| 1. |
- Ware, James, et al.
(författare)
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Glucose, insulin and osmolar changes in rats sustaining different haemorrhage volumes.
- 1982
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - : Almqvist & Wiksell. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 116:1, s. 31-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasma glucose, osmolality and insulin have been investigated during hemorrhage in nonstarved rats. The rate of blood loss leading to hemorrhages of 44% and 55% of the estimated original blood volume determined the patterns of response. Substantial hyperglycemic hyperosmolality and insulin values appropriate for the raised levels of glucose were observed in the animals bleeding more rapidly. The slower rate of hemorrhage was associated with only moderate hyperglycemia and hyperosmolality, while the insulin values rose to very high levels, 45 times basal. It is postulated that altered glucose‐insulin metabolism in haemorrhage may have important consequences for fluid homeostasis, and the rate of bleeding is the fundamental factor steering this effect. © 1982 Scandinavian Physiological Society
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Boija, Per Olov, et al.
(författare)
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Hypovolaemic stress induced glycogenolysis, isolated liver perfusion study
- 1987
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Ingår i: Research in experimental medicine. - : Springer. - 0300-9130 .- 1433-8580. ; 187:5, s. 315-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intrinsic hepatic glycogenolysis was examined after hypovolemic stress. Hemorrhagic hypotension of 70 (P70) and 40 mm Hg (P40) for 60 min was inflicted for two postprandial groups and of 70 mm Hg (S70) in a 24-h starved group. The results were compared with three control groups; one postprandial (Pc), one 24-h starved (Sc), and one starved for 9 h (Sc: 9) to mimic the glycogen depletion produced by 70 mm Hg hemorrhagic hypotension. Glucose output was studied in vitro using av recirculating isolated liver perfusion system with a perfusate free of glucose and endocrine stimulation. Liver glycogen determination was made before perfusion start. Although the glycogen stores were decreased after hemorrhage glucose yield was increased (P70) and unchanged (P40) as compared to controls (Pc and Sc: 9). Both starved groups delivered small amounts of glucose, but the released fraction of the S70 group was more than twice that from the Sc group. These data suggest a liver enzyme activation with increased velocity of the enzymesubstrate reactions responsible for glycogen degradation, induced during in vivo hemorrhage and persisting for at least 30 min in vitro perfusion.
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| 4. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
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Förföljande strategier vid ett omhändertagandefall i socialt och barnpsykiatriskt arbete
- 1989
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ett barnomhändertagandefall med bl.a. barnavårdsutredning och barnpsykiatrisk utredning granskas kritiskt och med fokus på begreppet "förföljande strategier". Ett betydande antal förföljande strategier från socialtjänst och barnpsykiatri gentemot mor och barn framgår tydligt av materialet och specificeras. Hypoteser kring hur förföljande strategier uppkommer formuleras.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Ehinger, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Tro på mig : "Det finns inga hopplösa fall, bara hopplösa situationer. Tio f.d. alkoholmissbrukare berättar.
- 1986
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet är att ta reda på vilka faktorer som är viktiga när en missbrukare upphör med sitt missbruk. Tio intervjuer med f.d. missbrukare genomfördes och faktorer framkom. De f.d. missbrukarna uppgav att deras egen vilja hade varit avgörande vid missbrukets upphörande. De betonade att stöd, uppmuntran och tro på personens vilja till förändring är mycket betydelsefulla faktorer för att hålla fast vid beslutet. Att finna nya livsmönster är ett måste för att klara en drogfri tillvaro i längden. De intervjuade gav ideér om hur detta kan ske. Olika teorier diskuteras.
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| 7. |
- Ljungqvist, Olle, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of food deprivation on survival after haemorrhage in the rat
- 1987
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Ingår i: Circulatory Shock. - : Wiley-Liss. - 0092-6213. ; 22:3, s. 251-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The changes in plasma glucose concentration and hematocrit during, and 7-day survivalafter, 60-min hemorrhagic hypotension (55 mmHg MAP) were investigated in postprandial and 6- or 24-h food-deprived rats. During hemorrhage, postprandial rats developed hyperglycemia, 30% greater than 6-h and 150% higher than 24-h food-deprived rats. Blood loss and plasma refill were greater in postprandial rats compared to 24-h food-deprived rats. Food deprivation for 24 h resulted in significantly increased mortality (6/13) posthemorrhage. All postprandial rats survived (13/13). A further three groups of animals deprived of food for 24 h were submitted to hemorrhage volume similar to that of postprandial rats. When no infusion was given during hemorrhage all rats died after hemorrhage (10/10). Saline infusion did not increase survival. Infusion of a similar volume of hypertonic glucose resulted in improved survival (not significant vs postprandial). Short-term food deprivation alters responses to stress and influences the outcome after standardized hemorrhage. Induction of hyperglycemia during hemorrhage was associated with survival.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ljungqvist, Olle, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Nutritional status and endocrine response to haemorrhage
- 1986
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Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. - : NRC Research Press. - 0008-4212 .- 1205-7541. ; 64:8, s. 1185-1188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hyperglycemia-inducing hyperosmolality has recently been proven beneficial in the maintenance of blood volume and extracellular fluid volume during early hemorrhagic hypotension. Fed animals benefitted from better plasma refill compared with starved ones when subjected to equal blood loss. Using lightly sedated fed and 24-30 h starved rats, hormones with relevance to glucose homeostasis were studied during 90 min of hemorrhagic hypotension of 70 mmHg (1 mmHg = 133.32 Pa). Marked differences in the overall hormonal developments were found between the two groups. In fed rats, insulin and glucagon responses were initially attenuated, while somatostatin increased to an early peak level at 30 min, returning to basal at 90 min. In starved rats, somatostatin increased gradually during the 90 min. Adrenaline release was massive in both groups. Corticosterone showed no increase from basal levels in the fed group during hemorrhage, while starved rats increased their basal level fourfold already at 30 min. These data are presented as evidence that changing nutritional status alters hormonal response to hypovolemic stress.
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| 10. |
- Nilsson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Subpopulations of variants resistant to imipenem in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
- 1988
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Ingår i: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. - : Oxford University Press. - 0305-7453 .- 1460-2091. ; 22:5, s. 643-649
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Selection and regrowth of resistant variants, which were present in low frequencies in the initial inoculum, was seen when large inocula of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were incubated with imipenem. The selective growth of resistant variants resulted in an inoculum effect, and an increase in MIC with longer incubation. When large inocula taken from strains that had been classified as sensitive in conventional MIC determinations were incubated with 4, 8 and 16 mg/l imipenem, 62%, 24% and 10%, respectively, of the strains regrew. None of the resistant variants thereby selected showed cross resistance to other beta-lactam antibiotics or aminoglycosides. In vitro evaluation of regrowth of resistant variants may be justified when choosing imipenem for therapy in the treatment of serious P. aeruginosa infections.
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