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- Johannsson, Gudmundur, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Serum leptin concentration and insulin sensitivity in men with abdominal obesity.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Obesity research. - 1071-7323. ; 6:6, s. 416-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have examined the association between generalized adiposity, abdominal adiposity, insulin sensitivity, and serum levels of leptin in a cross-sectional study of abdominally obese men.Thirty men, 48 to 66 years of age with a body mass index (BMI) of between 25 kg/m2 and 35 kg/m2 and a waist hip ratio of >0.95, were included in the study. Serum leptin concentration was measured using radioimmunoassay. Total body fat percentage was determined from total body potassium, abdominal adiposity was measured by computed tomography, and the glucose disposal rate (GDR) was measured during an euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic glucose clamp.Significant correlations were found between serum leptin concentration and BMI, percentage body fat, abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, serum insulin, GDR, and 24-hour urinary-free cortisol. In a multiple regression analysis, it was shown that abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue, GDR, and BMI explained 72% of the variability of serum leptin concentration. GDR demonstrated an independent inverse correlation with serum leptin concentration.In abdominally obese men with insulin resistance, it was demonstrated that most of the individual variability in serum leptin concentration was explained by the amount of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue, insulin sensitivity, and BMI.
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- Ejeskär, K, et al.
(författare)
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Loss of heterozygosity of 3p markers in neuroblastoma tumours implicate a tumour-suppressor locus distal to the FHIT gene.
- 1998
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Ingår i: British journal of cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0007-0920 .- 1532-1827. ; 77:11, s. 1787-91
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neuroblastoma is a heterogeneous childhood tumour of the sympathetic nervous system, in which deletions of chromosomal region 1p and amplification of the MYCN oncogene correlate with aggressive tumour behaviour. However, the majority of neuroblastoma tumours show neither of these aberrations, indicating that other chromosomal regions may be involved in tumorigenesis. Here, we report findings of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 3. In our neuroblastoma material, nine of 59 (15.3%) tested tumours showed allelic loss of chromosome 3p markers. We found significant clinical and biological differences between tumours with the loss of one entire chromosome 3 vs tumours with partial loss in chromosome region 3p. All children with tumours with whole chromosome 3 loss are long-term survivors, whereas all children with tumours showing partial 3p LOH have died from tumour progression. A consensus region found to be deleted in all the tumours with 3p deletions was defined by markers D3S1286 and D3S1295, i.e. 3p25.3-p14.3, distal to the FHIT gene.
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- Herlitz, Johan, 1949, et al.
(författare)
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Experience with the use of automated external defibrillators in out of hospital cardiac arrest.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - 0300-9572. ; 37:1, s. 3-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To describe the sequences of arrhythmias, number of shocks delivered and the number of failures in a consecutive series of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest attended by our emergency medical service (EMS) and in whom cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was initiated and in whom automated external defibrillators (AEDs) were used.
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- Kölby, Lars, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Somatostatin receptor subtypes, octreotide scintigraphy, and clinical response to octreotide treatment in patients with neuroendocrine tumors.
- 1998
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Ingår i: World journal of surgery. - 0364-2313. ; 22:7, s. 679-83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several types of neuroendocrine tumor express high numbers of somatostatin receptors (sstr). We have compared the expression of sstr subtypes with the outcome of octreotide scintigraphy in patients with carcinoids and medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) in comparison with Hürthle cell tumors. The effect of sstr activation (octreotide treatment) on tumor markers was also studied in patients with disseminated carcinoid tumors. Six patients with carcinoid tumors (four midgut and two foregut), and three patients with thyroid tumors (one MTC, one Hürthle cell carcinoma, and one Hürthle cell adenoma) were studied. Octreotide scintigraphy visualized tumor sites in all nine patients. Macroscopic tumor was verified at these sites at subsequent surgical exploration. Using Northern blotting and subtype-specific riboprobes, sstr could be detected in all tumors examined. All five sstr subtypes were detected in most of the carcinoid tumors. All six carcinoids expressed sstr2. This was in contrast to the findings for the thyroid tumors analyzed, which also expressed several sstr subtypes but in some cases lacked expression of sstr2. This was also the case for normal thyroid tissue. Clinically, octreotide treatment of the patients with midgut carcinoid tumors resulted in palliation of hormonal symptoms accompanied by a significant reduction of urinary 5-HIAA levels (28-71%). These results indicate that carcinoid tumors frequently express all five sstr subtypes. The thyroid tumors also expressed multiple sstr but could lack expression of sstr2. Nevertheless, these tumors were visualized by octreotide scintigraphy, indicating that sstr2 expression is not a prerequisite for tumor imaging.
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- Brånemark, Rickard, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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An in-vivo method for biomechanical characterization of bone-anchored implants.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Medical engineering & physics. - 1350-4533. ; 20:3, s. 216-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental equipment for in-vivo registrations of pull-out load vs displacement, applied torque vs angle of rotation, and lateral load vs lateral displacement has been developed. The set-up is designed for testing three implants inserted in a row and osseointegrated in, for instance, the proximal tibia of the beagle dog. The details of the set-up are described and considerations of the stress distributions are reported.
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- Gunnarsson, Ronny K, 1955, et al.
(författare)
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The prevalence of potential pathogenic bacteria in nasopharyngeal samples from healthy children and adults
- 1998
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Ingår i: Scand J Prim Health Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 16:1, s. 13-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the prevalence of potential pathogenic bacteria in nasopharyngeal samples from healthy individuals, and the influence on the carrier rate of age, season of the year, and type of child day care. DESIGN: Nasopharyngeal swab samples obtained in routine medical care from individuals with no sign of infection were studied in 159 pre-school children aged below 7 years, 198 schoolchildren aged 7-15 years, and 261 adults (.16 years). RESULTS: The prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in healthy individuals decreased with age. The overall isolation frequencies for pre-schoolchildren, schoolchildren, and adults, respectively, were: Moraxella catarrhalis (27%, 4% and 2%); Streptococcus pneumoniae (19%, 6% and 0.8%); Haemophilus influenzae (13%, 6% and 3%). The prevalence of S. pneumoniae in children 7-15 years was higher during the summer than in the winter. We could not confirm any variation in the carrier rate due to the type of child day care. CONCLUSION: Potentially pathogenic bacteria are often present in nasopharyngeal samples taken from healthy pre-school children, but rarely from people > or = 16 years of age. This means that the use of nasopharyngeal samples to discriminate between bacterial and viral respiratory tract infection needs to be evaluated further in patients < 16 years. The importance of the seasonal variation in the prevalence of potential pathogenic bacteria in the nasopharynx needs further study.
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