| 1. |
- Marsal, Karel, et al.
(författare)
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Ultraljudsdiagnostik
- 2008
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Ingår i: Obstetrik. - 9789144007311 ; , s. 201-230
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Martin, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Visual function in young adults following intrauterine growth retardation
- 2004
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Ingår i: J Pediatr Ophthalmol Strabismus. - : SLACK, Inc.. ; 41:4, s. 212-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) resulting in infants born small for gestational age is a known risk factor for neurologic deficits and may predispose to poor cognitive development later in life. We recently found an association between IUGR and a reduced neuroretinal rim area at 18 years of age. We evaluated the possible association between IUGR and visual function. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: We studied 26 subjects who had been born small for gestational age and 20 subjects whose birth weights were appropriate for gestational age (controls) using letter acuity thresholds, color vision testing, full-threshold frequency doubling technology perimetry, and rarebit perimetry at 18 years of age. gestational age had a rarebit hit rate below the normal range as compared with none of the controls (P = .006). These 8 subjects had a significantly smaller rim-disc ratio compared with the subjects who were small for gestational age who had a normal rarebit hit rate (P = .047). The frequency doubling technology indices did not differ significantly between the control group and the group that was small for gestational age, nor did the visual acuity, refraction, and color vision test results. CONCLUSION: These data indicate that IUGR is associated with an increased rate of impaired visual function, which can be detected by using rarebit perimetry but not frequency doubling technology perimetry, visual acuity, or color vision tests.
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| 5. |
- Gardiner, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Ventriculo-vascular interaction in the normal development of the fetal circulation
- 2001
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Ingår i: Early Human Development. - 1872-6232. ; 65:2, s. 97-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To examine cardiovascular physiology in the healthy fetus during normal development. DESIGN: Twenty normal fetuses were studied longitudinally from 20 weeks to term. Serial echocardiography was performed, and arterial and venous diameter pulse wave characteristics and aortic pulse wave propagation velocity (PWV) were examined in the thoracic descending aorta (AoD) and inferior caval vein (IVC) using an ultrasonic phase-locked echo-tracking system. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, paired t-test and logistic regression where appropriate. RESULTS: Aortic PWV, maximum incremental and late decremental velocities increased with gestation while the relative pulse amplitude decreased, reflecting falling distal impedance. There was a linear increase in cardiac preload and relative pulse amplitude in the IVC with gestation that correlated significantly with the presence of end-diastolic flow in the pulmonary artery and improvement in right ventricular diastolic function. CONCLUSIONS: Non-invasive concurrent assessment of preload, ventricular function and impedance are possible in the fetus and may prove useful in the longitudinal study of fetal adaptation to pathophysiological changes.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Pirhonen, JP, et al.
(författare)
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A longitudinat study of maternal oxygen saturation during short-term submaximal exercise
- 2003
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - 1475-0961. ; 23:1, s. 37-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Longitudinal prospective study before, during and after normal pregnancy of the effect of short-term submaximal exercise on maternal oxygen saturation. Methods: Fourteen healthy women were recruited to the study before a planned pregnancy, and were followed seven times during the pregnancy and for up to 6 month after delivery. A submaximal bicycle exercise test with a target heart rate of 85% of the predicted age-adjusted maximum was performed. Maternal oxygen saturation was continuously recorded using a pulse oximeter. Results: Maternal oxygen saturation at maximum work-load had increased significantly already at 8 weeks gestation compared with preconception levels, and remained at a significantly higher level until 29 weeks of gestation. Thereafter, the oxygen saturation continued to be higher even at 6 month postpartum. During the exercise test, the lowest saturation was found during the late recovery period, this remained unchanged before, during and after pregnancy. Conclusion: A pregnant woman responds to short-term exercise by increasing the oxygen saturation until 29 weeks. After that, the saturation level decreases but remains at a higher level even 6 month after delivery compared with preconception levels.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ley, David, et al.
(författare)
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Intrauterine blood flow and postnatal development.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Doppler Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology. - Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag. - 9783540230885 ; , s. 161-175
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Fetal experience forms the basis for postnatal life. This relationship may be obvious in the newborn infant, although it is sometimes not apparent until later in development. One fetal condition with known implications for later life is intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), which ranges from being an important factor in perinatal mortality to affecting morbidity in adulthood. The process of growth, usually measurable as change in anatomical size, is intimately related to that of development, the latter referring to a gradual acquisition of physiological function. Dobbing defined the brain growth spurt as that transient period of growth when the brain is growing most rapidly and the period of time when the brain is most susceptible to adverse influence [1]. Fetal malnutrition during the brain growth spurt may reduce the number of synapses per neuron by 40% [2]. Other authors have demonstrated a lower myelin lipid content in the brain of a small-for-gestational age (SGA) newborn as compared with that of an appropriate-for-gestational age (AGA) newborn [3, 4]. In the human, a large part of the brain growth spurt takes place in the years after birth; therefore, the nutritional as well as the psychosocial environment during the first postnatal years may add to, but equally compensate for, previous adverse influence during fetal development.
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