| 1. |
- Carlsson, A., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of coeliac disease in Turner syndrome
- 1999
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Ingår i: Acta Pædiatrica. - 1651-2227 .- 0803-5253. ; 88, s. 933-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of coeliac disease in children and adolescents with Turner syndrome. Eighty-seven children and adolescents with Turner syndrome were screened for IgA- antiendomysium antibodies (EMA) and IgA-antigliadin antibodies (AGA), 5% (4/87) being found to be EMA-positive, and 15% (13/87) to have AGA levels above normal. Of the 10 patients who were either AGA- or EMA-positive and further investigated with intestinal biopsy, four manifested villous atrophy (i.e. all three of the EMA-positive patients, but only one of the seven AGA- positive patients). The results suggest EMA-positivity to be a good immunological marker for use in screening for coeliac disease, and such screening to be justified in patients with Turner syndrome.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Littorin, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Islet cell and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies present at diagnosis of diabetes predict the need for insulin treatment : A cohort study in young adults whose disease was initially labeled as type 2 or unclassifiable diabetes
- 1999
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Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0149-5992 .- 1935-5548. ; 22:3, s. 409-412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:To clarify the predictive value of islet cell antibody (ICA) and GAD65 antibody (GADA) present at diagnosis with respect to the need for insulin treatment 6 years after diagnosis in young adults initially considered to have type 2 or unclassifiable diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:The patient material was representative of the entire Swedish population, consisting of patients who were 15-34 years old at diagnosis of diabetes in 1987-1988 but were not considered to have type 1 diabetes at onset. At follow-up, 6 years after the diagnosis, it was noted whether the patient was treated with insulin. The presence of ICA was determined by an immunofluorescence assay, and GADAs were measured by a radioligand assay.RESULTS:Six years after diagnosis, 70 of 97 patients were treated with insulin, and 27 of 97 patients were treated with oral drugs or diet alone. At diagnosis, ICAs and GADAs were present in 41 (59%) of 70 patients and 41 (60%) of 68 patients, respectively, of those now treated with insulin, compared with only 1 (4%) of 26 patients and 2 (7%) of 27 patients who were still not treated with insulin. For either ICA or GADA, the corresponding frequencies were 50 (74%) of 68 for patients who were later treated with insulin and 3 (12%) of 26 for those who were still not treated with insulin, respectively. The sensitivity for later insulin treatment was highest (74%) for the presence of ICA or GADA, and the specificity was highest (100%) for ICA and GADA. The positive predictive value was 100% for the combination of ICA and GADA, 98% for ICA alone, and approximately 95% for GADA alone.CONCLUSIONS:Determination of the presence of ICA and GADA at diagnosis of diabetes improves the classification of diabetes and predicts the future need of insulin in young adults.
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| 4. |
- Axelsen, Mette, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and insulin resistance in normoglycemic first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Annals of internal medicine. - 0003-4819 .- 1539-3704. ; 131:1, s. 27-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Impaired ability to eliminate lipids in the postprandial state is an atherogenic trait associated with insulin resistance. OBJECTIVE: To assess insulin sensitivity and postprandial triglyceride metabolism in prediabetic persons. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. PARTICIPANTS: 13 healthy, normotriglyceridemic men with two first-degree relatives with type 2 diabetes and 13 carefully matched controls without known diabetes heredity. MEASUREMENTS: Oral glucose tolerance test, insulin sensitivity (euglycemic clamp technique), and fasting and postprandial triglyceride levels after a mixed meal. RESULTS: Relatives of persons with type 2 diabetes were insulin resistant but had normal glucose tolerance. They exhibited postprandial hypertriglyceridemia; the 6-hour triglyceride incremental area under the curve was 50% higher than that of the control group (P = 0.037). CONCLUSIONS: These healthy male first-degree relatives of patients with type 2 diabetes are insulin resistant and exhibit postprandial lipid intolerance despite having normal fasting triglyceride levels. These characteristics, which occur in the absence of glucose intolerance, are associated with an increased risk for macroangiopathy.
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| 5. |
- Petridou, E, et al.
(författare)
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Insulin-like growth factor-I and binding protein-3 in relation to childhood leukaemia
- 1999
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 80:4, s. 494-496
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aetiology of most cases of childhood leukaemia remains unknown, but several studies have indicated that increased birthweight and height are risk factors for the disease. Since insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) mediates the effect of growth hormone and has been positively associated with prostate cancer, we have evaluated the role of this hormone and its principal binding protein, IGFBP-3, in the aetiology of childhood leukaemia. Incident cases of childhood leukaemia from those recorded by a national network of childhood oncologists were enrolled in our study. Controls were children hospitalised for acute conditions of no more than moderate severity with matching for gender, age and maternal place of residence. Blood measurements of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 were undertaken using commercially available radioimmunoassays. Serum IGF-I values decreased by about 1.7% per month, and the rate of decline was higher, though not significantly so, among cases (2.1% per month) than among controls (1.4%). There was no significant association between IGF-I and the likelihood of childhood leukaemia, but an increment of 1 microg/ml of IGFBP-3 was associated with a substantial and statistically significant reduction of childhood leukaemia by 28% (95% confidence interval 7% to 45%). Because IGFBP-3 is essentially a binding protein, we interpret our findings as indicating that bioavailable IGF-I may play an important role in the aetiology of childhood leukaemia. The much smaller quantities and the inherent instability of IGF-I in the blood in comparison to those of IGFBP-3 are likely to hinder documentation of an underlying positive association of IGF-I with the disease.
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| 6. |
- Smedman, A E, et al.
(författare)
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Pentadecanoic acid in serum as a marker for intake of milk fat : relations between intake of milk fat and metabolic risk factors.
- 1999
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Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 69:1, s. 22-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The fatty acid composition of the diet is known to be partially reflected by the fatty acid composition of serum lipids.OBJECTIVE: We examined whether pentadecanoic acid (15:0) in serum lipids can be used as a marker for intake of milk fat, the major dietary source of 15:0. We also investigated the relations between intake of milk fat and cardiovascular disease risk factors.DESIGN: Sixty-two 70-y-old men completed 7-d dietary records. The intake of milk products was studied in relation to the proportions of 15:0 in serum cholesterol esters and phospholipids, as well as to the clinical characteristics of these men, by using Spearman's rank correlation.RESULTS: The proportions of 15:0 in serum cholesterol esters were positively related to butter intake (r = 0.36. P = 0.004) and to the total amount of fat from milk products (r = 0.46, P < 0.0001): 15:0 in phospholipids was related to the amount of fat from milk and cream (r = 0.34, P = 0.008) and to the total amount of fat from milk products (r = 0.34, P = 0.008). Inverse associations were found between intake of milk products and body mass index, waist circumference, LDL-HDL ratio, HDL triacylglycerols, and fasting plasma glucose, whereas relations to HDL cholesterol and apolipoprotein A-I tended to be positive.CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that 15:0 in serum can be used as a marker for intake of milk fat. The explanation for the inverse associations between the intake of milk products and certain cardiovascular risk factors is not known.
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| 7. |
- Edgren, Maliha, et al.
(författare)
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[111In-DPTA-D-Phe1] - Octreotide Scintigraphy in the Management of Patients with Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
- 1999
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Ingår i: Cancer Biotherapy and Radiopharmaceuticals. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1084-9785 .- 1557-8852. ; 14:1, s. 59-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Somatostatin receptor scintigraphy using the 111In-labelled somatostatin analogue octreotide (Octreoscan) was performed in 9 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma. In total 11 scintigraphies were performed. Positive tumor uptakes were observed in 9 patients. The results of the octreotide scans were correlated to diagnostic CT and/or X-ray images. Forty (59%) out of 68 known tumor localizations were visualized with the octreotide scan. A second scan following therapy was performed in two patients. These patients showed progressive disease despite treatment and also exhibited intensified uptakes at octreotide scintigraphy. One false positive lesion was observed in the 40 lesions visualized in scintigraphy.It was concluded that renal cell carcinoma expresses somatostatin receptors, as could be visualized with Octreoscan scintigraphy. The scintigraphic technique can be used as an instrument for in vivo characterization of the disease. The data could also form a basis for future investigations regarding the possible therapeutic effect of octreotide in the management of renal cell cancer.
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| 8. |
- Eriksson, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Positron emission tomography in neuroendocrine tumours
- 1999
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Ingår i: The Italian Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. - 1125-8055. ; Suppl 2, s. S167-S171
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Positron emission tomography is an in vivo tracer and imaging technique that utilizes short-lived positron emitting radionuclides (11C, 15O, 13N, 18F) with half-lives ranging between 2 min and 2 hours. These radionuclides are interesting from the labelling viewpoint since they are natural constituents of most biologically active compounds. The short half-life is an advantage with regard to the irradiation dose to the patient but it is also a limitation since it requires the production of these radionuclides in close vicinity to the positron emission tomography camera.
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| 9. |
- Kallings, L V, et al.
(författare)
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Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction in adults with asthma--comparison between running and cycling and between cycling at different air conditions.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences. - 0300-9734 .- 2000-1967. ; 104:3, s. 191-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The bronchial response to cycling and running was compared in six adult asthmatic persons. The effects of different air conditions during cycling regarding the induction of bronchoconstriction was studied. The exercise consisted of 6 minutes' work at an intensity of 80-85% of maximal heart rate. Heart rate, oxygen consumption and ventilation were measured to check that the exercise level was the same in all tests. Peak expiratory flow (PEF) was used to test for bronchoconstriction. Bicycling and treadmill running were performed under indoor conditions and bicycling while breathing cold, dry air (-18 degrees C) and room-tempered humid air (60% RH), respectively. No difference in bronchoconstriction was found between cycling and running under indoor conditions. However, bicycling exercise with inhalation of cold dry air provoked more bronchoconstriction than when inhalating humid air (PEF reductions of 19.4+/-6% and 6.1+/-2%, respectively). No differences were found between the exercise modes in heart rate, oxygen consumption, ventilation per minute, respiratory rate, carbon dioxide elimination or subjective ratings of perceived exertion and breathlessness. It is concluded that it is not the type of exercise, but the ventilation demand and humidity of the inspired air that are the main determinants of the occurrence and degree of bronchoconstriction.
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| 10. |
- Ljung, A, et al.
(författare)
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Characterisation of cells in regenerating cartilage from autotransplanted perichondrium. immunohistochemical expression of smooth-muscle actin, desmin, vimentin, and Ki-67.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery and Hand Surgery. - 0284-4311 .- 1651-2073. ; 33:3, s. 257-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autotransplanted perichondrium from rib and ear sutured to the knee joints of 26 rabbits has been examined with immunohistochemistry and shows certain structural, functional, and proliferative characteristics of regenerating cartilage. Cryostat sections have been examined for the expression of smooth-muscle actin (SMA), desmin, vimentin, and Ki-67. In this rabbit model of perichondrial grafting SMA staining showed vivid vessel regeneration, particularly in the proliferating stage about two to three weeks after grafting, and no vessels in more mature parts one month or more after transplantation. Desmin staining showed expression and distribution similar to SMA. Vimentin staining shows the cytoskeleton of regenerating cartilaginous tissue and makes cellular borders apparent. Immunohistochemical expression of Ki-67 is constantly negative in perichondrial tissue from rib and ear before transplantation, clearly positive in the proliferative stage, but there is no expression in maturing cartilage. The study also shows that all human antibodies used are applicable in a rabbit model.
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