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- Hildingh, Cathrine, et al.
(författare)
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Elderly persons' social network and need for social support after their first myocardial infarction
- 1997
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 11:1, s. 5-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Social network and social support are phenomena suggested to be of importance to successful recovery from myocardial infarction. However, Very few studies have been carried out, especially among the elderly, focusing on their social network and its ability to provide adequate support after myocardial infarction. The aim of this study was to examine elderly persons' social network and need for social support three months after their first myocardial infarction. The sample consisted of 128 persons between 65 and 94 years of age who answered a questionnaire. The results showed that the subjects, even the oldest ones, had an available social network and that they were satisfied with the support it provided. There was an increased need for social support after the myocardial infarction, especially for emotional support and appraisal, but also for instrumental aid and information. Despite these positive results indicating that elderly persons with myocardial infarction have a social network, whose members provide them with support, there may be a need for support also from persons outside this network. Assessment of social network characteristics and the need for social support as well as the provision of adequate information about additional support networks are important tasks for all health professionals.
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| 2. |
- Lidell, Evy, 1942-, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term effects of a comprehensive rehabilitation programme after myocardial infarction
- 1996
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Oxford : Blackwell Publishing. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 10:2, s. 67-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to determine the long-term effects on myocardial infarction (MI) patients of a six-month comprehensive rehabilitation programme (CRP) conducted by an interdisciplinary team regarding cardiac events, physical and psychological conditions, life habits, and cardiac health knowledge. The results of a multivariate analysis carried out five years after the MI showed that cardiac events and psychological condition were not significantly influenced by the CRP. However, it was found that the physical condition of the patients benefited from the CRP; self-reported physical fitness (p < 0.002) and physical exercise test (p < 0.007). CRP participation was linked to significant modifications of life habits (diet change; p < 0.04, sexual activity; p < 0.000). The cardiac health knowledge was significantly improved by participation in the CRP (basic cardiac knowledge; p < 0.005; knowledge about misconceptions; p < 0.04). In conclusion, CRPs have had positive long-term effects on physical condition, life habits and cardiac health knowledge. No such effects, however, were found regarding either cardiac events or psychological condition.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Månsson, J., et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of an educational programme for the early detection of cancer
- 1999
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Ingår i: Patient Education and Counseling. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0738-3991 .- 1873-5134. ; 37:3, s. 231-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Avoiding patient's and doctor's delay is important for the detection of cancer. In order to study the possibilities for shortening the delay, without causing anxiety, an educational programme for early detection of cancer (EPEDC) was worked out, aimed to be evaluated at the community level. A community with 77 100 inhabitants, was informed about cancer symptoms in a letter. Participants who observed the cancer symptoms, described in the letter, were invited to visit the health centres, where they were interviewed and examined according to a specially designed schedule. Guidelines for taking care of these participants were also worked out. Fifteen previously unknown cancers were detected. By means of a telephone interview and a questionnaire the reactions to the EPEDC were studied. The results indicate that it is possible to inform and educate the population about cancer symptoms without causing anxiety on condition that there is an organisation which can be contacted without delay by subjects with potential cancer symptoms. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Johansson, Gunvi, et al.
(författare)
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Young adults' views on dental care : a qualitative analysis
- 1996
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 10:4, s. 197-204
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to determine young adults' views on dental care. The gathered data were gleaned from interviews and analysed in accordance with comparative method. It was possible to discern the views from two perspectives: the patients' opinions regarding costs in relation to given functions within dental care, and the attitudes to given functions in dental care per se. Costs for information and service were deemed questionable, whereas the costs for examination and treatment were accepted. The patients' stance was active with respect to information and treatment, whereas a greater degree of passivity prevailed within the areas of examination and service. According to this report, maintaining cheap dental care rates was deemed important. The patients questioned having to pay for information perceived as irrelevant to dental care. They expressed a hidden wish to assume an active role while being given more information, and to exercise greater influence with reference to own dental care, but were not in the habit of stating their views to dental staff. Thus, continuous patient satisfaction studies are vital in order to meet this group's needs. One suggestion for further research is to study how young adults regard dental care based on the theory presented.
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| 7. |
- Lilja, Ylva, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of extended preoperative information on perioperative stress : an anaesthetic nurse intervention for patients with breast cancer and total hip replacement
- 1998
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Ingår i: Intensive & Critical Care Nursing. - Oxford : Elsevier. - 0964-3397 .- 1532-4036. ; 14:6, s. 276-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An anaesthetic nurse intervention was performed in order to evaluate the effects of extended preoperative information, given by anaesthetic nurses, on perioperative stress in patients operated on for breast cancer or total hip replacement (THR). Forty-six consecutive patients scheduled for surgery for breast cancer, and 55 for THR, were randomized into two groups which were given different modes of preoperative information. Patients in the control group were informed about pre-and postoperative routines by a ward nurse. Patients in the intervention group were given extended formalized information by an anaesthetic nurse. Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to show relations between variables. There were no significant differences between the intervention group and control group for patients with breast cancer or for patients with THR. Breast cancer patients in the intervention group were significantly more anxious than THR patients in the intervention group (P<0.01). Breast cancer patients in the intervention group showed the highest anxiety scores on the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) scale on the day of surgery. This information may reflect an increased level of anxiety due to the extended information given preoperatively. The information may thus have had a negative effect on breast cancer patients, resulting in an increased state of anxiety. The result indicates a need for individualized modes of information to provide a proper balance between enough and too much information. © 1998 Harcourt Brace & Co. Ltd.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Nandakumar, Kutty Selva, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Early expression of interleukin-12, p40 subunit and IFN-gamma inhibits regression of AK-5 tumor
- 1997
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Ingår i: Cytokines, cellular & molecular therapy. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 1368-4736 .- 1471-177X. ; 3:4, s. 225-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Differential immune response of syngeneic animals to a rat histiocytoma AK-5 based on the route of transplantation was investigated. Spontaneous regression of subcutaneous tumor was observed in 55-60% of animals. On the other hand, when the tumor cells were injected intraperitoneally, none of the animals survived. Earlier studies from this laboratory indicated upregulation of Th-1-type cytokines, leading to early tumor regression when the tumor was transplanted subcutaneously. Hence we evaluated and compared the circulatory-cytokine profiles in both s.c. and i.p. tumor-injected animals. Our results show an early increase in the p40 subunit of IL-12, prolific increase in IFN-gamma and lower levels of IL-2 in i.p. tumor-injected animals. However, there were no significant differences in the levels of transcripts for these cytokines in either of the groups. Significantly, a lower level of cytotoxicity was observed with splenocytes from i.p. tumor-transplanted animals. Moreover, the cytotoxicity of IL-12-activated but not IL-2-activated NK cells was inhibited by sera (rich in IL-12, p40 subunit) from i.p. tumor-transplanted animals, suggesting the participation of p40 subunit in the regulation of tumor regression. Thus the present study suggests a possible translational regulation of Th-1-type cytokines in AK-5 tumor-host interaction.
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| 10. |
- Nandakumar, Kutty Selva, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Role of cytokines in the maintenance of the memory immune response induced by a rat histiocytoma in syngeneic hosts
- 1998
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Ingår i: Cytokines, cellular & molecular therapy. - Abingdon : Taylor & Francis. - 1368-4736 .- 1471-177X. ; 4:3, s. 169-175
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The nature of immune memory induced by a rat histiocytoma, AK-5, in syngeneic hosts was studied. AK-5 tumor when transplanted intraperitoneally (i.p.) into naive animals grows as ascites and is 100% fatal. However, spontaneous regression of AK-5 tumor was observed in 60% of animals upon s.c. transplantation. Interestingly, all the tumor-rejected animals (immune) were found to resist further i.p. challenges with AK-5 cells. The immunity thus developed is specific for AK-5 tumor, since other tumors grow in these animals. In order to understand the tumor-specific immune memory induced after AK-5 tumor transplantation, we have evaluated circulatory-cytokine profiles of i.p. tumor-transplanted naive and immune animals. Our results show an increase in the levels of IL-2, IL-12 and IL-4 in tumor-injected immune animals compared with normal animals, whereas the interferon-gamma levels were totally reversed in these two sets of animals. We also found elevated levels of circulating immune complexes in the sera from AK-5-rechallenged immune animals. We have also evaluated the cytotoxic potential of splenocytes and pure natural killer cells from immune animals rechallenged with AK-5 cells, and have found a significant increase in antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Similarly, in vitro proliferation of total splenocytes and nylon-wool non-adherent cells from immune animals was much higher compared with the normal animals. The present study thus suggests antigen-independent maintenance of clonal burst size, which could be the form of immune memory induced by AK-5 tumor in the syngeneic host.
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