| 1. |
- Elmroth, Kerstin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Influence of temperature on radiation-induced inhibition of DNA supercoiling
- 1999
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Ingår i: Radiat Res. - 0033-7587. ; 152:2, s. 137-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of subnormal temperatures (2, 15 and 28 degrees C) on the effects of radiation in MCF-7 cell cultures was studied using the fluorescent (halo) nucleoid assay. Increasing the propidium iodide (PI) concentration (0.5-7.5 microgram/ml PI) resulted in relaxation, i.e. in increasing nucleoid area; higher concentrations up to 50 microgram/ml caused rewinding that resulted in nucleoid contraction. Rewinding was inhibited by X irradiation (2, 4 and 8 Gy) in a dose-dependent way. Incubation at subnormal temperature did not influence the nucleoid area but did reduce radiation-induced inhibition of rewinding after 4 Gy. The low temperature (2 degrees C) during rather than prior to irradiation appeared to protect from radiation-induced inhibition of nucleoid rewinding. Decreased temperature during irradiation may change the conditions so as to reduce DNA- matrix damage induced by radiation.
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| 2. |
- Elmroth, Kerstin, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Radiation and hypothermia: changes in DNA supercoiling in human diploid fibroblasts
- 1999
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Ingår i: Anticancer Res. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 19:6B, s. 5307-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of hypothermia (2 degrees, 15 degrees and 28 degrees C) upon the effect of X-irradiation on chromatin from human diploid fibroblast cells (AG1518) was studied using the fluorescent halo assay. Rewinding of supercoils was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner when cells were irradiated with 4, 8 or 16 Gy. This inhibition of rewinding was reduced when cells were irradiated at subnormal temperatures compared with cells irradiated at 37 degrees C. One hour's preincubation at low temperature did not influence rewinding. When AG1518 cells were irradiated at 37 degrees C in the presence of the radical scavenger DMSO (0.5 M), the radiation-induced damage was reduced. No additional protection of DMSO in hypothermic cells (2 degrees C) was found, possibly indicating that OH-radical-mediated effects are more temperature dependent. These results are similar to those recently found for the malignant MCF-7 cell line.
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| 3. |
- Hultborn, Ragnar, 1946, et al.
(författare)
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Efficacy of pamidronate in breast cancer with bone metastases: a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled multicenter study
- 1999
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Ingår i: Anticancer Res. - 0250-7005. ; 19:4C, s. 3383-92
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of pamidronate 60 mg i.v. q 4 weeks in women with advanced breast cancer with skeletal metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 404 woman with skeletal metastases from breast cancer in Sweden and Norway were included in a randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter study. Except for the study medication, other palliative treatment was chosen at the discretion of the physician. Skeletal related events, i.e. increased pain, treatment of hypercalcemia, pathologic fractures of long bones or pelvis, paralyses due to vertebral compression, palliative radiotherapy for skeletal metastases, surgery on bone and change of antitumor therapy were recorded every third month as well as a self-estimated pain-score using visual Analog Scales and analgesic consumption. RESULTS: There was a significantly increased time to progression of pain (p < 0.01), to hypercalcemic events (p < 0.05) as well as for the cumulative number of skeletal related events (p < 0.01) in favor for the pamidronate group. No statistically significant reduction of pathologic fractures of long bones or pelvis, or pareses due to vertebral compression occurred. No statistically significant differences were found for the need of radiotherapy and surgery on bone. The pamidronate group faired better regarding performance status (p < 0.05). There was a statistically not significant lower consumption of opioid analgesics in the pamidronate group (p = 0.14). CONCLUSION: Pamidronate 60 mg i.v. q 4 weeks reduces skeletal events and improves the quality of life in women with bone metastases from breast cancer.
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| 4. |
- Mansson, J., et al.
(författare)
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Symptom pattern and diagnostic work-up of malignancy at first symptom presentation as related to level of care. A retrospective study from the primary health care centre area of Kungsbacka, Sweden
- 1999
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Ingår i: Neoplasma. - 0028-2685. ; 46:2, s. 93-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This retrospective study was aimed to characterize the diagnostic process of cancer with respect to level of care, initial symptoms, and diagnostic procedures. It was based on analysis of medical records of all subjects with colorectal, pulmonary, breast or prostate cancer, reported to the Swedish Cancer Registry during defined periods of time in the community of Kungsbacka with about 46,500 inhabitants. Initial symptoms, diagnostic procedures, outcome of diagnostic procedures, level of care, and doctor's delay were analyzed. Most patients (62-73% for the different cancers studied) first visited a general practitioner for the symptoms which lead to the diagnosis of cancer. The most common initial symptom for colorectal cancer was defecation abnormality, for breast cancer a palpable mass in the breast, for pulmonary cancer cough, and for prostate cancer symptoms of prostatism. There was no difference in doctor's delay between general practitioners and other physicians. Nonspecific blood laboratory tests made little contribution to the diagnosis of cancer. The results indicate that most cancers of the types studied are diagnosed in primary health care and that it is possible to improve the identification of the few malignant cases among the "noise" of benign diseases, both with respect to accuracy and cost-effectiveness. It seems that focused investigations such as fecal occult blood tests and rectoscopy should be more frequently used in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms.
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| 5. |
- Ottosson, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Acute hematologic feasibility of G-CSF supported dose-escalated FEC therapy as adjuvant treatment after breast cancer surgery
- 1999
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Ingår i: Anticancer Res. - 0250-7005. ; 19:5C, s. 4429-34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A study of the feasibility of gradually increased epirubicin and cyclophosphamide dosage in an FEC regimen with G-CSF (granulocyte colony stimulating factor) support in 18 high-risk breast cancer patients as adjuvant treatment was carried out. The FEC regimen was initiated with 5-fluorouracil 600 mg/m2, epirubicin 75 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 900 mg/m2 together with G-CSF 5 micrograms/kg subcutaneously on days 2-15 q 3 weeks for nine cycles, increasing individually through four dose levels to a maximum of 5-FU 600 mg/m2 (not escalated), epirubicin 120 mg/m2 and cyclophosphamide 1800 mg/m2. Transient cytopenias were regularly observed without major clinical complications. Rapid recovery and a biphasic overshoot of granulocytes required individualization of G-CSF support. During the 6-month treatment period, a general decline in granulocytes, platelets and haemoglobin was observed, resulting in maximal dose intensity in the middle of the treatment period. Compared to a conventional FEC regimen (5-Fluorouracil 600 mg/m2, Epirubicin 60 mg/m2, Cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2 q 3 w) without dose reductions, it was feasible to increase the dose of epirubicin by more than 50 per cent with an increased dose intensity between 25 and 70 per cent. The dose of cyclophosphamide was increased by more than 100 per cent. All patients suffered from complete alopecia and moderate nausea, but there was no acute cardiac or severe mucosal toxicity. It was concluded that intensified, G-CSF supported FEC therapy can be safely administered in an outpatient setting, provided the patients are thoroughly informed and adequately monitored. High-risk patients are enrolled in a study comparing the described regimen and a myeloablative regimen including peripheral stem-cell support. Breast cancer seems to respond to chemotherapy in a dose dependent manner, suggesting the use of dose intensified regimens (1,8,9,11). This approach is currently under investigation in studies comparing standard regimens with myelo-ablative regimens in high-risk primary breast cancer (3,10). In a Scandinavian multicenter study (2), two high dose regimens, G-CSF supported dose-escalated FEC and myeloablative cyclophosphamide-thiotepacarboplatin with peripheral stem cell support, are compared as adjuvant therapy in operable high-risk breast cancer. This phase I study was performed to assess the feasibility and achievable dose intensity of an individually dose-escalated FEC regimen not in previous use.
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