and psychological distress. Although an important aspect of the clinical picture is understanding how the pain condition impacts life, little is known about the relative importance of pain and psychological symptoms for individual's life impact. The aims of this study were to identify subgroups of pain patients; to analyze if pain, psychological distress, and life impact variables influence subgrouping; and to investigate how patients in the subgroups benefit from treatments.Methods: Background variables, pain aspects (intensity/severity and spreading), psychological distress (depressive and anxiety symptoms), and two life impact variables (pain interference and perceived life control) were obtained from the Swedish Quality Registry for Pain Rehabilitation for chronic pain patients and analyzed mainly using advanced multivariate methods.Results: Based on >35,000 patients, 35%-40% had severe anxiety or depressive symptoms. Severe psychological distress was associated with being born outside Europe (21%-24% vs 6%-8% in the category without psychological distress) and low education level (20.7%-20.8% vs 26%-27% in the category without psychological distress). Dose relationships existed between the two psychological distress variables and pain aspects, but the explained variances were generally low. Pain intensity/severity and the two psychological distress variables were significantly associated (R2=0.40-0.48; P>0.001) with the two life impact variables (pain interference and life control). Two subgroups of patients were identified at baseline (subgroup 1: n=15,901-16,119; subgroup 2: n=20,690-20,981) and the subgroup with the worst situation regarding all variables participated less in an MMRP (51% vs 58%, P<0.001) but showed the largest improvements in outcomes.Conclusion: The results emphasize the need to assess both pain and psychological distress and not take for granted that pain involves high psychological stress in the individual case. Not all patients benefit from MMRP. A better matching between common clinical pictures and the content of MMRPs may help improve results. We only partly found support for treatment resistance in patients with psychological distress burden.
3.
Peolsson, Anneli, et al.
(författare)
Return to work a bumpy road : a qualitative study on experiences of work ability and work situation in individuals with chronic whiplash-associated disorders
2021
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2458. ; 21:1
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
BACKGROUND: Work resumption is a big challenge in the rehabilitation process for individuals with whiplash-associated disorders (WAD). To better meet the needs of individuals with WAD in their return to work process, more knowledge on their experiences and perspectives is needed. The aim of this study was to explore the experiences of work ability and the work situation of individuals who participated in a neck-specific exercise programme for chronic WAD.METHODS: This qualitative study has an exploratory and descriptive design based on data collected through open-ended interviews with 17 individuals with chronic WAD. Data were analysed inductively using conventional content analysis.RESULTS: Analysis of the data yielded the following five categories related to the participants' narratives on their experiences of work ability and their work situation: Return to work - a process of setbacks and bureaucracy; The need to be understood by health care professionals, and to receive a treatment plan; Individual resources are important for work ability; The consequences of reduced work ability; and Working conditions are important for work ability.CONCLUSION: Individuals with chronic WAD often struggle to return to work. Emotional and practical support from stakeholders is imperative and needs to be strengthened. Participating in a neck-specific exercise programme, including being acknowledged and receiving information about WAD, could positively affect the work ability of WAD sufferers. This study has provided management strategies to improve the ability to work for individuals with chronic WAD, and highlights the need to incorporate a healthy and sustainable return to work in the rehabilitation of individuals with WAD, thereby making their return to work a success.
4.
Manchaiah, Vinaya, et al.
(författare)
Problems and Life Effects Experienced by Tinnitus Research Study Volunteers : An Exploratory Study Using the ICF Classification
2018
Ingår i: Journal of american academy of audiology. - Reston, VA, United States : American Academy of Audiology. - 1050-0545 .- 2157-3107. ; 29:10, s. 936-947
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background: Tinnitus is one of the most distressing hearing-related symptoms. It is often associated with a range of physiological and psychological complications, such as depression, anxiety, and insomnia. Hence, approaching tinnitus from a biopsychological perspective may be more appropriate than from purely a biomedical model.Objective: The present studywas aimed at determining the relationship between tinnitus and the problems and life effects experienced by UK-based tinnitus research study volunteers. Open-ended questions were used. Responses were classified using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework to understand the impact of tinnitus in a multidimensional manner using a biopsychosocial perspective.Research Design: A cross-sectional survey design was used.Study Sample: Study sample included a sample of 240 adults with tinnitus who were interested in undertaking an Internet-based intervention for tinnitus.Data Collection and Analysis: The data were collated using two open-ended questions. The first focused on problems related to having tinnitus and the second to life effects as a result of tinnitus. Responses were analyzed using a simplified content analysis approach to link concepts to ICF categories in accordance with established linking rules. A Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to compare the number of responses between the two questions. The most frequent responses related to body function involved ‘‘emotional functions’’ (b152), ‘‘sleep functions’’ (b134), ‘‘hearing functions’’ (b230), ‘‘sustaining attention’’ (b1400), and ‘‘energy level’’ (b1300). For activity limitations and participation restrictions they were ‘‘communicating with—receiving—spokenmessages’’ (d310), ‘‘socialization’’ (d9205), ‘‘handling stress and other psychological demands’’ (d240), and ‘‘recreation and leisure’’ (d920). The most frequently occurring responses related to environmental factors were ‘‘sound intensity’’ (e2500), ‘‘sound quality’’ (e2501), and ‘‘general products and technology for communication’’ (e1250). ‘‘Coping styles’’ was the most frequently occurring personal factor.Conclusions: The study highlights the use of open-ended questions in gathering useful information about the impact of tinnitus. The responses coded to ICF show that tinnitus impacts many domains, not only particularly body function, but also activity limitations and participation restrictions. The results demonstrate the heterogeneous nature of the impact of tinnitus on people affected.Results: There were 764 responses related to problems identified, 797 responses associated with life effects due to tinnitus, and 37 responses that did not fit into any ICF category. No significant differences were observed in the number of responses between the two questions. In addition, no significant association between the number of responses reported and demographic variables was found. Most of the problems and life effects experienced by tinnitus sufferers were related to body function, followed by activity limitations, and participation restrictions. Only a few responses were related to environmental and personal factors.
5.
Hemmingsson, Helena, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
Eye-Gaze Control Technology as Early Intervention for a Non-Verbal Young Child with High Spinal Cord Injury : A Case Report
2018
Ingår i: Technologies. - : MDPI AG. - 2227-7080. ; 6:1
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Assistive technology (AT) can be used as early intervention in order to reduce activity limitations in play and communication. This longitudinal case study examines eye-gaze control technology as early intervention for a young child with high spinal cord injury without the ability to make sounds. The young child was followed by repeated measures concerning performance and communication from baseline at 9 months to 26 months, and finalized at 36 months by field observations in the home setting. The results showed eye-gaze performance and frequency of use of eye-gaze control technology increased over time. Goals set at 15 months concerning learning and using the AT; naming objects and interactions with family was successfully completed at 26 months. Communicative functions regarding obtaining objects and social interaction increased from unintentional actions to purposeful choices and interactions. At 36 months, the toddler was partly independent in eye gazing, used all activities provided, and made independent choices. In conclusion, the results show that a 9-month-old child with profound motor disabilities can benefit from eye-gaze control technology in order to gradually perform activities, socially interact with family members, and make choices.
6.
Bohman, Benjamin, et al.
(författare)
Infrequent attention to dietary and physical activity behaviours in conversations in Swedish child health services
2013
Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 102:5, s. 520-524
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Aim: To investigate conversations between nurses and parents in Swedish child health services and to assess to what extent attention is directed towards dietary and physical activity behaviours in children.Methods: Twenty-three nurses audio-recorded one session each. Recordings were assessed and topics were classified according to predetermined categories.Results: The three most frequent topics of conversation concerned physical examinations of the child (30% of session time), talking to the child to establish or maintain contact and interest (15%), and development of language skills (12%). Dietary habits came on fourth place (10%), and physical activity ranked 14 (4%).Conclusion: Attention to dietary and physical activity behaviours in children is infrequent in Swedish child health services. Concern is raised about the efficacy of prevention efforts against childhood obesity.
7.
Johansson Capusan, Andrea, et al.
(författare)
Childhood maltreatment and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in adults : a large twin study
2016
Ingår i: Psychological Medicine. - New York, USA : Cambridge University Press. - 0033-2917 .- 1469-8978. ; 46:12, s. 2637-2646
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background: Childhood maltreatment (CM) has been associated with increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children and adults. It is, however, unclear whether this association is causal or due to familial confounding.Method: Data from 18 168 adult twins, aged 20-46 years, were drawn from the population-based Swedish twin registry. Retrospective self-ratings of CM (emotional and physical neglect, physical and sexual abuse and witnessing family violence), and self-ratings for DSM-IV ADHD symptoms in adulthood were analysed. Possible familial confounding was investigated using a within twin-pair design based on monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins.Results: CM was significantly associated with increased levels of ADHD symptom scores in adults [regression coefficient: 0.40 standard deviations, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37-0.43]. Within twin-pair analyses showed attenuated but significant estimates within DZ (0.29, 95% CI 0.21-0.36) and MZ (0.18, 95% CI 0.10-0.25) twin pairs. Similar results emerged for hyperactive/impulsive and inattentive ADHD symptom scores separately in association with CM. We conducted sensitivity analyses for early maltreatment, before age 7, and for abuse and neglect separately, and found similarly reduced estimates in DZ and MZ pairs. Re-traumatization after age 7 did not significantly influence results.Conclusions: CM was significantly associated with increased ADHD symptoms in adults. Associations were partly due to familial confounding, but also consistent with a causal interpretation. Our findings support cognitive neuroscience studies investigating neural pathways through which exposure to CM may influence ADHD. Clinicians treating adults with ADHD should be aware of the association with maltreatment.
8.
Scandurra, Isabella, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
Is Access to eHealth Records Important for Patients? : Opinions of Healthcare Personnel
2015
Ingår i: MedInfo 2015. - Amsterdam, Netherlands : IOS Press. - 9781614995647 - 9781614995630 ; , s. 908-908
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat) abstract
Sweden has had significant progress with the the introduction of electronic health records. A pilot county deployed in an eHealth service in 2012, giving access to health records for all of its patients. This eHealth service is, however, a controversial issue. Two surveys were conducted to discover whether healthcare professionals' opinions differ between professionals, and between staff who have had experience with patients using eHealth records and those, to date, who have had none. Experienced nurses found this eHealth service more important for the patients compared to unexperienced nurses outside the pilot county, as well as both semi-experienced physicians.
9.
Carlsson, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
Implementing treatment guidelines for ambulance services in a low- and middle income setting
2019
Ingår i: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X.
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat) abstract
BackgroundThe use of clinical practice guidelines in clinical and organizational decision-making improves the care of patients and patient safety. Guidelines make healthcare consistent and efficient. In many low- and middle income countries healthcare workers depend on guidelines developed in higher income countries. For these to be useful and accepted they need to be adapted to the local setting. The aim of the study was to implement pre-hospital treatment guidelines into an organization that was not currently using guidelines. The study was partnership between a Swedish pre-hospital training organization and local ambulance service organizations in Kosovo.MethodsAn iterative process of implementing the guidelines was used:Identify guidelines appropriate for the local organization.In sets of five, have the guidelines translated into Albanian.Adapt the guidelines to the local conditions and context.Approval of guidelines by an expert group.Begin using the guidelines within the target organization.ResultsThe first set of five guidelines was translated, approved, and implemented into the organizations. To improve acceptance, both practitioners and decision-makers were involved in the process. Seven workshops were held, with a total of 104 participants. In follow-up discussions participants said they accepted the guidelines and that they would be useful in their daily work.ConclusionsIt is important to evaluate to what extent the guidelines have been accepted, understood, and used. The success and acceptance is due to the flexible procedure managing the full implementation process. Adapting guidelines to fit with local needs and requirements using local experts made the guidelines accessible and useful. The workshop discussions established justification and approval.Key messagesInvolve local experts in contextualising guidelines to increase acceptance from the start.Support building a robust local implementation organization to assist and administer change.
10.
Marmstål Hammar, Lena, 1979-, et al.
(författare)
Being Treated With Respect and Dignity? : Perceptions of Home Care Service Among Persons With Dementia
2021
Ingår i: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association. - New York : Elsevier. - 1525-8610 .- 1538-9375. ; 22:3, s. 656-662
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Objective: Studies on the quality of home care services (HCS) offered to persons with dementia (PwDs) reveal the prevalence of unmet needs and dissatisfaction related to encounters and a lack of relationships with staff. The objective of this study was to enhance knowledge of the perceptions of PwDs regarding their treatment with dignity and respect in HCS over time.Design: A mixed longitudinal cohort study was designed to study trends in the period between 2016 and 2018 and compare the results between PwDs (cases) and persons without dementia (controls) living at home with HCS.Setting and Participants: Persons aged 65 years and older with HCS in Sweden.Methods: Data from an existing yearly HCS survey by the Swedish National Board of Health and Welfare (NBHW) was used. The focus was on questions concerning dignity and respect. NBHW data sets on diagnoses, medications, HCS hours, and demographic information were also used. We applied GEE logistic and cumulative logit regression models to estimate effects and trends of interest after controlling for the effects of age, gender, self-rated health, and number of HCS hours.Results: Over the study period, 271,915 (PwDs¼8.1%) respondents completed the survey. The results showed that PwDs were significantly less likely (3%-10% lower odds and cumulative odds) than controls to indicate that they were satisfied in response to questions related to dignity and respect. Both groups experienced a decrease in satisfaction from 2016 to 2018. Females, individuals with poor self-rated health, and individuals granted more HCS hours were found to be more dissatisfied.Conclusions and Implications: The HCS organization needs to shift from a task-oriented system to a person-centered approach, where dignity and respect are of the utmost importance. The HCS organizations need to be developed to focus on competence in person-centered care, and leadership to support staff.
