| 1. |
- Brandt, Lennart, et al.
(author)
-
Myelography in the late postoperative period in patients subjected to anterior cervical decompression and fusion
- 1993
-
In: Acta Neurochirurgica. - 0001-6268. ; 122:1-2, s. 97-101
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During a 13 year period, 286 patients with cervical disc herniation and/or spondylotic spurs, were subjected to anterior decompression and vertebral interbody fusion with autologous bone. Twenty patients were re-admitted in the late postoperative period due to recurrent radicular symptoms and/or signs of myelopathy. In these patients myelography was performed again. In 14 patients spinal cord compression and/or nerve root involvement at a new level was visualized. At the operated level, however, the myelograms demonstrated a smooth anterior wall in the spinal canal. The series confirms the safety, effectiveness and reliability of the Cloward procedure in achieving long term spinal cord and nerve root decompression, and a solid vertebral interbody fusion.
|
|
| 2. |
- Bengtsson, H, et al.
(author)
-
Expansion pattern and risk of rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysms that were not operated on
- 1993
-
In: European Journal of Surgery. - 1102-4151. ; 159:9, s. 461-467
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To analyse the outcome of selective management of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms, the expansion patterns of the aneurysms, and the factors that influenced the rate of rupture. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: Malmo General Hospital, Lund University, Malmo, Sweden. SUBJECTS: 155 patients (96 men and 59 women) with abdominal aortic aneurysms who were not selected for operation for whatever reason were included in the study immediately after their first ultrasound scan. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Mortality, expansion rate (mm/year) measured on ultrasound scan, and rate of rupture of aneurysm. RESULTS: Median aneurysmal diameter was 40 mm (range 20-80), and length (n = 106) 70 (range 28-140). The patients were followed up for a median of 3.4 years (range 0-10.2). A total of 107 patients died and in 21 the aneurysms ruptured (4 were operated on and survived). Thirteen patients were re-evaluated and operated on electively. Ultrasonography was repeated in 98 patients, the median expansion rates (mm/year) were 3.1 (diameter) and 1.9 (length). There was a significant linear relationship between initial size (diameter and length) and rate of expansion of diameter. The risk of rupture was greater in larger aneurysms that were expanding more quickly. The cumulative mortality was not affected by the 21 aneurysms that ruptured. CONCLUSION: Selective management of patients with aortic aneurysms is justified.
|
|
| 3. |
- Hansen, F, et al.
(author)
-
Non-invasive measurement of pulsatile vessel diameter change and elastic properties in human arteries: a methodological study
- 1993
-
In: Clinical Physiology. - 1365-2281. ; 13:6, s. 631-643
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A recently developed ultrasound phase-locked echo-tracking system makes it possible to measure non-invasive pulsatile vessel diameter changes, and, in combination with blood-pressure measurement, to calculate pressure strain elastic modulus (Ep) and stiffness (beta). The reproducibility in measurements of pulsatile diameter changes with this system was evaluated. Also the precision of indirect blood-pressure measurements, as compared to the simultaneously measured intra-arterial blood pressure was tested. The resulting reproducibility in pressure strain elastic modulus (Ep) and stiffness (beta) was evaluated. Intra-observer variabilities in measuring pulsatile diameter changes were 16% for the abdominal aorta, 10% for the common carotid artery, and 15% for the common femoral artery, respectively. Intra-observer variabilities for Ep and beta were 21% for both in the abdominal aorta, 17% for both in the common carotid artery, and 18% for both in the common femoral artery, respectively. There were only small differences in indirect and direct measurement of systolic blood pressure, whereas indirect blood pressure measurement systematically overestimated the diastolic blood pressure, on average by 20%. The variabilities in indirect blood pressure measurements were 2% for the systolic and 3% for the diastolic blood pressure, respectively. Inter-observer variability in the investigation of the common carotid artery was 10% for the pulsatile diameter changes, and 21% and 23% for Ep and beta, respectively. Thus, the echo-tracking system represents a reliable system for estimation of pressure strain elastic modulus and stiffness. However, Ep and beta are systematically underestimated by 25-30%, when used in combination with indirect blood pressure measurements.
|
|
| 4. |
- Nilsson, Ola, 1957, et al.
(author)
-
Growth factors and carcinoid tumours.
- 1993
-
In: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - 0284-186X. ; 32:2, s. 115-24
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The presence of growth factors and their receptors in human midgut carcinoids and in gastric carcinoids of Mastomys have been investigated. Human midgut carcinoid tumours produce IGF-I as demonstrated by immunocytochemistry and radioimmunoassay. IGF-I receptors were detectable in half of the tumours and stimulation of cultured tumour cells with IGF-I enhanced DNA synthesis. IGF-I may therefore act as an autocrine stimulator of carcinoid tumour growth. Expression of TGF-alpha and EGF-receptors could also be demonstrated in midgut carcinoids by immunocytochemistry and Northern analysis, suggesting that TGF-alpha participates in the autocrine modulation of carcinoid growth. Co-culture of human midgut carcinoid tumours and rat fetal cholinergic neurons demonstrated secretion of a potent neuronotrophic factor by cultured tumour cells. IGF-I and TGF-alpha may account for these neuronotrophic effects, but carcinoid tumours may also secrete an as yet unidentified growth factor. Gastric (ECL cell) carcinoids developed rapidly in Mastomys during hypergastrinemia due to histamine2-receptor blockade, suggesting that gastrin is an essential growth factor for these carcinoids.
|
|
| 5. |
- Erlinge, David, et al.
(author)
-
Mitogenic effects of ATP on vascular smooth muscle cells vs. other growth factors and sympathetic cotransmitters
- 1993
-
In: American Journal of Physiology - Heart and Circulatory Physiology. - 1522-1539. ; 265:4, s. 1089-1097
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The sympathetic nervous system has been shown to exert a trophic influence on vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). Therefore, we studied the growth-regulating effects of the sympathetic cotransmitters ATP, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and norepinephrine (NE). ATP in concentrations of 1-100 microM greatly increased the incorporation of [3H]thymidine in VSMC from rat aorta and vena cava. ATP also increased cell number and total protein content. The maximal effect on [3H]thymidine incorporation was greater than for epidermal growth factor (20 ng/ml) or insulin (1 microgram/ml) and approximately one-half that of 10% fetal calf serum. The potency series of other nucleotides and analogues of ATP was ATP > beta, gamma-methyleneATP (AMP-PCP) > ADP > adenosine > alpha, beta- methyleneATP (AMP-CPP) > 2-methylthioATP, indicating involvement of a P2 receptor, however, it does not meet proposed pharmacological criteria of either the P2x or P2y subclass. Several proposed P2 receptor antagonists were without effect. The effect of ATP could be mediated by a "nucleotide receptor," since UTP also stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation. In our model, there was a strong correlation between the mitogenic effects of ATP, AMP-CPP, AMP-PCP, and UTP and their ability to stimulate influx of extracellular Ca2+ (Ca2+o). Moreover, the mitogenic effect of ATP was increased by high concentrations of Ca2+o. Taken together with data showing the lack of involvement of several other second-messenger systems, this indicates a critical role for Ca2+o in mediating the mitogenic effects of ATP. Amiloride, known to inhibit the action of several growth factors, also inhibited ATP-induced mitogenesis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
|
|
| 6. |
- Xu, Cang-Bao, et al.
(author)
-
Interactions between cultured bovine arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells: studies on uptake and degradation of low density lipoproteins by smooth muscle cells
- 1993
-
In: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - 1600-0773. ; 73:5, s. 269-273
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study was designed to investigate the effects of substances released from non-injured and injured bovine arterial endothelial cells on 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells in culture. It was demonstrated that endothelial cell-released non-dialysable (molecular weight cut off 12-14000) substances significantly stimulated 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells. Endothelial cell-released dialysable substances and endothelin-1 did not cause this stimulation. The increase in 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells could be dissociated from cell proliferation. However, in endothelial cell-smooth muscle cell co-culture 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells were not stimulated. Injury to endothelial cells by lipid-soluble smoke particles or ultraviolet light, which reduced total cellular protein by 15-25%, enhanced the endothelial cell release of the substances stimulating 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake. The results are discussed in relation to atherogenesis.
|
|
| 7. |
- Eggertsen, Robert, 1948, et al.
(author)
-
Effect of coffee on ambulatory blood pressure in patients with treated hypertension.
- 1993
-
In: Journal of internal medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 233:4, s. 351-5
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Effects of caffeine on ambulatory blood pressure, heart rate, renin-angiotensin system, and ANP were studied in patients treated for mild to moderate hypertension in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial comparing 2 weeks of caffeine-free diet with 2 weeks of regular coffee use. Twenty-three patients (13 men; aged 28-74 years) with treated, mild to moderate essential hypertension and a regular intake of 3-4 cups of coffee daily completed the study. Mean 24-h, day- or night-time ambulatory blood pressure and heart rate were not different between regimens. Nor were there any effects on the renin-angiotensin system while ANP was significantly increased during caffeine intake. Compliance of the dietary regimen was excellent as assessed by serum caffeine concentration measurements. We conclude that habitual coffee drinking did not influence the 24-h blood pressure profiles or cardiovascular hormones in treated hypertensives.
|
|
| 8. |
- Eggertsen, Robert, 1948, et al.
(author)
-
The value of screening for retinopathy and microalbuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes in primary health care.
- 1993
-
In: Scandinavian journal of primary health care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 11:2, s. 135-40
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patients with type 2 diabetes (NIDDM) attending the Primary Care Centre in Mölnlycke, Sweden, were evaluated regarding their metabolic status, microalbuminuria (UAER), and hypertension. An ophthalmological examination was performed, and two diagnostic methods, slit-lamp biomicroscopy and fundus photography, were compared. Nearly half the patients (42%) had diabetic retinopathy, mainly of the background type. Retinopathy was associated only with the duration of the disease, but the prevalence was as high as 20% within 0-4 years of the diagnosis. Fundus photography was easy to apply, except in the age groups above 80 years, in otherwise healthy and mentally cooperative patients. Fundus photography could not be applied in only 7% of the patients for ophthalmological reasons. The prevalence of microalbuminuria (20-200 micrograms/min) was high--34%--with another 8% above that range. Male sex, mode of antidiabetic treatment, and hypertension were associated with an increased UAER. Screening for retinopathy and microalbuminuria is valuable in primary health care in order to detect treatable diabetic retinopathy and to trace patients with microalbuminuria, a risk factor for clinically overt nephropathy as well as for cardiovascular diseases.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Ekelund, Ulf, et al.
(author)
-
In-vivo effects of endothelin-1 and ETA receptor blockade on arterial, venous and capillary functions in skeletal muscle
- 1993
-
In: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - 0001-6772. ; 148:3, s. 273-283
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Results from in vitro studies have indicated that endothelin-1 is a main candidate for endothelium-derived contracting factors. The aim of this in vivo study was to describe in quantitative terms the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1), and of ETA receptor blockade, on vascular tone (resistance) in large-bore arterial resistance vessels (> 25 microns), small arterioles (< 25 microns) and the veins, as well as on capillary pressure and fluid exchange in cat gastrocnemius muscle. Endothelin-1 (100-1600 ng kg-1 min-1, i.a.) elicited, after an initial transient dilation, a strong dose-dependent constrictor response in all three consecutive vascular sections, yet with a preferential action on the small arterioles and the veins. The vasoconstriction developed very slowly over about 1 h and was also long-lasting after cessation of the infusion. Our main quantitative analysis refers to effects elicited by 20 min long i.a. infusions of ET-1 at a dose of 400 ng kg-1 min-1. At the end of this period, the peptide caused, on average, a three-fold increase in total regional vascular resistance, in turn explained by a 70% increase in large-bore arterial resistance, a 280% increase in arteriolar resistance and a 220% increase in venous resistance. The latter effect was also manifested as a pronounced capacitance response, and as a decrease in the pre- to post-capillary resistance ratio leading regularly to a rise in capillary pressure, net transcapillary fluid filtration and oedema formation which is unusual for a vasoconstrictor. The new specific competitive ETA receptor antagonist FR 139317 was found to be fully effective in vivo, insofar as it abolished the constrictor response to endothelin-1. ETA receptor blockade, or administration of phosphoramidon, an inhibitor of ET-1 production, did not influence the level of basal vascular tone, indicating no significant endogenous release of ET-1 under resting conditions. This contrasts to the established pronounced endogenous release of endothelium-derived nitric oxide. Finally, vascular myogenic regulation was found not to be mediated by ET-1. The results, taken together, suggest a possible role of ET-1 in long-term, rather than short-term, regulation of vascular tone in vivo, perhaps especially during pathophysiological conditions.
|
|
