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- Vagianos, C, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of alpha-adrenoceptor active drugs, prostaglandin F2 alpha and vasopressin on cystic and hepatic arteries of pig and man
- 1990
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Ingår i: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - 1600-0773. ; 66:2, s. 77-82
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Human and pig cystic and pig hepatic arteries were suspended in tissue baths and the effect of alpha-adrenoceptor selective drugs, prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha) and vasopressin were investigated. Prazosin fulfilled the criteria for competitive antagonism in concentrations 10(-9)-10(-7) M. The pA2-values were 9.53 in human cystic, 9.74 in pig cystic, and 9.57 in pig hepatic artery. Rauwolscine had no significant effect in the different arteries. In human cystic artery noradrenaline had significantly (P less than 0.05) higher Emax and pEC50-values (135% of the preceding K(+)-induced contraction and 6.4, respectively) compared with pig cystic (106% and 5.7, respectively) and pig hepatic artery (116% and 5.9, respectively). Vasopressin had no effect in the cystic arteries, whereas it had a high potency (pEC50 was 8.5) but low intrinsic activity (Emax was 14%) in pig hepatic artery. Prostaglandin F2 alpha had a significantly higher Emax in human than in pig arteries. No differences were found in pEC50-values. This study indicates a similarity in pharmacological characteristics of some vasoactive drugs especially between pig cystic and hepatic arteries. If this is also true in man, the easily obtainable cystic artery can be used for screening the effect of drugs on the hepatic artery.
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| 2. |
- Vagianos, C, et al.
(författare)
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Reversal of lethal citrate intoxication by intravenous infusion of calcium. An experimental study in pigs
- 1990
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Ingår i: Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica. - 0001-5482. ; 156:10, s. 671-675
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intravenous infusions of 750 and 1000 ml 2.2% sodium citrate were given over a 60 min period to 17 pigs to study its effect on aortic pressure, electrocardiogram, ionised calcium, and citrate clearance. In group 1 (seven pigs) the animals did not receive calcium and the median survival time was 30 min (range 20-70 min). In groups 2 and 3 (five in each group) the pigs were treated with calcium chloride infusions (1 ml 10% calcium chloride to 10 ml citrate) and they all survived. In group 1 the ionised calcium concentrations in blood fell to values below 0.4 mmol/l, after which the blood pressure dropped abruptly. In the animals treated with calcium the mean ionised calcium concentration fell to 0.6 mmol/l, whereas total calcium increased to more than 7 mmol/l. The aortic pressure was consistently within normal values in the groups treated with calcium, but in the group that was not treated the blood pressure fell dramatically. There was no correlation between electrocardiographic changes and ionised calcium concentrations. In summary, calcium was an effective antidote to lethal citrate intoxication, and the only reliable method of determining the necessary dose of calcium was monitoring of ionised calcium concentrations.
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