| 1. |
- Ohlsson, Bodil, et al.
(author)
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Patients with irritable bowel syndrome and dysmotility express antibodies against gonadotropin-releasing hormone in serum.
- 2011
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In: Neurogastroenterology and Motility. - : Wiley. - 1350-1925. ; 23, s. 459-1000
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background The etiology of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and dysmotility is in most cases unknown. Organic, pathognomonic changes have not been described. We have previously demonstrated sporadic expressions of antibodies against gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in serum from these patients. The aim of this study was to screen for the presence of GnRH antibodies in healthy subjects and patients with gastrointestinal (GI) diseases. Methods Consecutive patients suffering from either IBS, idiopathic dysmotility, GI complaints secondary to diabetes mellitus, celiac disease or inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) were included. Healthy blood donors served as controls. Blood samples were taken for analyzing IgM and IgG antibodies against GnRH using an ELISA method. Medical records were scrutinized with respect to duration of symptoms, co-existing diseases, drug treatments, hereditary factors, and laboratory analyses. Key Results Healthy controls expressed low levels of GnRH IgM antibodies in a prevalence of 23%. The prevalence of GnRH IgM antibodies in IBS and dysmotility patients was 42% (P = 0.008), and the levels were higher (P = 0.000). Patients with diabetes mellitus expressed GnRH IgM antibodies in the same prevalence as controls (25%), but in higher levels (P = 0.02). Patients with celiac disease or IBD had the same or lower levels of antibodies. There were no associations between antibodies, other co-existing diseases or laboratory analyses. Conclusions & Inferences Higher levels of GnRH IgM antibodies were detected in patients with IBS and dysmotility, but not organic GI diseases, compared with healthy controls. These findings suggest that IBS and dysmotility to some extent may be of an autoimmune origin.
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| 2. |
- Ohlsson, Bodil, et al.
(author)
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Time-course of the pancreatic changes following long-term stimulation or inhibition of the CCK-A receptor
- 1995
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In: International Journal of Pancreatology. - 0169-4197. ; 18:1, s. 59-66
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cholecystokinin (CCK) reportedly induces both hyperplastic and hypertrophic changes in the pancreas. Blockade of the CCK receptor results in decreased pancreatic secretion and atrophy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the time-course of the effects of stimulation and inhibition of the CCK-A receptor in the rat exocrine pancreas. Male rats had infusion of sulfated CCK-8, the CCK-A receptor antagonist devazepide, or sodium chloride by osmotic minipumps. After 36 h, 3, 7, or 28 d the rats had ip injections of thymidine, and 1 h later they were sacrificed. The pancreas was excised, weighed, and its content of protein, DNA, water, and enzymes was analyzed. Histologic samples were prepared for autoradiography. Pancreatic weight, protein, and DNA were increased at 36 h after the start of CCK infusion and throughout the study period. CCK stimulation also increased the content of trypsin at days 3 and 28. The labeling index of pancreatic acinar cells was increased at 36 h. Blockade of endogenous CCK by the receptor antagonist devazepide led to decreased pancreatic weight from the third day of infusion, whereas the protein content was decreased from the seventh day. At day 28, the DNA content was decreased by devazepide. However, the labeling index of acinar cells decreased transiently already at 36 h. Neither CCK nor devazepide caused any changes of protein content:DNA content ratio during the study. Continuous infusion of CCK caused pancreatic hyperplasia already after 36 h. Stimulation up to 28 d did not cause any further effects. The adverse changes found after blockade of the CCK-A receptor showed much of the same time-course.
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| 5. |
- Roth, Bodil, et al.
(author)
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Auto-antibodies and their association with clinical findings in women diagnosed with microscopic colitis.
- 2013
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Microscopic colitis (MC) is a disease manifested by diarrhoea and is divided into collagenous and lymphocytic colitis. The aetiology is unknown, but auto-immunity is suggested. Auto-antibodies have been only rarely examined in this entity. The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of auto-antibodies, and to examine associations between the presence of antibodies and clinical findings.
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| 6. |
- Salö, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Appendicitis in children: evaluation of the pediatric appendicitis score in younger and older children.
- 2014
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In: Surgery research and practice. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2356-7759 .- 2356-6124. ; 2014
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. This study aimed to evaluate Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS), diagnostic delay, and factors responsible for possible late diagnosis in children <4 years compared with older children who were operated on for suspected appendicitis. Method. 122 children, between 1 and 14 years, operated on with appendectomy for suspected appendicitis, were retrospectively analyzed. The cohort was divided into two age groups: ≥4 years (n = 102) and <4 years (n = 20). Results. The mean PAS was lower among the younger compared with the older patients (5.3 and 6.6, resp.; P = 0.005), despite the fact that younger children had more severe appendicitis (75.0% and 33.3%, resp.; P = 0.001). PAS had low sensitivity in both groups, with a significantly lower sensitivity among the younger patients. Parent and doctor delay were confirmed in children <4 years of age with appendicitis. PAS did not aid in patients with doctor delay. Parameters in patient history, symptoms, and abdominal examination were more diffuse in younger children. Conclusion. PAS should be used with caution when examining children younger than 4 years of age. Diffuse symptoms in younger children with acute appendicitis lead to delay and to later diagnosis and more complicated appendicitis.
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| 7. |
- Aleksandrova, Krasimira, et al.
(author)
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Adult weight change and risk of colorectal cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
- 2013
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In: European Journal of Cancer. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0852 .- 0959-8049. ; 49:16, s. 3526-3536
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: Weight change during adult life may reflect metabolic changes and influence colorectal cancer (CRC) development, but such role is not well established. We aimed to explore the association between adult weight change (from age 20 to 50) and CRC risk. In particular, we investigated differences according to colon and rectal cancer, sex and measures of attained adiposity. Methods: We included 201,696 participants from six participating countries in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (1992-2010). During a mean follow-up of 11.2 years 2384 (1194 in men and 1190 in women) incident CRC cases occurred. Cox proportional hazard models adjusted for body mass index at age 20 and lifestyle factors at study recruitment were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: After multivariable adjustment, each kg of weight gained annually from age 20 to 50 was associated with a 60% higher risk of colon cancer (95% CI 1.20-2.09), but not rectal cancer (HR 1.13, 95% CI 0.79-1.62, P-interaction = 0.04). The higher risk of colon cancer was restricted to people with high attained waist circumference at age 50 (HR 1.82, 95% CI 1.14-2.91, P-interaction = 0.02). Results were not different in men and women (P-interaction = 0.81). Conclusion(s): Adult weight gain, as reflected by attained abdominal obesity at age 50, increases colon cancer risk in both men and women. These data underline the importance of weight management and metabolic health maintenance in early adult life years for colon cancer prevention. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 8. |
- Andréasson, Kristofer, et al.
(author)
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Faecal calprotectin: a biomarker of gastrointestinal disease in systemic sclerosis.
- 2011
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In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 270, s. 50-57
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract. Andréasson K, Scheja A, Saxne T, Ohlsson B, Hesselstrand R. (Section for Rheumatology; Section for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden). Faecal calprotectin: a biomarker of gastrointestinal disease in systemic sclerosis. J Intern Med 2010; doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02340.x. Background. Assessment of gastrointestinal (GI) involvement in systemic sclerosis (SSc) is difficult. Measurement of calprotectin in faeces is a valuable tool for the assessment of inflammatory bowel diseases. Calprotectin is an intracellular protein found in leucocytes and is a potent activator of the innate immune system. Objective. To determine whether faecal calprotectin (F-calprotectin) could serve as a biomarker of GI disease in SSc. Design. In a cross-sectional study, F-calprotectin and plasma calprotectin were measured in patients with SSc using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. F-calprotectin concentrations were evaluated in relation to cineradiography, medical records, laboratory measurements and patients' subjective GI symptoms. Setting. The study was conducted at a tertiary referral centre for SSc. Subjects. The study comprised 81 consecutive patients with SSc. Results. A majority of the patients had pathological levels of F-calprotectin when compared to accepted clinical reference values for healthy adults. F-calprotectin did not correlate with calprotectin levels in plasma. F-calprotectin was associated with the following patient characteristics: pathological cineradiography, history of referral to another clinic because of GI disease, treatment of vitamin or mineral deficiency and use of proton pump inhibitors. We did not find any significant correlation between F-calprotectin and patient-reported GI symptoms. Conclusion. Faecal calprotectin is increased in a majority of patients with SSc. It correlates with objective and clinically important features of GI disease, and faecal concentrations do not vary with plasma concentrations. We suggest that F-calprotectin is a promising objective non-invasive biomarker of GI involvement in SSc.
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| 9. |
- Romaguera, Dora, et al.
(author)
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Pre-diagnostic concordance with the WCRF/AICR guidelines and survival in European colorectal cancer patients : a cohort study
- 2015
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In: BMC Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1741-7015. ; 13
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Cancer survivors are advised to follow lifestyle recommendations on diet, physical activity, and body fatness proposed by the World Cancer Research Fund/American Institute of Cancer Research (WCRF/AICR) for cancer prevention. Previous studies have demonstrated that higher concordance with these recommendations measured using an index score (the WCRF/AICR score) was associated with lower cancer incidence and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between pre-diagnostic concordance with WCRF/AICR recommendations and mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.METHODS: The association between the WCRF/AICR score (score range 0-6 in men and 0-7 in women; higher scores indicate greater concordance) assessed on average 6.4 years before diagnosis and CRC-specific (n = 872) and overall mortality (n = 1,113) was prospectively examined among 3,292 participants diagnosed with CRC in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort (mean follow-up time after diagnosis 4.2 years). Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality.RESULTS: The HRs (95% CIs) for CRC-specific mortality among participants in the second (score range in men/women: 2.25-2.75/3.25-3.75), third (3-3.75/4-4.75), and fourth (4-6/5-7) categories of the score were 0.87 (0.72-1.06), 0.74 (0.61-0.90), and 0.70 (0.56-0.89), respectively (P for trend <0.0001), compared to participants with the lowest concordance with the recommendations (category 1 of the score: 0-2/0-3). Similar HRs for overall mortality were observed (P for trend 0.004). Meeting the recommendations on body fatness and plant food consumption were associated with improved survival among CRC cases in mutually adjusted models.CONCLUSIONS: Greater concordance with the WCRF/AICR recommendations on diet, physical activity, and body fatness prior to CRC diagnosis is associated with improved survival among CRC patients.
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| 10. |
- Bengtsson, Mariette, et al.
(author)
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Further validation of the visual analogue scale for irritable bowel syndrome after use in clinical practice
- 2013
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In: Gastroenterology Nursing. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 1042-895X .- 1538-9766. ; 36:3, s. 188-198
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Visual Analogue Scale for Irritable Bowel Syndrome (VAS-IBS), a self-rating questionnaire, was designed to measure symptoms and the effect of treatment in patients suffering from irritable bowel syndrome. The aim of this descriptive correlational study was to conduct further psychometric validation after the VAS-IBS had been used in clinical practice, translate it into English, and compare the results with controls. Forty-nine patients with irritable bowel syndrome (median age = 38 years old [range, 18-69 years]) were compared with 90 healthy persons (median age = 44 years old [range, 21-77 years]) who served as controls. The patients with irritable bowel syndrome completed 3 questionnaires: the VAS-IBS, the Gastrointestinal Symptom Rating Scale, and the Perception of Change of Symptoms. Controls completed only the VAS-IBS. Results showed that the VAS-IBS is a valid questionnaire that measures the degree of change of symptoms and discriminates between patients who have irritable bowel syndrome from those who do not. It is important to compare the VAS-IBS among different cultural populations so we suggest that the English version of the VAS-IBS should now be used in English-speaking countries and be further tested for validity and reliability with English-speaking patients.
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