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- Saalman, Robert, 1952, et al.
(författare)
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Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity to gliadin-coated cells with sera from children with coeliac disease.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of immunology. - 0300-9475. ; 47:1, s. 37-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) has been suggested as a contributing immunological mechanism in the disease process of coeliac disease. In the present study, sera from coeliac children were examined for their capacity to mediate ADCC against gliadin-coated target cells. The ADCC-mediating efficacy of sera were tested using monocytes from healthy adults as effector cells and gliadin-coated erythrocytes from the same donor as targets. Using monocytes as effector cells, sera from children with active coeliac disease (untreated or challenged), demonstrated significantly higher ADCC-mediating capacity than sera from healthy and disease references as well as children with treated coeliac disease. A positive correlation was found between the ADCC-mediating capacity and serum IgG as well as IgA anti-gliadin antibody levels. The results suggest that an antibody-dependent monocyte/macrophage-induced cytotoxic reaction might be involved in the disease process of coeliac disease.
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| 4. |
- Adlerberth, Ingegerd, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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High turnover rate of Escherichia coli strains in the intestinal flora of infants in Pakistan.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Epidemiology and infection. - 0950-2688. ; 121:3, s. 587-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Escherichia coli flora of infants in developed countries is dominated by one or a few strains which persist for prolonged periods of time, but no longitudinal studies have been performed in developing countries. To this end, we studied the rectal enterobacterial flora in 22 home-delivered Pakistani infants during their first 6 months of life. Three colonies were isolated and species typed on each of 11 sampling occasions. E. coli isolates were strain typed using electromorphic typing of cytoplasmic enzymes, and their O serogroups were determined. There was a very rapid turnover of enterobacterial strains in the rectal flora of individual infants. On average, 8.5 different E. coli strains were found per infant, and several biotypes of other enterobacteria. Less than 50% of the infants were colonized with E. coli from their mothers, but strains of maternal origin were four times more likely to persists in the infants' flora than other E. coli strains. Enterobacteria other than E. coli were always of non-maternal origin, and Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae biotypes recovered from contaminated feeds were later identified in the infants' rectal flora. An early colonization with klebsiella or enterobacter was significantly associated with diarrhoea during the neonatal period, although these bacteria were not likely to be the cause of the disease. The results suggest that poor hygienic conditions result in an unstable and diverse enterobacterial flora, which may influence infant health.
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| 5. |
- Adlerberth, Ingegerd, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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P fimbriae and other adhesins enhance intestinal persistence of Escherichia coli in early infancy.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Epidemiology and infection. - 0950-2688. ; 121:3, s. 599-608
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resident and transient Escherichia coli strains were identified in the rectal flora of 22 Pakistani infants followed from birth to 6 months of age. All strains were tested for O-antigen expression, adhesin specificity (P fimbriae, other mannose-resistant adhesins or type 1 fimbriae) and adherence to the colonic cell line HT-29. Resident strains displayed higher mannose-resistant adherence to HT-29 cells, and expressed P fimbriae (P = 0.0036) as well as other mannose-resistant adhesins (P = 0.012) more often than transient strains. In strains acquired during the first month of life, P fimbriae were 12 times more frequent in resident than in transient strains (P = 0.0006). The O-antigen distribution did not differ between resident and transient strains, and none of the resident P-fimbriated strains belonged to previously recognized uropathogenic clones. The results suggest that adhesins mediating adherence to intestinal epithelial cells, especially P fimbriae, enhance the persistence of E. coli in the large intestine of infants.
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| 6. |
- Ahrné, Siv, et al.
(författare)
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The normal Lactobacillus flora of healthy human rectal and oral mucosa.
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of applied microbiology. - 1364-5072. ; 85:1, s. 88-94
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Lactobacillus flora of the rectal and oral mucosa was sampled from 42 healthy volunteers. Species identification was carried out by numerically comparing API 50CH fermentation patterns with type strains, using an SJ-similarity cut-off level of 79%. For the largest groups, identity was further confirmed by DNA-DNA hybridizations against the type strain of the species. Seventeen lactobacilli clusters were defined, of which most were found both on rectal and oral mucosa. The largest taxa were Lactobacillus plantarum, Lact. rhamnosus and Lact. paracasei ssp. paracasei, which were isolated from 52%, 26% and 17% of the individuals, respectively. Most isolates were tested for their capacity to adhere to the human colonic cell line HT-29 in the absence and presence of methyl-alpha-D-mannoside. Mannose-sensitive adherence to HT-29 cells was encountered in two-thirds of the Lact. plantarum isolates, but infrequently among isolates of other taxa. The results suggest that Lact. plantarum is a major colonizer of the human gastrointestinal mucosa, and that its capacity to adhere to mannose-containing receptors may be of some ecological importance.
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