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- Nettelbladt, Ulrika, et al.
(författare)
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Samtalspartnerns inverkan på barns språk
- 1990
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Ingår i: Samtal och språkundervisning: Studier till Lennart Gustavssons minne. - 917870734X ; , s. 87-103
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Lindquist, Göran, 1923, et al.
(författare)
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Organisk psykiatri. Teoretiska och kliniska aspekter : Organic Psychiatry. Theoretical and clinical aspects.
- 1990
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this book a theory about the nature of organic mental disorders (in the narrow sense) and a new diagnostic system for them are presented. The diagnostic concepts used are mainly rooted in the classical Central European psychiatric tradition but have been modified in the light of recently published research and the authors' own clinical experience from different parts of organic psychiatry.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Almqvist, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Handbok i hörselmätning
- 1990
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna bok ger en grundläggande kunskap om hörseln samt förmedlar förutsättningar för olika hörselmätmetoder. Viktiga inslag är felkällor vid hörselmätning, tolkning av mätresultat och lämplig teststrategi i olika tillämpningar. Inläst ur LIC, 1990
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| 5. |
- Angelborg-Thanderz, Maud
(författare)
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Prisvärd militär flygning med rimliga risker
- 1990
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ytters är skälen till undersökningarna i denna avhandling ekonomiska. Att flyga moderna krisgsflygplan är dyrt. Kan effektiv träning bedrivas intermittent i stället för kontinuerligt? Kan billigare skolflygplan vara ettkomplement till krigsflygplan i systemutbildningen? En studie av intermittent flygning på jaktflygplan gjordes i två etapper, först i simulator - del I i avhandlingen - och sedan i luften - del II i avhandlingen. En del av en attackstudie med kompletteringsflygning i skolflygplan är del III. Studierna hade en experiment-kontrollgrupps-design. I jaktstudien jämfördes avgångna flygförare med aktiv personal. I attackstudien jämfördes aktiva förare vid en experimentdivision med likaledes aktiva förare vid en kontrolldivision. Prestationsvärdering är av avgörande betydelse i undersökningarna. Parallellt med flygförarnas prestation har även deras arbetsbelastning mätts både i simulator och i luften, liksom deras ansträngning, motivation och sinnesstämning. Prognosen från simulator till luften angående förarnas kapacitet och operativa användbarhet kunde förbättras, när hänsyn togs även till andra variabler än prestation. Modeller av flygförares funktion och prestation under flygning kunde konstrueras med utgångspunkt från den utmaning, d v s risk och svårighet, som upplevdes före flygning.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Esbjörner, Elisabeth, 1947-
(författare)
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Studies on albumin binding properties in pregnancy and early infancy : with special reference to maternal sulphasalazine treatment
- 1990
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sulphasalazine (SASP) has been avoided during the later part of pregnancy and during breast-feeding as some sulphonamides possess the ability to displace bilirubin from albumin and thus increase the risk of bilirubin-induced brain damage in jaundiced neonates. However, withdrawal of SASP in a woman with ulcerative colitis would mean a cqnsiderable risk of relapse of her disease.In this study, SASP and its metabolite sulphapyridine (SP) was shown to pass the placenta. Sulphapyridine but not SASP appeared in breast-milk, although concentrations in breast-fed infants were low. The substances were eliminated slower in newborns than in adults.The possible bilirubin-displacing effect of SASP and SP was evaluated by using the MADDS (monoacetyldiaminodiphenyl sulphone) method to determine the binding 'properties of serum albumin.MADDS is used as a deputy ligand for bilirubin. In vivo and in vitro studies, using the MADDS and the peroxidase methods, showed that SASP and SP in pharmacological concentrations did not displace bilirubin from albumin.During that study it was noted that the reserve albumin concentration for MADDS was far lower in women at delivery than in non-pregnant women. In a longitudinally followed group of pregnant women, the reserve albumin concentration was gradually lowered during pregnancy, reaching 530/o of the concentration in non-pregnant women at term. This can have pharmacokinetic effects on those drugs that share the binding function on albumin with MADDS and bilirubin. The reduction of the reserve albumin concentration was due to a reduced albumin concentration during pregnancy but also to a reduced binding ability of the albumin molecule.
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| 8. |
- Rahm Hallberg, Ingalill, 1944-
(författare)
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Vocally disruptive behaviour in severely demented patients in relation to institutional care provided
- 1990
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Thirty-seven patients identified as vocally disruptive and a control group, selected from 264 patients at psychogeriatric wards were studied. Tape-recordings of their vocal behaviour, ratings of their functional performance and symptoms related to dementia, observations of their behaviour, activities and interaction with caregivers were performed. Seventeen plus sixteen caregivers were interviewed to give their interpretation of the experience behind the behaviour and describe their own experience of it. The severely demented vocally disruptive patients were found to be significantly more physically dependant, disorientated at the ward and prone to confusional reactions but they had a more preserved speech performance than the controls. The vocal activity expressed such as helplessness, pain, fear and protest. Some were emotionally indifferent and a few expressed positive emotions. Caregivers interpreted the behaviour as an expression of anxiety related to such as abandonment, dissolution and loss of autonomy. They also expressed a strong wish to comfort the patients but felt unable to do so. The patients' daily life was characterized by idleness and solitude. Caring activities and interactions were dominated by physical procedures performed in a fragmentary and rapid way. Two hypotheses are generated. 1. Vocally disruptive behaviour develops influenced by sensory deprivation and the brain damage. 2. The care provided is influenced by caregivers experiencing anxiety in the patients as well as experiencing a conflict between the care they would like to provide and the care they actually provide. This evokes anxiety in them which elicits defence mechanisms leading to emotional withdrawal from the patients and task oriented care. The results are discussed in a nursing perspective based on existential thoughts, psychoanalytic and psychosocial theory.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Uddenfeldt, Per, 1948-
(författare)
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Primary biliary cirrhosis : an epidemiological and clinical study based on patients from northern Sweden
- 1990
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic cholestatic liver disease, which primarily affects middle-aged women. The liver histology is characterized by inflammation and destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts as well as a high frequency of granuloma. Although the etiology is unknown, the occurrence of associated multiorganic abnormalities such as Sjogren's syndrome, scleroderma, rheumatic disorders and thyroid gland diseases have been cited as evidence favouring an autoimmune background.Addison and Gull in 1851 described the first patient with jaundice and xanthomatosis. PBC was first mentioned in 1876 as an entity by Hanot. PBC was considered to be a rare disease until in 1973 Sherlock and Scheuer described 100 patients. Since then a greater awareness of the disease combined with a wider use of laboratory screening methods has led to the discovery of an increasing number of patients with PBC.In an epidemiological investigation of PBC in the northern part of Sweden a point prevalence of 151 per 106 was found, which is the highest so far reported, and the mean annual incidence amounted to 13.3 per 106. Asymptomatic PBC was present in more than one third of the patients which is consistent with the finding in other epidemiological investigations and is supposed to explain the higher prevalence of PBC and the better prognosis. Nevertheless 25 patients died during the study period, 14 as a direct consequence of the liver disease. Chronic intrahepatic cholestasis has been reported in sarcoidosis and, moreover, a high frequency of liver granuloma is found. The implication of the present study is that a negative Kveim test in combination with positive mitochondrial antibodies is accurate in differentiating PBC from sarcoidosis. Multisystem involvement is frequently observed in PBC and the present study confirms this. In the prospective investigation of 26 PBC patients 50 % had arthropathy considered to be associated with PBC. Rheumatoid arthritis was found in 5 patients, who all had symptoms of liver disease in addition. Lung function impairment was present in 56% (1 asymptomatic PBC). Most commonly a reduced diffusion capacity was found (36%). Bronchial asthma was present in three patients, and severe lung emphysema in one. Features of Sjogren's syndrome was found in 73% (3 asymptomatic PBC). In 6 patients keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) was evident with the rose bengal test demonstrating corneal staining and a Schirmer test of less than 5 mm. Radiological findings of sialectasia were demonstrated in 6 patients, of whom 5 had KCS as well. The ultimate treatment in PBC is liver transplantation and to calculate the need for that, good epidemiological surveys are needed, and also indicators of hepatocellular function. The present investigation indicates that determination of the von Willebrand factor could be used for this purpose.
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