| 1. |
- Norgren, Lars, et al.
(författare)
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Immune response to collagen impregnated Dacron double velour grafts for aortic and aorto-femoral reconstructions
- 1990
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Ingår i: European Journal of Vascular Surgery. - 0950-821X. ; 4:4, s. 379-384
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study presents 20 patients, randomised to receive either a collagen-treated or an ordinary Dacron graft for aortic reconstructions, and the results of a skin-prick test, blood parameters and ELISA for anti-collagen antibodies as well as NMR pictures during a 6 week follow-up period. Forty per cent (4/11) of those receiving a collagen impregnated graft had a significantly increased titre of antibodies and NMR revealed in two out of 11 patients either a slightly increased amount of fluid or fibrosis around the graft, both collagen impregnated. No differences were found between the graft groups concerning body temperature and leucocyte or platelet counts. The skin-prick test for collagen was negative in all cases.
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| 2. |
- Maeder, Philippe P, et al.
(författare)
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Colloid cysts of the third ventricle: correlation of MR and CT findings with histology and chemical analysis
- 1990
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Ingår i: AJNR. - 1936-959X. ; 155:1, s. 135-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eight patients with colloid cysts of the third ventricle were examined with CT and MR. In six, surgical resection was performed and the material was subjected to histologic evaluation; the concentrations of trace elements were determined by particle-induced X-ray emission. Stereotaxic aspiration was performed in two. The investigation showed that colloid cysts are often iso- or hypodense relative to brain on CT (5/8), but sometimes have a center of increased density. Increased density did not correlate with increased concentration of calcium or other metals but did not correlate with high cholesterol content. Colloid cysts appear more heterogeneous on MR (6/8) than on CT (3/8), despite a homogeneous appearance at histology. High signal on short TR/TE sequences is correlated with a high cholesterol content. A marked shortening of the T2 relaxation time is often noticed in the central part of the cyst. Analysis of trace elements showed that this phenomenon is not related to the presence of metals with paramagnetic effects. Our analysis of the contents of colloid cysts does not support the theory that differing metallic concentrations are responsible for differences in MR signal intensity or CT density. We did find that increased CT density and high MR signal correlated with high cholesterol content.
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| 3. |
- Brattström, L, et al.
(författare)
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Pyridoxine reduces cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein and increases antithrombin III activity in 80-year-old men with low plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate
- 1990
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 50:8, s. 873-877
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously observed that pyridoxine treatment reduced plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations and increased antithrombin III (AT III) activity in atherosclerotic patients with subnormal plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP) levels. In order to confirm these results, we selected 17 males with low plasma PLP levels from a group of 122 80-year-old males in whom PLP has been determined. After supplementation with 120 mg of pyridoxine per day for 8 weeks their mean plasma TC and LDL cholesterol concentrations were decreased by 10% (p less than 0.01) and 17% (p less than 0.001), respectively. There was no effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides but plasma AT III activity was increased by 6% (p less than 0.05). The mechanism by which pyridoxine acts is unclear but it is hypothesized that pyridoxine-derived PLP may enhance the catabolism of LDL and the activity of AT III by inhibiting their glycosylation.
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| 4. |
- Lindholm, C E, et al.
(författare)
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Arterial rupture after microwave-induced hyperthermia and radiotherapy. With reference to two patients treated for recurrence in previously operated and irradiated areas
- 1990
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Ingår i: International Journal of Hyperthermia. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0265-6736 .- 1464-5157. ; 6:3, s. 499-509
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two patients who developed frank arterial bleeding after combined microwave-induced hyperthermia and radiotherapy are described. One patient received re-irradiation and hyperthermia for recurrent metastatic neck nodes of a mesopharyngeal carcinoma. Full course radiotherapy had been given 6 years previously and a right-sided radical neck node dissection had been performed 4 months earlier because of recurrent neck node metastases. Six weeks after the combined therapy for a second recurrence, which achieved complete remission, a fatal rupture of the carotid artery occurred. The other patient received re-irradiation and hyperthermia for a chest wall recurrence of a breast carcinoma, treated 5.5 years previously by sector resection and tangential beam radiotherapy, and treated again 2 years earlier with extensive surgery for a local recurrence. A frank arterial bleeding from the treated region was seen after 7 months, but could be arrested with surgery. This important complication in combined hyperthermia and radiotherapy does not seem to have been recognized before. Different explanations are discussed, such as the previous local treatment as well as high temperature and atherosclerosis per se.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Torffvit, Ole, et al.
(författare)
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Urinary excretion of the carboxy terminal domain of type IV collagen is associated with kidney size and function in IDDM
- 1990
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Ingår i: Journal of Diabetic Complications. - 0891-6632. ; 4:4, s. 166-169
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated whether urinary excretion of the carboxy terminal domain (NC1) of Type IV collagen is associated with glomerular filtration rate and kidney size in Type I (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (IDDM). Urinary excretion rate of NC1, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and kidney size were measured in 16 men with Type I diabetes. Their mean age was 33.3 +/- 6.1 years with a duration of diabetes of 14.9 +/- 3.7 years (mean +/- SD). The urinary excretion rate of NC1 was higher in the diabetic patients than in 18 healthy control subjects. Urinary excretion of NC1 was associated with both kidney size, parenchymal width, and GFR (r = 0.73, p = 0.001; r = 0.63, p = 0.009; r = 0.53, p = 0.04, respectively). The exact relationship between these factors and basement membrane turnover/synthesis remains to be elucidated.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Sandberg Wollheim, Magnhild, et al.
(författare)
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A long-term prospective study of optic neuritis: evaluation of risk factors
- 1990
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Ingår i: Annals of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 1531-8249 .- 0364-5134. ; 27:4, s. 386-393
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eighty-six patients with monosymptomatic optic neuritis of unknown cause were followed prospectively for a median period of 12.9 years. At onset, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis was present in 46 patients (53%) but oligoclonal immunoglobulin in only 40 (47%) of the patients. The human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR2 was present in 45 (52%). Clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS) was established in 33 patients. Actuarial analysis showed that the cumulative probability of developing MS within 15 years was 45%. Three risk factors were identified: low age and abnormal CSF at onset, and early recurrence of optic neuritis. Female gender, onset in the winter season, and the presence of HLA-DR2 antigen increased the risk for MS, but not significantly. Magnetic resonance imaging detected bilateral discrete white matter lesions, similar to those in MS, in 11 of 25 patients, 7 to 18 years after the isolated attack of optic neuritis. Nine were among the 13 with abnormal CSF and only 2 belonged to the group of 12 with normal CSF (p = 0.01). Normal CSF at the onset of optic neuritis conferred better prognosis but did not preclude the development of MS.
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| 9. |
- Vagianos, C, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of alpha-adrenoceptor active drugs, prostaglandin F2 alpha and vasopressin on cystic and hepatic arteries of pig and man
- 1990
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Ingår i: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - 1600-0773. ; 66:2, s. 77-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human and pig cystic and pig hepatic arteries were suspended in tissue baths and the effect of alpha-adrenoceptor selective drugs, prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and vasopressin were investigated. Prazosin fulfilled the criteria for competitive antagonism in concentrations 10(-9)-10(-7) M. The pA2-values were 9.53 in human cystic, 9.74 in pig cystic, and 9.57 in pig hepatic artery. Rauwolscine had no significant effect in the different arteries. In human cystic artery noradrenaline had significantly (P less than 0.05) higher Emax and pEC50-values (135% of the preceding K(+)-induced contraction and 6.4, respectively) compared with pig cystic (106% and 5.7, respectively) and pig hepatic artery (116% and 5.9, respectively). Vasopressin had no effect in the cystic arteries, whereas it had a high potency (pEC50 was 8.5) but low intrinsic activity (Emax was 14%) in pig hepatic artery. Prostaglandin F2 alpha had a significantly higher Emax in human than in pig arteries. No differences were found in pEC50-values. This study indicates a similarity in pharmacological characteristics of some vasoactive drugs especially between pig cystic and hepatic arteries. If this is also true in man, the easily obtainable cystic artery can be used for screening the effect of drugs on the hepatic artery.
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| 10. |
- Babiker-Mohamed, H, et al.
(författare)
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Alpha 1-microglobulin is mitogenic to human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Regulation by both enhancing and suppressive serum factors
- 1990
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Ingår i: Immunobiology. - 1878-3279. ; 180:2-3, s. 221-234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human alpha 1-microglobulin (alpha 1-m), a 26 kilodalton serum glycoprotein, was found to exert mitogenic effects on human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) in serum-free medium. Purified T cells, but not B cells, responded with proliferation to alpha 1-m, but only in the presence of monocytes. The mitogenic activity could be partially neutralized by a mouse monoclonal antibody against alpha 1-m. The mitogenicity was species-specific, since alpha 1-m homologues from rats, guinea pigs and rabbits had no effect on human PBL. In a previous study, no effect of alpha 1-m was seen on PBL in the presence of 20% serum, and, therefore, we studied the influence of different concentrations of serum on the alpha 1-m-induced mitogenicity. Thus, human serum enhanced the mitogenic effects of alpha 1-m on human PBL at 1% concentration (v/v) and suppressed the effects at 10%. The suppressing effect of serum at 10%, but not the enhancing effect at 1%, seemed to be conserved among several species. To test the effect of serum proteins of different molecular sizes, human autologous serum was separated by gel chromatography on Sephadex G-200 into four fractions. Fractions 1 and 2 (roughly containing proteins larger than 100 kilodaltons) suppressed the mitogenic effects of alpha 1-m, while fractions 3 and 4 enhanced the stimulation by alpha 1-m, at 0.5% and concentrations above. It is concluded that the mitogenic effect of alpha 1-m on lymphocytes is regulated by several serum factors, both enhancing and suppressive, that does not have any proliferative effect of their own. It can be speculated that the balance between enhancing and suppressing co-factors in the blood determines the degree of the stimulation of lymphocytes by alpha 1-m. This is compatible with an immunomodulatory role for alpha 1-m, in spite of its relatively constant plasma levels in health and disease.
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