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| 2. |
- Borg, Åke, et al.
(författare)
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ERBB2 amplification is associated with tamoxifen resistance in steroid-receptor positive breast cancer
- 1994
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Ingår i: Cancer Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 1872-7980 .- 0304-3835. ; 81:2, s. 137-144
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Amplification and overexpression of the ERBB2 (HER-2/neu) oncogene has been implicated as contributing to the development of human breast cancer, and as a predictor of poor survival. In the present non-randomized study of 871 primary invasive breast tumours, ERBB2 activation was significantly correlated to a shorter disease-free and overall survival in the subgroup of patients receiving adjuvant tamoxifen therapy, but not in the untreated group. Further subcategorization demonstrated the relationship to poor prognosis to be confined to lymph node positive and steroid receptor-positive tumours. We suggest that steroid receptor and ERBB2-positive breast tumours are resistant to tamoxifen therapy and, supported by experimental evidence showing an oestrogen receptor dependent up-regulation of ERBB2 expression upon tamoxifen administration, possibly even growth stimulated by the drug.
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| 3. |
- Fernö, Mårten, et al.
(författare)
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Cathepsin D, both a prognostic factor and a predictive factor for the effect of adjuvant tamoxifen in breast cancer. South Sweden Breast Cancer Group
- 1994
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer. - 1879-0852. ; 30a:14, s. 2042-2048
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cathepsin D is a lysosomal protease implicated in cancer metastasis. Its concentration in breast tumours has also been shown to be of prognostic importance, although to what extent this is subject to lymph node status, the use of adjuvant therapy and menopausal status has not been clearly evaluated. At a cut-off level of 45 pmol/mg protein (61% of the 623 samples were classified as high cathepsin D tumours; immunoradiometric assay), we found cathepsin D to be of prognostic importance only among breast cancer patients with lymph node-positive (N+) disease not treated with adjuvant tamoxifen. When the series was stratified according to cathepsin D content of their tumours, progesterone receptor (PgR) status and lymph node involvement, adjuvant tamoxifen was found to have a significant beneficial effect only among patients with N+ and PgR-positive breast cancer whose tumours had a high cathepsin D content.
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| 4. |
- Jernström, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Suppression of plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 levels in healthy, nulliparous, young women using low dose oral contraceptives
- 1994
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Ingår i: Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation. - 1423-002X. ; 38:4, s. 261-265
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels were analyzed in 43 healthy, nulliparous women aged 19-25 years. Blood samples were drawn in a standardized way in follicular and luteal phases, for present users during cycle days 5-10 and 18-23, respectively. In each women, absolute levels and a difference in p-IGF-1 levels between the two menstrual cycle phases (delta IGF-1) were related to oral contraceptive (OC) use, height, weight, age, gonadotropin and serum sexual hormone binding globulin (s-SHBG) levels. In the follicular phase and cycle days 5-10, absolute values of p-IGF-1 did not significantly differ between present, former and never users of OCs, in contrast to a significant difference (p = 0.0013) in the luteal phase and cycle days 18-23 between present users and never users, after adjustment for age. delta IGF-1 was significantly negatively correlated to present OC use, compared with nonusers (p = 0.0002). delta IGF-1 did not significantly differ between former and never users. While height and weight were not significantly related to delta IGF-1, there was a significant negative correlation between age and delta IGF-1 (p = 0.05). Also, s-SHBG and p-IGF-1 were significantly negatively related in the luteal phase and cycle days 18-23 after adjustment for age (p = 0.006), although this relationship disappeared after adjustment for present OC use.
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| 5. |
- Måsbäck, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Cutaneous malignant melanoma in South Sweden 1965, 1975, and 1985. A histopathologic review
- 1994
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Ingår i: Cancer. - 0008-543X. ; 73:6, s. 1625-1630
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. There is an increase in the incidence of cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) among white people throughout the world. In Sweden, a fivefold increase has been recorded since 1960, but the mortality is rising at a much lower rate. Tumor thickness is the single most important prognostic factor for primary melanoma. This study aimed to clarify whether the thickness of the tumor in invasive CMM decreased during the period 1965–1985. Methods. This population‐based study identified 574 cases of CMM, both invasive and noninvasive, in the South Swedish Health Care Region in 1965, 1975, and 1985. Twenty‐six cases were excluded because the collection or evaluation of the material was not possible. The remaining 548 cases were reviewed histopathologically, and a diagnosis of invasive CMM was rejected in 71 cases. Eventually, 467 cases of invasive melanoma remained in our study (70 in 1965, 124 in 1975, and 273 in 1985). The level of invasion, tumor thickness, regression, ulceration, presence of inflammatory cells, benign naevus cells, and the site of presentation were studied. Results. The study found neither a significant decrease of tumor thickness of invasive CMM nor changes in the level of invasion or proportion of ulcerated melanoma. A significantly higher proportion of melanoma tumors containing benign naevus cells was seen throughout the years (P < 0.05). Women had significantly fewer inflammatory cells in their tumors than did men (P < 0.01). As expected, the anatomical site of presentation showed a significant sex‐related difference, with more tumors on the legs of female patients and more on the trunk of male patients (P < 0.001). Conclusions. There is a divergence between the rapidly increasing incidence and the slower increase in mortality of CMM. This cannot be explained by a removal of the melanoma at a thinner thickness. Differences between the sexes according to the tumor site and the increasing rate of CMM containing benign naevus cells could implicate changes in the tumor biology. Public education in Sweden concerning ultraviolet radiation and the connection with melanoma is fairly new and might not have any influence on this time period. Additional investigation is needed to clarify this matter.
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| 6. |
- Söderqvist, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolism of estrone sulfate by normal breast tissue : Influence of menopausal status and oral contraceptives
- 1994
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Ingår i: Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-0760. ; 48:2-3, s. 221-224
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The metabolism of [ 3 H]estrone sulfate ([ 3 H]E 1 S) was studied in normal breast tissue from 10 premenopausal women without oral contraceptives (OC), in 12 OC users and in 9 untreated postmenopausal women. [ 3 H]E 1 S was converted into estrone ([ 3 H]E 1 ) and estradiol-17β ([ 3 H]E 2 ) by tissue samples from all three groups of women, with only minor formation of other unconjugated compounds. The rate of [ 3 H]E 2 formation was significantly higher in premenopausal women without OC than in postmenopausal women. Among premenopausal women, OC users had a significantly lower rate of total hydrolysis and of [ 3 H]E 1 formation than non-users. The rate of total hydrolysis of [ 3 H]E 1 S in normal breast tissue from all three groups of women was similar to that in muscle, but the rate of [ 3 H]E 2 formation was ten times higher. Both total hydrolysis rate and rate of [ 3 H]E 2 formation were significantly lower in normal breast tissue than in breast carcinoma and in normal and neoplastic endometrium. The specific ability of normal breast tissue to convert E 1 S into the terminal biologically active estrogen E 2 may be important for estrogenic stimulation of the breast in subjects with low circulating E 2 levels. The lower rate of E 1 formation in OC users may reflect an inhibitory effect of the progestagen compound in such preparations.
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| 7. |
- Westerdahl, J, et al.
(författare)
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Use of sunbeds or sunlamps and malignant melanoma in southern Sweden
- 1994
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - 0002-9262. ; 140:8, s. 9-691
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In a population-based, matched case-control study from the South Swedish Health Care Region, which has the highest risk for melanoma in Sweden, the relation between the use of sunbeds or sunlamps and malignant melanoma was investigated. Between July 1, 1988, and June 30, 1990, a total of 400 melanoma patients and 640 healthy controls aged 15-75 years answered a comprehensive questionnaire containing different epidemiologic variables. Questions regarding the use of sunbeds or sunlamps were included. The odds ratio for developing malignant melanoma after ever having used sunbeds or sunlamps was 1.3. Considering all age groups, the odds ratio was significantly elevated after exposure more than 10 times a year to sunbeds or sunlamps (odds ratio (OR) = 1.8). When the study was restricted to patients and controls younger than age 30 years because the use of tanning devices is much more common among young persons, the odds ratio was higher (OR = 7.7 for more than 10 times a year vs. none). These findings were independent of constitutional factors and factors regarding sun exposure. A dose-response relation was evident. Furthermore, among melanoma patients in this young age group, the ratio of females to males was significantly higher than in older patients. When different melanoma presentation sites were considered, only lesions of the trunk were significantly associated with sunbed or sunlamp use (OR = 4.2 for more than 10 times a year vs. none).
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