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Sökning: hsv:(MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP) hsv:(Hälsovetenskaper) hsv:(Folkhälsovetenskap global hälsa socialmedicin och epidemiologi)

  • Resultat 1-10 av 171
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  • Jansson-Fröjmark, Markus, et al. (författare)
  • Paradoxical intention for insomnia : A systematic review and meta-analysis
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Sleep Research. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0962-1105 .- 1365-2869. ; , s. 1-14
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Paradoxical intention (PI) has been considered an evidence-based treatment for insomnia since the 1990s, but it has not been evaluated with modern review techniques such as meta-analysis. The present study aimed to conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that explore the effectiveness of PI for insomnia on insomnia symptomatology and theory-derived processes. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted by searching for eligible articles or dissertations in six online bibliographic databases. Randomised controlled trials and experimental studies comparing PI for insomnia to active and passive comparators and assessing insomnia symptoms as outcomes were included. A random effects model was estimated to determine the standardised mean difference Hedge's g at post-treatment. Test for heterogeneity was performed, fail-safe N was calculated, and study quality was assessed. The study was pre-registered at International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, CRD42019137357). A total of 10 trials were identified. Compared to passive comparators, PI led to large improvements in key insomnia symptoms. Relative to active comparators, the improvements were smaller, but still moderate for several central outcomes. Compared to passive comparators, PI resulted in great reductions in sleep-related performance anxiety, one of several proposed mechanisms of change for PI. PI for insomnia resulted in marked clinical improvements, large relative to passive comparators and moderate compared to active comparators. However, methodologically stronger studies are needed before more firm conclusions can be drawn.
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3.
  • Garmy, Pernilla, et al. (författare)
  • Sleep habits and nighttime texting among adolescents
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of School Nursing. - : SAGE Publications. - 1059-8405 .- 1546-8364. ; 34:2, s. 121-127
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to examine sleep habits (i.e., bedtimes and rising times) and their association with nighttime text messaging in 15- to 17-year-old adolescents. This cross-sectional study analyzed data from a web-based survey of adolescent students attending secondary schools in southern Sweden ( N = 278, 50% female). Less than 8 hr of time in bed during school nights was significantly associated with more sleep difficulties, wake time variability on school days and weekends, daytime tiredness, and less enjoyment at school (all ps < .05). Sending and/or receiving text messages (Short Message Service [SMS]) at night was significantly associated with later bedtimes, shorter time in bed, daytime tiredness during school, and irregular sleep habits ( p < .05). These findings highlight the importance of regular, consistent sleep habits and the problems associated with sleeping with a cell phone in the bedroom.
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4.
  • Ledwith, Margaret, et al. (författare)
  • Participatory practice : community-based action for transformative change
  • 2009
  • Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
    • Participatory Practice explores the core ideas of participatory practice and how theory and practice can be integrated to achieve transformative change. The ideas in the book are founded on two premises: firstly, that transformative practice begins in the everyday stories that people tell about their lives and that practical theory generated from these narratives is the best way to inform both policy and practice. Secondly, that participatory practice is a tool for examining this knowledge in that it allows practitioners to examine the way they view the world and to situate their local practice within bigger social issues. The book  is expected to be of interest to both academics and community-based practitioners. Professor Springett commented: “Writing the book was a transformative experience in itself because we had to cross the divide between our different professions. The idea to write it came from our joint concern for the appropriation of the language of participation by many politicians and agencies without a real examination of what true participation actually consists of."
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5.
  • Abrahamsson, Agneta, et al. (författare)
  • A salutogenic perspective could be of practical relevance for the prevention of smoking amongst pregnant women
  • 2002
  • Ingår i: Midwifery. - 0266-6138 .- 1532-3099. ; 18:4, s. 323-331
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVE: to use empirical data to assess the theoretical relevance of using a salutogenic, instead of a pathogenic, perspective to prevent smoking during pregnancy. DESIGN: quantitative study, a questionnaire was completed during the first trimester of pregnancy and an interview was conducted after the baby was born. SETTING: a geographically defined area in the south-east of Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: all 395 women in the study area who were pregnant during the study period 1994-1995. FINDINGS: the women were categorised according to their smoking habits. A significant difference in the sense of coherence (SOC) score was shown between smoking and non-smoking women in indicators of bad health. Women who relapsed to smoking showed a lower level of SOC, particularly in the manageability component, than others. The SOC score was higher in the whole study group than in other comparable, non-pregnant populations. KEY CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: a salutogenic perspective could be used in antenatal care as a basis for encouraging pregnant women to stop smoking. This could enhance the SOC by making smoking more understandable for the woman, by discussing smoking as a way of coping, and by encouraging the woman's own capacity and motivation to stop smoking. Starting a dialogue about smoking from the woman's point of view could do this, with the midwife and the woman exploring together the woman's thoughts about the smoking problem.
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  • Abrahamsson, Agneta, 1951- (författare)
  • Betydelsen av alkohol och drogsamordnare på Länsstyrelsen i Blekinge län : en utvärdering
  • 2009
  • Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
    • Rapporten utgår ifrån länssamordnarens egen beskrivning av funktionen och speglar den sedan i andra intressenters/informanters uppfattningar av hennes funktion. De uppfattar att arbetet som länssamordnare har fungerat mycket bra. Däremot har hon inte lyckats med att bygga upp en länsövergripande struktur för folkhälsoarbetet på beslutsfattande nivå. Något som är nödvändigt för att på lång sikt åstadkomma ett effektivt arbete. Rapporten avslutas med två förslag till framtida organisation av arbetet i länet och hur utvecklingen av policy och handlingsprogram kan gå till.
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8.
  • Abrahamsson, Agneta, 1951-, et al. (författare)
  • Building bridges or negotiating tensions? : experiences from a project aimed at enabling migrant access to health and social care in Sweden
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Diversity in Health and Care. - 1759-1422 .- 1743-4904. ; 6:2, s. 85-95
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A current challenge for many European countries is to enable forced migrants to access health and social care that meets their needs. One solution is to use paraprofessionals - that is, trained individuals who are not professionals - to act as bridge-builders between minority communities and the health and social care sectors. This paper explores the development of a quality improvement project in Sweden. The project aimed to recruit and train forced migrants who had lived in Sweden for more than five years to act as bridge-builders. The aim was to use their unique experiences and knowledge in two ways - to work with service staff in developing new ways of working, and to become culturally competent paraprofessionals working with their own communities. This paper focuses on how an understanding of the role evolved as the participants reflected on their experiences and undertook an inquiry process culminating in the development of three possible models of what the task of a bridge-builder should be in developing culturally appropriate health and social services that are responsive to the needs of forced migrants. The conclusion reflects on what was learned and how the experiences from this project may be useful for others who are struggling with the same kind of problem in Sweden and in other countries.
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