| 1. |
- Robledo-Sierra, J., et al.
(författare)
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A mechanistic linkage between oral lichen planus and autoimmune thyroid disease
- 2018
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Ingår i: Oral Diseases. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1354-523X .- 1601-0825. ; 24:6, s. 1001-1011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo determine the levels of antithyroid antibodies and thyroid hormones in the sera of patients with oral lichen planus (OLP), and to quantify the expression of thyroid proteins in OLP lesions. Subjects and MethodsVenous blood samples were drawn from 110 patients with OLP who had no history of thyroid disease or levothyroxine supplementation (OLP+/LT4-). A random population sample of 657 healthy subjects was used as the control group. Two additional groups were used as comparators. Immunohistochemical and qPCR analyses were performed on tissue specimens collected from the patients with OLP and thyroid disease and healthy subjects. ResultsNo association was found between the presence of antithyroid antibodies and OLP. More patients in the OLP+/LT4- group showed high levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone and low levels of free thyroxine than were seen in the control group. Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor was more highly expressed in the OLP lesions of patients with thyroid disease than in the healthy oral mucosa. ConclusionsA significant number of patients with OLP who are not previously diagnosed with thyroid disease have thyroid parameters that are compatible with hypothyroidism. The expression of thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor in OLP lesions suggests that mechanisms related to autoimmune thyroid disease are involved in the aetiology of OLP.
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| 2. |
- Nilsson, Ulrica G., 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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The desire for involvement in healthcare, anxiety and coping in patients and their partners after a myocardial infarction
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - London : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 12:5, s. 461-467
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is a lack of data about the information preferences of patients and their partners after a myocardial infarction. Aim: This paper explores anxiety, depression, coping and the desire to be actively involved in care in relation to age, gender and education level in myocardial infarction patients and partners. Methods: One hundred and twenty-eight patients and their partners answered the Swedish version of the Krantz Health Opinion Survey, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and the Mastery Scale one year after the patient’s myocardial infarction. Results: More active roles in decision-making during care were desired by females, younger patients and partners, and patients and partners with higher education levels. Female partners reported more anxiety than male partners, and female patients reported more depression than male patients. No differences between groups were detected in coping; overall coping was rated high. Conclusions: Secondary prevention should consist of person-centred support to both the patients and their partners, since factors such as age, gender and education level can influence information preferences during patient care.
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| 3. |
- Ohlsson, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective evaluation of the diagnostic value of video capsule endoscopy in patients initially classified as irritable bowel syndrome
- 2009
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Ingår i: European journal of internal medicine. - : Science direct. - 0953-6205 .- 1879-0828. ; 20:1, s. 48-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is characterized by chronic gastrointestinal dysfunction in the absence of detectable organic disease. The recently developed technique, video capsule endoscopy (CE), has been shown to be much more sensitive than traditional enterography in detecting mucosal changes in the small intestine. This study was performed to see if any earlier, not detectable by other standard methods, mucosal changes could be found in the small intestine in patients diagnosed as having IBS. Methods All consecutive women who, over the past five years, had received a well-founded diagnosis of IBS at the Department of Medicine were identified. Twenty-eight women, mean age 36 ± 12 years were willing to participate in the study. They underwent a CE after a pre-test with a dummy capsule. The actual IBS activity was estimated by the validated Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale (GSRS) and Psychological General Well-Being (PGWB) Index questionnaires. Results The duration of the IBS symptoms was a mean of 10 years (range 3–25). Symptoms were present, according to the scores of the GSRS and the PGWB index, at the time the patients underwent the CE. In the majority, 24 of 27 IBS patients examined, no specific small intestinal lesions were seen on CE. In two patients, CE revealed multiple small intestinal lesions such as ulcerations and/or erosions, and in one patient a duodenal ulceration. Conclusion In the vast majority of patients who fulfil the symptom criteria of IBS, no pathological mucosal lesions can be found by CE explaining the symptomatology. However, a subgroup of these patients may benefit from investigation by CE to reconsider the diagnosis.
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| 4. |
- Hietala, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Prolactin levels, breast-feeding and milk production in a cohort of young healthy women from high-risk breast cancer families : implications for breast cancer risk
- 2008
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Ingår i: Familial Cancer. - : Springer. - 1389-9600 .- 1573-7292. ; 7:3, s. 221-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High prolactin levels have been associated with increased breast cancer risk. Prolactin is essential for breast-feeding. Prolactin is lowered primarily by the first full-term pregnancy and not by subsequent pregnancies. The protection from breast cancer conferred by a long breast-feeding duration (>1 year) seems to be much greater for women with BRCA1 mutations (45%) than for women in the general population (4%). One study reported poor milk production to be more common in BRCA1 carriers (75%) than in non-carriers (36%). We aimed to explore the relationships between prolactin levels, breast-feeding duration, milk production and BRCA carrier status in young healthy women from high-risk breast cancer families. Questionnaires including information on reproductive factors and lifestyle were completed by 269 healthy women, aged 40 years or younger. Body measurements and plasma prolactin levels were obtained during cycle days 5–10 and 18–23. Prolactin was higher in nulliparous than in parous women (P<0.0001). In parous women, post-lactational prolactin levels in both cycle phases were significantly negatively associated with breast-feeding duration of the first child (P≤0.009), but not with additional breast-feeding of subsequent children (P≥0.12). Prolactin was higher in women who reported insufficient versus sufficient milk production (P≤0.01). Neither BRCA1/2 carrier status nor increasing parity was significantly associated with prolactin, breast-feeding duration of the first child or milk production. In conclusion, post-lactational prolactin levels were determined by breast-feeding duration of the first child and not simply by the first full-term pregnancy. Since prolactin modifies the risk for breast cancer, adequate counseling in favor of breast-feeding is essential for high risk women.
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| 5. |
- Möllerberg, Marie-Louise, et al.
(författare)
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The effects of a cancer diagnosis on the health of a patient's partner : a population-based registry study of cancer in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer Care. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 25:5, s. 744-752
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this population-based registry study was to explore how cancer influences the health of partners, by examining the onset of new diagnoses for partners, health care use and health care costs among partners living with patients with cancer. The sample consisted of partners of patients with cancer (N = 10 353) and partners of age- and sex-matched controls who did not have cancer (N = 74 592). Diagnoses, health care use and health care costs were studied for a continuous period starting 1 year before the date of cancer diagnosis and continued for 3 years. One year after cancer diagnosis, partners of patients with cancer had significantly more mood disorders, reactions to severe stress and ischaemic heart disease than they exhibited in the year before the diagnosis. Among partners of patients with cancer, the type of cancer was associated with the extent and form of increased health care use and costs; both health care use and costs increased among partners of patients with liver cancer, lung cancer, colon cancer and miscellaneous other cancers. The risk of poorer health varied according to the type of cancer diagnosed, and appeared related to the severity and prognosis of that diagnosis.
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| 6. |
- Bengtsson, Mariette, et al.
(författare)
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Anxiety in close relationship is higher and self-esteem lower in patients with irritable bowel syndrome compared to patients with inflammatory bowel disease
- 2013
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Ingår i: European journal of internal medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0953-6205 .- 1879-0828. ; 24:3, s. 266-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Previous research has suggested an interaction between personality factors and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as well as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). We therefore aimed to elucidate differences in psychological and coping functioning between patients with IBD and IBS, and to assess the relationship of disease activity with these functions. Methods Seventy-four patients with IBD (mean age 43 ± 17 years, range 18–82 years) and 81 patients with IBS (mean age 37 ± 12 years, range 21–66 years) completed the questionnaires; Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Toronto Alexithymia, Experiences in Close Relationships, and Sense of Coherence. Disease activity was evaluated either by the Harvey-Bradshaw index, the Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, or the Visual Analogue Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Results The study revealed that patients with IBS had higher degree of anxiety in close relationships than patients with IBD (p = 0.003), and lower self-esteem (p = 0.001). No other statistical differences between the whole groups IBS and IBD or between subgroups were seen. Conclusions The fact that patients with IBS seem to have higher levels of anxiety in relationships and lower self-esteem could influence the way the patient deal with the disease and how the communication with health care professionals works out. A higher awareness of the importance of past negative life events should be taken into consideration. Whether the disease or the personal traits are the primary event should be addressed in future research.
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| 7. |
- Bengtsson, Mariette, et al.
(författare)
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The brief Visual Analogue Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome questionnaire can be used to evaluate psychological well-being in patients with irritable bowel syndrome
- 2013
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Ingår i: European journal of internal medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0953-6205 .- 1879-0828. ; 24:7, s. e82-e83
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract Objective: The questionnaire Visual Analogue Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (VAS-IBS) has been validated in measuring gastrointestinal symptoms and psychological well-being in patients with IBS. The aim of this study was to additional evaluate the items of VAS-IBS, and to examine correlations in the items measuring psychological well-being and intestinal symptoms´ influence on daily life to attachment in close relationships, self-esteem and coping. Methods: Eighty-one patients with IBS completed VAS-IBS with five VAS items for each gastrointestinal symptom, one item for the psychological well-being, and one item for the intestinal symptoms´ influence on daily life. They also completed the questionnaires Experiences in Close Relationships, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and the Sense of Coherence. Correlations between the questionnaires and differences between subgroups were examined. Results: The rating of the item psychological well-being as poor well-being, correlated to a high degree of anxiety in close relationships (rs = -0.293, p = 0.008), low self-esteem (rs = 0.487, p = 0.000), and reduced coping (rs = 0.579, p = 0.000). Psychological well-being correlated to the intestinal symptoms´ influence on the patients´ daily life (rs = 0.515, p = 0.000). Conclusions. By this easy-to-use and brief VAS-IBS questionnaire, the health care professionals get a lot of information not only about physical symptoms, but also about the patient´s psychological well-being.
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| 8. |
- Dejin-Karlsson, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Country of origin, social support and the risk of small for gestational age birth.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : SAGE Publications. - 1651-1905 .- 1403-4948. ; 32:6, s. 442-449
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: This study investigates the risk of small for gestational age (SGA) in relation to country of origin of the mother. The role of psychosocial resources, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors was examined in different causal models. Methods: Among all pregnant nulliparous women in the city of Malmo¨ , Sweden, who gave birth in 1991 – 92, 872 (87.7%) women completed a questionnaire during their first antenatal visit. The study was carried out among women whose pregnancies resulted in a singleton live birth (n~826); 22% (n~182) of these women were foreign-born. Results: Fifty-five (6.7%) of the infants were classified as SGA, 37 (5.7%) of mothers of Swedish origin and 18 (9.7%) of foreign origin. SGA deliveries were much more prevalent among Middle East- and North Africa-born women (22%) and sub-Saharan-born women (15%). In all, women of foreign origin had increased odds for delivering SGA babies (OR~1.8, 95% CI~1.0,3.2). In a multivariate analysis psychosocial and socioeconomic factors explained 30% and 40%, respectively, of the increased SGA risk. Psychosocial factors seemed to be more prominent risk factors for SGA among mothers of foreign origin. A possible synergistic relation was demonstrated between foreign origin of the mother and low social anchorage. Conclusions: This study showed that psychosocial factors, most probably linked to a disadvantaged social situation, could be the theoretically most important focus for preventing SGA in immigrant women. This could also further support a hypothesis of a link between psychosocial stress and SGA in general. However, this should not exclude the need for intervention in the antenatal care system in terms of specially tailored support and education.
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| 9. |
- Eklund, Mona, et al.
(författare)
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Rasch analysis of an instrument for measuring occupational value : Implications for theory and practice
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy. - London, UK : Informa Healthcare. - 1103-8128 .- 1651-2014. ; 16:2, s. 118-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated psychometric properties of an instrument for assessing perceived occupational value, the 26-item OVal-pd. Data from 225 Swedish subjects with and without known mental illness were analysed regarding fit to the Rasch measurement model (partial credit model), differential item functioning (DIF), and functioning of the OVal-pd four-category response scale. The reliability (index of person separation, analogous to Cronbach's alpha) was good (0.92) but there were signs of overall and item level (six items) misfit. There was DIF between people with and without mental illness for three items. Iterative deletion of misfitting items resulted in a new 18-item DIF-free scale with good overall and individual item fit and maintained reliability (0.91). There were no disordered response category thresholds. These observations also held true in separate analyses among people with and without mental illness. Thus, the first steps of ensuring that occupational value can be measured in a valid and reliable way have been taken. Still, occupational value is a dynamic construct and the aspects that fit the construct may vary between contexts. This has implications for, e.g., cross-cultural research and calls for identification of a core set of culture-free items to allow for valid cross-cultural comparisons. Copyright © 2009 Informa UK Limited
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| 10. |
- Hammarström, Sofia, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Staff's experiences of a pilot implementation of the SEXual health Identification Tool for assessing sexual ill health among visitors to Swedish youth clinics: A focus group study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Sexual and Reproductive Healthcare. - : Elsevier BV. - 1877-5756 .- 1877-5764. ; 29
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Young people are disproportionally burdened by sexual ill health. The SEXual health Identification Tool (SEXIT) was developed for use at youth clinics, to facilitate identification of visitors exposed to or at risk of sexual ill health. The aim of this study was to explore experiences of using SEXIT among youth clinic staff who participated in a pilot implementation, with a focus on usefulness, implementation determinants, and feasibility of implementing SEXIT at Swedish youth clinics. Methods: Four focus group discussions were conducted with youth clinic staff from three clinics. The clinics had used SEXIT systematically in consultations with all visitors for one month. Data were analysed using qualitative analysis designed for focus groups. Results: Most participants experienced that the SEXIT routines were well functioning and that using SEXIT gave a comprehensive picture of the visitor and resulted in more concrete answers, which facilitated the risk assessment. The medical staff experienced that they identified more youth at risk with SEXIT, while the psychosocial staff were less convinced. Existing challenges related to the routines at the clinics and heavy workload during drop-in hours. Conclusions: Staff experience SEXIT as useful for identifying young people exposed to or at risk of sexual ill health. Systematic use ensures consistency and quality in assessing the visitors, which may facilitate implementation. The use of SEXIT is challenged by heavy workload, conflicting routines, and the experience that some visitors identified through SEXIT decline further care. Implementation of SEXIT in Swedish youth clinics is considered feasible. © 2021
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