| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Eriksson, Bengt I., 1946, et al.
(författare)
-
Prevention of deep-vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism after total hip replacement. Comparison of low-molecular-weight heparin and unfractionated heparin.
- 1991
-
Ingår i: The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume. - 0021-9355. ; 73:4, s. 484-93
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a prospective, randomized, double-blind study, the efficacy and safety of a low-molecular-weight heparin were compared with those of unfractionated sodium heparin (standard heparin) in 136 patients who had elective total hip replacement. The patients received subcutaneous injection of either 5000 international units of low-molecular-weight heparin once daily or 5000 international units of standard heparin three times a day. Treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin began twelve hours before the operation, and treatment with standard heparin began two hours preoperatively; both regimens were continued for ten days. Twelve days postoperatively, bilateral ascending phlebography was performed in 122 patients, sixty-three in the treatment group that received low-molecular-weight heparin and fifty-nine in the treatment group that received standard heparin. Pulmonary scintigraphy was performed in 127 patients. Deep-vein thrombosis was diagnosed in forty-four patients: nineteen (30 per cent) of the sixty-three who received low-molecular-weight heparin and twenty-five (42 per cent) of the fifty-nine who received standard heparin. All but four patients, two from each treatment group, were asymptomatic. The difference in the total rate of thrombosis in the two groups was not significant (p = 0.189). However, thrombosis occurred in the thigh in only six (10 per cent) of the patients who received low-molecular-weight heparin but in eighteen (31 per cent) of those who received standard heparin, a significant difference (p = 0.011). Pulmonary embolism was detected in twenty-seven patients: eight (12.3 per cent) of those who received low-molecular-weight heparin and nineteen (30.6 per cent) of those who received standard heparin. Only three patients had clinical signs of embolism. Pulmonary embolism was significantly more frequent in the group that received standard heparin (p = 0.016). Total loss of blood and the total amount of blood that was transfused were significantly reduced in the patients who received low-molecular-weight heparin compared with those who received standard heparin. Prophylaxis was not discontinued because of hemorrhage in any patient. The efficacy of low-molecular-weight heparin was superior to that of standard heparin in the prevention of femoral thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, although the over-all incidence of deep-vein thrombosis was not statistically different.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
|
|
| 3. |
- Jern, Sverker, 1954, et al.
(författare)
-
'Polycythaemia of stress' in subjects with Type A and Type B behaviour patterns.
- 1991
-
Ingår i: Journal of psychosomatic research. - 0022-3999. ; 35:1, s. 91-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To determine the importance of emotional stress for relative polycythaemia, we studied 11 subjects with the Type A and 11 subjects with the Type B behaviour patterns during short-term mental stress. All subjects were healthy, normotensive non-smoking young males aged 20-34 yr. without any medication. During rest there were no significant differences in heart rate, blood pressure, or plasma catecholamines between the two groups, but the A-group had significantly higher haemoglobin concentration (147 vs 140 g/l; p less than 0.005) and haematocrit (43.8 vs 42.1%: p = 0.05) than the B-group. In the whole group, there was a positive correlation between resting diastolic blood pressure and haemoglobin concentration (r = 0.53; p less than 0.05). In response to 10 min of mental arithmetic, haematocrit, haemoglobin and erythrocyte count rose approximately 2% (p less than 0.001 throughout). The stress-induced changes were not significantly different between the A- and B-groups. It is concluded that mild relative polycythaemia could be induced by acute emotional stress. In subjects with the Type A behaviour pattern a slight haemoconcentration is present already at rest, which further increases during stress.
|
|
| 4. |
- Wadenvik, Hans, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
Leukocyte removal filtration of platelet concentrates. A study of platelet loss using 111In-labelled platelets and dynamic gamma camera scintigraphy.
- 1991
-
Ingår i: European journal of haematology. - 0902-4441. ; 47:3, s. 192-6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- 111In labelled platelets and gamma camera scintigraphy were used for the study of the platelet loss during leukocyte removal filtration of stored platelets. Two different filters were examined, Imugard IG500 and Pall PL100, and platelet pools containing varying number of platelet concentrates were filtered. It was found that a sizeable amount of the platelets was trapped within the filter. Some of the trapped platelets could be recovered by rinsing the filters with normal saline. The most appropriate rinsing volume to recover lost platelets seemed to match with the "dead space" volume within the filter. It is concluded that radiolabelled platelets and gamma camera scintigraphy appears to be an excellent method to investigate the dynamic events of platelet loss during leukocyte removal filtration. This technique should be well applicable for the study of technological advances in filter construction.
|
|
| 5. |
- Wadenvik, Hans, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
The in vivo kinetics of 111In- and 51Cr-labelled platelets: a comparative study using both stored and fresh platelets.
- 1991
-
Ingår i: British journal of haematology. - 0007-1048. ; 78:4, s. 523-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The in vivo kinetics of simultaneously injected 51Cr- and 111In-labelled platelets was investigated in 20 healthy male volunteers. The studies were carried out using both fresh platelets and platelets stored for 5 d at 22 degrees C; the disappearance of platelet-bound radioactivity was measured on whole blood samples as well as platelet pellets. Compared to 111In, the labelling efficiency was notably lower for 51Cr, and a higher amount of 51Cr was bound to contaminating red cells. As regards the fresh platelets, only small dissimilarities were observed in the in vivo kinetics obtained with the two labels. 51Cr yielded a slightly higher platelet recovery and longer T1/2 than 111In, when whole blood samples were used for calculations; no differences were seen when using platelet pellets. When stored platelets were studied, 51Cr gave significantly longer T1/2 and mean life-span (MLS) than did 111In. This difference was present for all mathematical models used for the calculation of MLS, and when whole blood samples as well as platelet pellets were employed. It was demonstrated that the estimation of MLS was also highly dependent upon techniques of blood sampling and curve fitting. Calculation, in which the initial data points were excluded, gave consistently longer MLS (P less than 0.0001), as compared to when all data points were included. Furthermore, when all survival studies were grouped together, calculations using platelet pellets gave a significantly (P less than 0.001) shorter platelet MLS than calculations using whole blood samples. It is concluded that both 51Cr and 111In are acceptable as radiolabels for both fresh and stored platelets. However, it appears that the viability of stored platelets may be influenced by the choice of label, and caution must be taken when these isotopes are used together in dual tracer experiments. Also, our results show that a meticulously standardized processing of blood samples and experimental data is required to enable interlaboratory comparisons of the results.
|
|
| 6. |
- Wadenvik, Hans, 1955, et al.
(författare)
-
The effect of alpha-interferon on bone marrow megakaryocytes and platelet production rate in essential thrombocythemia.
- 1991
-
Ingår i: Blood. - 0006-4971. ; 77:10, s. 2103-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 10 patients with previously untreated essential thrombocythemia (ET), by using 111In-labeled platelets and megakaryocyte morphometry, the relation between platelet production rate and bone marrow megakaryocytes was evaluated before and during alpha-2b-interferon (IFN) therapy. A highly significant decrease in platelet count occurred during IFN therapy; the platelet counts, at baseline and after 2 and 6 months of IFN therapy, were 1,102 +/- 345 x 10(9)/L, 524 +/- 169 x 10(9)/L (P less than .0001), and 476 +/- 139 x 10(9)/L (P less than .0001), respectively. The decrement in platelet count was mainly a result of diminished platelet production rate, which at baseline and after 2 and 6 months of IFN therapy was 89 +/- 30 x 10(10) platelets/d, 53 +/- 18 x 10(10) platelets/d (P = .0033), and 45 +/- 20 x 10(10) platelets/d (P less than .0001), respectively. Also, a slight shortening of platelet mean life-span (MLS) was observed in response to IFN treatment; platelet MLS was 7.96 +/- 0.69 days at baseline and 6.68 +/- 1.30 days (P = .012) after 6 months of IFN therapy. IFN induced a significant decrease in bone marrow megakaryocyte volume; both megakaryocyte nuclear and cytoplasmatic volumes were affected. The mean megakaryocyte volume was 372 +/- 126 x 10(2) pL/microL at baseline and 278 +/- 147 x 10(2) pL/microL (P = .049) after 6 months of IFN therapy. However, the number of megakaryocytes did not show any significant change in response to IFN. It is concluded that alpha-IFN reduces platelet production rate and the peripheral platelet count in ET mainly through an anti-proliferative action on the megakaryocytes and to a considerably lesser degree by a shortening of platelet MLS.
|
|
