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- Emdin, Stefan O., 1948-
(författare)
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Myxine insulin : amino-acid sequence, three dimensional structure, biosynthesis, release, physiological role, receptor binding affinity, and biological activity
- 1981
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Atlantic hagfish, Myxlne. glutinosa,is the most primitive vertebrate extant, and it diverged from the main vertebrate evolutionary chain some 500 mi 11 ion years ago.The primary sequence of hagfish insulin shows that it contains the residues implemented for expression of activity and the residues stabilizing the insulin monomer and dimer, but not the hexamer. The primary sequence of hagfish preproinsulin, deduced from the mRNA-cDNA sequence shows little homology in sequence of the precursor parts of the molecule. However, the sequence contains the structural requirements for the tentative functions, jL.z. vectorial discharge of the prohormone and a minimum over-all size of the precursor. The proinsulin converting enzyme(s) seems to have a specificity similar to that of all other vertebrates studied. The tertiary structure of hagfish insulin in the crystal is almost superimposable on pig insulin's structure.The biological activity of hagfish insulin is 5% of that of piginsulin and its receptor binding affinity is 23% in isolated rat fat cells.Hagfish insulin was the first partial insulin antagonist on the rat fat cell insulin receptor. The change(s) in structure responsible for the reduction of activity and binding are not known.Biosynthesis of hagfish insulin, In vXJyto, follows the pattern observed in higher vertebrates, although at a much slower rate. Unlike the situation in mammals, hagfish insulin biosynthesis is not stimulated by glucose.A radioimmunoassay for hagfish insulin was developed and the antiserum cross-reacted with bovine insulin to only 0.01%. Theassay was used to study insulin release in vitro. Glucose stimulates insulin release but, unlike the situation in higher vertebrates, amino acids do not.In vivo, hagfish insulin stimulated the incorporation of 14C-glucose and 14C-leucine into hagfish skeletal muscle glycogen and protein.The observed similari ties,between hagfish and higher vertebrates,with regards to insulin's structure, biosynthesis, release, receptor binding, and biological activity support the conclusion that, insulin and its processing and effector machineries were structurally and biologically well defined some 500 million years ago.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Jagell, Sten, 1936-
(författare)
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Sjögren-Larsson syndrome in Sweden : an epidemiological, genetic, clinical and biochemical study
- 1981
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Sjögren-Larsson syndrome (SLS) is a genetically determined syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance originally and comprehensively described from Sweden. It is characterized by the three cardinal signs congenital ichthyosis, spastic di- or tetraplegia and mental retardation.The present investigation covers all 35 SLS patients alive in Sweden in 1978 and the genetic study all 58 SLS patients born in Sweden in 1886-1977. Forty-five of these were bom in a restricted area in the northeast of Sweden and five more had ancestors from this area. This concentration is probably the result of a founder effect — transmission of the SLS gene mutation from early immigrants to this area — followed by little migration to and from this area. Ancestors of SLS patients have been traced back to an early immigrant to this area in the 14th century.The mean yearly incidences of SLS per 100.000 newborn during the years 1901-1977 were 0.6 in the whole of Sweden, 10.2 in the county of Västerbotten and 2.7 in the county of Norrbotten. The corresponding prevalence figures for SLS on 31 December 1978 were 0.4, 8.3 and 2.6 per 100.000 in these areas, respectively.The ichthyosis in the SLS was found to be congenital in the true sense of the word, as it was always seen at birth. The characteristic skin findings indicate that the use of replicas in ichthyotic patients may be a good complement to the clinical and histopathological examinations.All SLS patients had mental retardation and spastic di- or tetraplegia. The first observation of these symptoms was made between the age of 4 and 30 months.Small white glistening dots located in the ocular fundus were noted in all 30 SLS patients examined in this respect and seem to be pathognomonic for SLS.The fatty acid patterns of plasma phospholipids, cholesteryl esters, triglycerides and free fatty acids in SLS patients were examined. The results suggest that SLS is possibly a disorder of fatty acid metabolism leading to an altered composition of polyunsaturated fatty acids due to a disturbance in the A6-desaturation of essential fatty acids.
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| 4. |
- Lalos, Othon, et al.
(författare)
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The effect of salbutamol on the non-pregnant human uterus in vivo : a hysterometric study in dysmenorrheic women
- 1981
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 60:4, s. 349-352
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Uterine tonicity has been determined by means of hysterometry on the first day of menstruation in 5 women with severe primary dysmenorrhea. The effect of intravenous infusion of salbutamol in a dose of 10 μg/min was evaluated. The results indicate that this β2-receptor stimulating agent is capable of eliciting a marked decrease in uterine tonicity in dysmenorrheic women. The diminished uterine tonicity was closely associated with pain relief. Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/00016348109154122
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| 5. |
- Lalos, Othon, et al.
(författare)
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Uterine tonicity in proliferative and secretory phases of the menstrual cycle
- 1981
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Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 60:5, s. 441-445
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hysterometry, a method for the quantitative evaluation of drug effect on the myometrium, has now been applied in a study of the changes in uterine tonicity during the menstrual cycle. Six nulli-gravidae women with regular menstrual periods and normal gynecological examination findings, were studied. Hysterometry was performed in the midproliferative, ovulatory, and midsecretory periods of the cycle and on the first day of menstruation. Uterine tonicity was found to be higher during the proliferative compared with the secretory phase. The change in uterine tonicity was correlated with a change in the quotient of concentration of estradiol and progesterone in serum (E2/P). Read More: http://informahealthcare.com/doi/abs/10.3109/00016348109155458
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