| 1. |
- Leon, D A, et al.
(författare)
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Reduced fetal growth rate and increased risk of death from ischaemic heart disease : cohort study of 15 000 Swedish men and women born 1915-29.
- 1998
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Ingår i: BMJ (Clinical Research Edition). - : BMJ. - 0959-8138 .- 1468-5833. ; 317:7153, s. 241-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To establish whether fetal growth rate (as distinct from size at birth) is associated with mortality from ischaemic heart disease.DESIGN: Cohort study based on uniquely detailed obstetric records with 97% follow up over the entire life course and linkage to census data in adult life.SUBJECTS: All 14 611 babies delivered at the Uppsala Academic Hospital, Sweden, during 1915-29 followed up to end of 1995.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality from ischaemic heart disease and other causes.RESULTS: Cardiovascular disease showed an inverse association with birth weight for both men and women, although this was significant only for men. In men a 1000 g increase in birth weight was associated with a proportional reduction in the rate of ischaemic heart disease of 0.77 (95% confidence interval 0.67 to 0.90). Adjustment for socioeconomic circumstances at birth and in adult life led to slight attenuation of this effect. Relative to the lowest fourth of birth weight for gestational age, mortality from ischaemic heart disease in men in the second, third, and fourth fourths was 0.81 (0.66 to 0.98), 0.63 (0.50 to 0.78), and 0.67 (0.54 to 0.82), respectively. The inclusion of birth weight per se and birth weight for gestational age in the same model strengthened the association with birth weight for gestational age but removed the association with birth weight.CONCLUSION: This study provides by far the most persuasive evidence of a real association between size at birth and mortality from ischaemic heart disease in men, which cannot be explained by methodological artefact or socioeconomic confounding. It strongly suggests that it is variation in fetal growth rate rather than size at birth that is aetiologically important.
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| 2. |
- Lithell, H, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of an oscillometric blood pressure measuring device : a substudy of the HOT Study. Hypertension Optimal Treatment.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Blood Pressure. - 0803-7051 .- 1651-1999. ; 7:3, s. 149-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The accuracy of a semi-automated oscillometric blood pressure measuring device (Visomat OZ D2 International) was studied by simultaneous comparison with a standard sphygmomanometer in 407 normotensive subjects and hypertensive patients. Four pairs of measurements, at least 1 min apart, were obtained from all patients. The oscillometric device tended to give lower measurements than the standard device; the mean difference was -0.9 mmHg for diastolic blood pressure and -6.4 mmHg for systolic blood pressure. The size of this difference was not dependent on the mean blood pressure. Intra-individual standard deviations were similar with the two techniques. The oscillometric device tended to produce higher readings on the first measurement than on the subsequent three, whereas the reverse was true of the standard sphygmomanometer. It is concluded that the oscillometric device used in the HOT Study provides reliable measurements of blood pressure. The slight difference in mean readings between the two methods is unlikely to be of importance for the comparison of differences in treatment blood pressure values in the HOT Study.
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| 3. |
- Södergren, E, et al.
(författare)
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Re-evaluation of the ferrous oxidation in xylenol orange assay for the measurement of plasma lipid hydroperoxides.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-022X .- 1872-857X. ; 37:3, s. 137-46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ferrous oxidation in xylenol orange version 2 (FOX2) assay coupled with triphenylphosphine has recently been employed for the measurement of total plasma hydroperoxides (ROOHs). In this study, we have evaluated sample handling and the effect of storage conditions on ROOH levels in human plasma (n = 32). Mean level of ROOHs in fresh plasma was 8.35 +/- 3.09 mumol/l (range 4.03-19.5 mumol/l). Addition of butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) immediately after sample collection had no effect on the concentration of ROOHs. Storage of samples at -70 degrees C for 6 weeks was associated with a variable degree of loss of detectable ROOHs. A mean ROOH level of 6.00 +/- 2.23 mumol/l (range 2.88-13.5 mumol/l) was recorded after 6 weeks of storage at -70 degrees C. There was no difference in the mean level of ROOHs between samples stored for 6 and 60 weeks at -70 degrees C. Inclusion of BHT had no effect on the stability of plasma ROOHs during prolonged storage. Intra-assay coefficients of variation were < 12%, with the lowest variation in fresh samples (7.6%). In conclusion, these results suggest that the FOX2 assay should be a useful tool for measurement of ROOHs in fresh plasma samples but not in stored samples.
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| 4. |
- Byberg, L, et al.
(författare)
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Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity is independently related to both insulin sensitivity and serum triglycerides in 70-year-old men.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1079-5642 .- 1524-4636. ; 18:2, s. 258-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Increased levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) have been discussed as a part of the insulin resistance syndrome. However, it is not clear whether the relationship between PAI-1 and insulin resistance is independent of or mediated by increased triglycerides levels. The aim of this study was to investigate whether PAI-1 activity is associated with insulin sensitivity independently of serum triglycerides (sTG) and of other potential confounders. Seventy-year-old men (n=871), participating in a cohort study undergoing extensive metabolic investigations, had blood samples taken for determination of PAI-1 activity. Insulin sensitivity was determined by the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. In multivariate correlation and regression analyses, insulin sensitivity was a statistically significant determinant of PAI-1 activity (partial r=-.12; P<.001), independent of sTG, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, and other potential confounders. The levels of sTG were also independently related to PAI-1 activity (partial r=.18; P<.001). The relationships between PAI-1 and insulin sensitivity and sTG were independent of fasting glucose levels. Aggregation of risk factors of the insulin resistance syndrome was associated with increased activity of PAI-1 in men with normal glucose tolerance. We conclude that PAI-1 activity is related to insulin sensitivity and sTG, independently of each other and of other potential confounders, and that increased levels of PAI-1 should be regarded as a component of the insulin resistance syndrome.
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