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- Pourhamidi, Kaveh, et al.
(författare)
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Heat shock protein 27 concentrations are lower in patientswith type 1 diabetes mellitus than in healthy controls andcorrelates with large nerve fibre dysfunction
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Objective Heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) may contribute to the survival of neurons. Our aims were to study whether HSP27 concentrations differ between individuals with and without type 1 diabetes, and evaluate the relationship between the progression of peripheral nerve dysfunction and HSP27 concentrations.Research Design and Methods Type 1 diabetes patients (n=27, 41% women; mean age 41±8 years) were recruited in 1992 with a follow-up in 2005; serum HSP27 concentrations were determined in baseline and follow-up samples and compared to non-diabetic controls (n=397, 34% women; mean age 43±14 years). The type 1 diabetes patients underwent nerve conduction studies and thermal and vibration perception threshold tests at baseline and at follow-up. Reference data was used to standardise results for age, height and sex by calculating the Z-scores. Delta changes in HSP27 (follow-up HSP27 – baseline HSP27) and small and large nerve fibre function were used for correlation analyses.Results Type 1 diabetes patients had lower HSP27 concentrations at baseline (mean HSP27547 pg/ml, 95% CI 421, 711) and at follow-up (mean HSP27 538 pg/ml, 95% CI 417,693) compared to healthy controls (mean HSP27 785 pg/ml, 95% CI 732, 842; p<0.05 for both comparisons). Deteriorating large nerve fibre function correlated with delta HSP27 concentrations in type 1 diabetes (r=0.50, p=0.01).Conclusions Patients with type 1 diabetes had lower HSP27 concentrations than non-diabetic controls and progression of large nerve fibre dysfunction correlated with decreasing HSP27 concentrations during the follow-up period. This could be indicative ofinsufficient neuroprotection in type 1 diabetes.
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| 2. |
- Klaric, Lucija, et al.
(författare)
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Mendelian randomisation identifies alternative splicing of the FAS death receptor as a mediator of severe COVID-19.
- 2021
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Ingår i: medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. ; , s. 1-28
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Severe COVID-19 is characterised by immunopathology and epithelial injury. Proteomic studies have identified circulating proteins that are biomarkers of severe COVID-19, but cannot distinguish correlation from causation. To address this, we performed Mendelian randomisation (MR) to identify proteins that mediate severe COVID-19. Using protein quantitative trait loci (pQTL) data from the SCALLOP consortium, involving meta-analysis of up to 26,494 individuals, and COVID-19 genome-wide association data from the Host Genetics Initiative, we performed MR for 157 COVID-19 severity protein biomarkers. We identified significant MR results for five proteins: FAS, TNFRSF10A, CCL2, EPHB4 and LGALS9. Further evaluation of these candidates using sensitivity analyses and colocalization testing provided strong evidence to implicate the apoptosis-associated cytokine receptor FAS as a causal mediator of severe COVID-19. This effect was specific to severe disease. Using RNA-seq data from 4,778 individuals, we demonstrate that the pQTL at the FAS locus results from genetically influenced alternate splicing causing skipping of exon 6. We show that the risk allele for very severe COVID-19 increases the proportion of transcripts lacking exon 6, and thereby increases soluble FAS. Soluble FAS acts as a decoy receptor for FAS-ligand, inhibiting apoptosis induced through membrane-bound FAS. In summary, we demonstrate a novel genetic mechanism that contributes to risk of severe of COVID-19, highlighting a pathway that may be a promising therapeutic target.
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| 3. |
- Lundh, Torbjörn, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Torque Devices
- 2018
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Torque devices for navigating a guidewire through a body lumen are disclosed. The devices have a variable speed transmission design, including at least a first transmission region along a first position of the device, and a second transmission region along a second position of the device. The first and second transmission regions have different diameters, thereby allowing rotational control of the guidewire between at least two different stroke angles.
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| 9. |
- Stiernman, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Neural correlates of emotion reactivity and emotion regulation in premenstrual dysphoric disorder : evidence for menstrual cycle phase-dependent and -independent effects in key regions of the salience network
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Emotion regulation deficits have been highlighted as a transdiagnostic feature of multiple psychiatric disorders. Deficient prefrontal “top-down” regulation of key nodes of the salience network (SN) associated with emotion generation, has previously been hypothesized to be relevant also in premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).Methods: In the present study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate menstrual-cycle related variations in brain activity and connectivity in response to two separate emotional tasks (emotion reactivity and regulation) in 29 women with PMDD and 27 controls. We also examined whether differential brain activation between groups is related to premenstrual symptom severity and serum levels of progesterone-derived neuroactive steroids.Results: We did not find convincing evidence for reduced activity in regions associated with the conscious control of emotion in PMDD. However, women with PMDD showed increased reactivity in key nodes of the SN and the default mode network (DMN) during the luteal phase compared to control women. Furthermore, SN hyperactivity was apparent also during the follicular phase and related to PMDD symptom severity. We found no evidence of altered network connectivity across the menstrual cycle in PMDD women.Conclusion: SN dysfunction during the luteal phase may mediate multiple network aberrations. Furthermore, higher baseline (follicular) SN activity may render PMDD women more susceptible to severe mood symptoms in response to hormonal fluctuations. What drives increased SN activity in the follicular phase is unknown, but innate and neuroplastic mechanisms are proposed.
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| 10. |
- Berg, Marie, 1955
(författare)
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Master thesis in Nursing: Vårdrelation och födande : kvinnors möte med barnmorskan under förlossningen på en ABC-enhet. Caring relationship and childbirth: Women´s encounter with the midwife at an Alternative Birth Center Unit
- 1999
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this essay was to describe the nature of encounters in health care with focus on women´s encounters with the midwife during childbirth. The physical and mental wellbeing of the future mother has a direct impact on the health of the family, specially the child´s wellbeing. It´s therefore important that the woman has a positive experience of pregnancy and childbirth. In a qualitative study using phenomenological approach the objective was to describe women´s experience of the encounter with the midwife during childbirth at an Alternative Birth Care Centre (ABC). The essential structure of the studied phenomenon was described as "presence" ad included three themes: 1) to be seen as an individual 2) to have a trusting relationship and 3) to be supported and guided on ones own terms. If any of the mentioned features were lacking the women felt that the midwife was absently-present which run the risk of a negative birthing experience. The need to be seen as an individual can be realized by affirmation and familiarity with the midwife and surrounding. A trusting relationship can be obtained by good communication and proficient behavior. By providing a sense of control the women can be supported and guided on their own terms. The intersubjective encounter between patient and caregiver is the essence in all health care, even in the care of the pregnant and birthing woman irrespective of race and culture. Syftet med föreliggande arbete var att beskriva vårdrelationens innebörd med fokus på mötet mellan den födande kvinnan och barnmorskan under förlossningen. Det fysiska och psykiska välbefinnandet hos den blivande modern påverkar hela familjen och i synnerhet barnet. Det är därför viktigt att upplevelsen i samband med graviditet, förlossning och puerperium (barnsängtid) blir positiv. I en kvalitativ studie med fenomenologisk ansats har kvinnors upplevelse av mötet med barnmorskan under förlossningen på en ABC-enhet (Alternative Birth Care) undersökts. Det essentiella i mötet kan uttryckas i tre teman: 1) att bli sedd, 2) att ha en förtroendefull relation och 3) att få stöd och bli styrd på egna villkor. Begreppet "närvaro" abstraherades som en gemensam beståndsdel i dessa teman. Behovet av att bli sedd förverkligades genom att bli bekräftad och bemött med respekt. En förtroendefull relation utvecklades genom god kommunikation och genom att barmorskan förmedlade professionell kunskap, säkerhet, vänlighet, tillmötesgående, tillgänglighet och intutition. Genom en känsla av bibehållen kontroll kunde kvinnorna ta emot stöd och bli styrda på egna villkor. Om något av de ovanstående saknades kunde kvinnorna uppleva en känsla av att barnmorskan var "icke-närvarande". Vårdrelationen, mötet mellan patienten och vårdgivaren, är kärnan i den stora vårdorganisationen, även i vården av den gravida, födande och nyförlösta kvinnan, oavsett ras- och kulturtillhörighet.
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