| 1. |
- Fransson, Sven-Göran, 1949-, et al.
(författare)
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Radiologic diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux by means of graded abdominal compression
- 1988
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0284-1851 .- 1600-0455. ; 29:1, s. 45-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to ascertain whether abdominal compression by a standardized technique increases the reliability of the radiologic diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux. Eighty-eight patients were examined by means of a manometric reflux test, 24-hour measurements of pH and endoscopy. The radiologic examination was performed with and without graded abdominal compression, the patient at the same time turning from side to side. When abdominal compression was included the result of the radiologic examination was positive in 31 patients. In the absence of abdominal compression reflux was detected in 11 of these patients. In one patient reflux was detected only without compression. All these 31 patients had one more test positive and in 27 at least 2 more tests were positive. Another 21 patients had reflux disease as indicated by at least 2 of the 3 other tests. The compression technique seems to yield no false positive responses, and proved to be significantly more reliable than examinations without compression.
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| 2. |
- Isaksson, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Postantibiotic effect of aminoglycosides on gram-negative bacteria evaluated by a new method.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. - : Oxford University Press. - 0305-7453 .- 1460-2091. ; 22:1, s. 23-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The in-vitro postantibiotic effect (PAE) of amikacin, gentamicin, netilmicin and tobramycin was investigated by a bioluminescent assay of bacterial ATP. Two strains each of Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were exposed for 1 h to different concentrations of the aminoglycosides. The aminoglycoside was removed by a 10(-3) dilution, and regrowth of bacteria was followed at hourly intervals by monitoring bacterial ATP. This method simplified the PAE studies and made such studies possible at high aminoglycoside concentrations. The length of the PAE was dose-dependent for all the aminoglycosides studied. The PAEs ranged between three and seven hours for all four strains at the aminoglycoside concentrations normally reached in serum during standard dosing. The long PAE of aminoglycosides, especially after exposure to high drug concentrations, constitutes an argument in favour of administering aminoglycosides in higher-than-usual doses with longer intervals between doses. This proposal is also supported by recent pharmacokinetic, bacteriological and toxicity data.
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| 3. |
- Levi, Richard, et al.
(författare)
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Akut diagnostik
- 1988
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 4. |
- Maller, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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A study of amikacin given once versus twice daily in serious infections.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases. Supplementum. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0300-8878 .- 1651-2502. ; 22:1, s. 75-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Forty-five mostly elderly patients with serious infections were treated in a prospective, comparative and randomized pharmacokinetic study with amikacin 11.0 or 15.0 mg/kg administered in a single daily dose as an intravenous, short-term infusion or with amikacin 7.5 mg/kg administered twice daily in the same way. The results indicate that administration of amikacin 15 mg/kg in a single daily dose should be a practical and safe principle of administration. However elderly patients often have reduced creatinine clearance and should preferably be given a lower dose of 11 mg/kg bw. The risk of nephrotoxicity did not increase, but conclusions on ototoxicity and clinical efficacy cannot be drawn from this limited study. This should be considered as an initial part of a future multicentre trial.
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| 5. |
- Tomson, T, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired visual contrast sensitivity in epileptic patients treated with carbamazepine.
- 1988
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Ingår i: Archives of Neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-9942 .- 1538-3687. ; 45:8, s. 897-900
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Critical flicker fusion frequencies and visual contrast sensitivity were determined in 27 adult epileptic patients receiving carbamazepine monotherapy and in 24 healthy, drug-free control subjects. Flicker fusion thresholds were the same in patients and control subjects, whereas the contrast sensitivity was significantly reduced in the patient group at all spatial frequencies. There was a significant negative correlation between the plasma concentration of carbamazepine and the contrast sensitivity at 11.4 and 22.8 cycles per degree, indicating that the reduced contrast sensitivity was due to the drug therapy.
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| 6. |
- Edholm, Paul
(författare)
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Linograms
- 1988
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The several successful solutions to the problem of image reconstruction from projections have caused a rapid growth of a number of new techniques for the reconstruction of distributions and images in several scientific fields. The importance of these techniques, especially in medicine, can hardly be overestimated. In a new algorithm for image reconstruction from projections [l, 2], a special form of the projection data is employed providing some certain advantages. This new form or map of the projection data are called linograms. This is intended as an overview of linograms and the algorithm based on them. Thorough discussions of conventional techniques are to be found in [3, 4 and 5]. In conventional techniques for image reconstruction, a two dimensional distribution of some property is reconstructed. The property might be the x-ray attenuation in a cross-section of the body, the distribution of a radioactive substance or something else. The distribution is not directly accessible but it is possible to measure line integrals (rays) through i t. The problem now is to reconstruct the distribution (the image) from i ts line integrals (its projections). Let the property we are interested in be described by the function f(x, y). projection data are estimates of line integrals of f of known location. Incon~entional techniques each line is specified by two parameters s and e, where s is the (signed) distance from the origin and e its angle with the y-axis.
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