| 1. |
- Graf, W, et al.
(författare)
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Delorme's operation for rectal prolapse in elderly or unfit patients.
- 1992
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Ingår i: European Journal of Surgery. - 1102-4151 .- 1741-9271. ; 158:10, s. 555-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results after Delorme's operation for rectal prolapse in elderly and unfit patients.DESIGN: Retrospective analysis and telephone interview.SETTING: Akademiska sjukhuset, Uppsala, Sweden.SUBJECTS: A consecutive series of 14 women (median age 82, range 32-92) operated on for rectal prolapse 1987-1992 and followed up after a median of 18 months.RESULTS: There were no serious postoperative complications. Continence was improved in 6/11 incontinent patients. The recurrence rate was 3/14 (21%).CONCLUSION: Delorme's operation is an attractive alternative in elderly or unfit patients, but is not recommended for younger and low risk patients because of the recurrence rate.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Raab, Y, et al.
(författare)
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A technique for segmental rectal and colonic perfusion in humans.
- 1992
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Ingår i: American Journal of Gastroenterology. - 0002-9270 .- 1572-0241. ; 87:10, s. 1453-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To enable a better characterization of pathophysiologic processes in colon and rectum, we have developed a perfusion technique for collection of soluble substances and cells from standardized intestinal segments. A tube with balloons attached to its outer wall was endoscopically introduced into the rectum and sigmoid colon, and its position ascertained fluoroscopically. The balloons delimited two segments, one in the sigmoid colon and one in the rectum. The segments were simultaneously perfused by a buffer at 37 degrees C. After a 30-min rinsing period, perfusate and cells were collected at 20-min intervals. Of 51 attempted perfusions, 45 were successfully completed. Recovered volumes equaled those infused. Leakage from the proximal intestine to the segments was negligible. In 18 healthy volunteers, the mean perfusate concentration from the rectal segment was 57.5 (27.5-120.2) mg/L for albumin, 1.3 (1.0-1.7) micrograms/L for eosinophil cationic protein, 5.1 (2.8-9.5) ng/L for prostaglandin E2, and 61.7 (41.7-89.1) micrograms/L for hyaluronan, and all values were lower in the sigmoid segment. Steady state conditions were achieved from the second perfusion period. The perfusate contained 4-80 x 10(4) cells, more than 95% of which were epithelial cells. The technique is safe, has a good subject compliance, and seems to be a valuable tool in investigations on quantitative release of soluble substances and cells in, e.g., colorectal inflammation.
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| 4. |
- Rasmussen, I, et al.
(författare)
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Splanchnic and total body oxygen consumption in experimental fecal peritonitis in pigs : effects of dextran and iloprost.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Circulatory shock. - 0092-6213. ; 36:4, s. 299-306
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tissue oxygenation in the gastrointestinal tract and in the liver was studied in a porcine model where septic shock was induced by fecal peritonitis. The effects of different fluid regimes were compared. In one group (n = 8) a moderate amount of crystalloid fluids was given, in another (n = 7) crystalloids and colloids, and in a third group (n = 6) iloprost, a prostacyclin analogue, was administered intra-arterially (10 ng x kg-1 b.w. x min-1) in combination with the crystalline and colloid fluid regime. Septic shock induced by fecal peritonitis reduced cardiac index and oxygen supply to splanchnic organs. Iloprost improved the hepatic arterial blood flow, and tended to attenuate the reduction in liver oxygen delivery. Oxygen consumption (VO2) in the gastrointestinal tract and the liver was significantly increased in the group given crystalloids. These animals developed a hypovolemic/hypodynamic septic shock. Liver VO2 in these animals became flow dependent reflected by increasing hepatic venous lactate values and inversion of lactate turnover by the liver. In the two other groups gastrointestinal and liver VO2 remained constant during the observation period. Oxygen extraction over the liver increased when oxygen delivery decreased. The increased liver VO2 is suggested to be secondary to impaired microcirculation and accumulation of macrophages and leukocytes in the septic liver.
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| 5. |
- Pisa, P, et al.
(författare)
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Selective expression of interleukin 10, interferon gamma, and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in ovarian cancer biopsies.
- 1992
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 89:16, s. 7708-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The variable clinical response seen with most cancer immunotherapy suggests that there is a large interindividual variation in immunologic response to tumors. One of the key functional parameters of an immune response is the local production of cytokines. As a method to survey the immune status of tumor-infiltrating cells, we have investigated the constitutive expression of cytokine mRNA in biopsies from epithelial ovarian carcinomas by using a PCR-assisted mRNA amplification assay. Using a set of cytokine-specific primers for 10 different cytokines, we have found selective expression of interleukin 10 (IL-10), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and interferon gamma mRNA in ovarian tumor tissue as compared to normal ovaries and ovarian tumor cell lines. Such differences could not be explained by the extent of T-cell infiltration, since comparing samples with the same intensity of T-cell receptor (TCR) constant region alpha-chain product from the tumor and normal biopsies demonstrated different cytokine patterns. No IL-2 gene expression was detected in the tumor biopsies. IL-2 mRNA, however, became expressed after stimulation of the tumor-derived cells via the CD3 molecule but not after growth in recombinant IL-2 alone. Using the same methodology, we also analyzed the TCR variable region beta-chain gene repertoire. No restriction or biased expression of these genes was observed.
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