| 1. |
- Ohlsson, Bodil, et al.
(författare)
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Acute taurodeoxycholate-induced pancreatitis in the rat is associated with hyperCCKemia
- 2000
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Ingår i: International Journal of Pancreatology. - 0169-4197. ; 27:3, s. 195-201
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Cholecystokinin (CCK) has been suggested to be involved in the development and course of acute pancreatitis. In the present study we measured plasma CCK concentrations in acute experimental pancreatitis (AEP) in the rat, and evaluated the role of circulating CCK levels on the initial pancreatic damage in pancreatitis. METHODS: Endogenous hyperCCKemia was induced by surgical biliodigestive shunt (BDS) and exogenous hyperCCKemia by infusion of CCK-8S. The CCK-A receptor antagonist devazepide was used to antagonize the effect of CCK. Pancreatitis was induced by pancreatic duct infusion of sodium taurodeoxycholate 4 wk after the BDS operation or 1 wk after the start of the infusions. Nonpancreatitic sham- and BDS-operated rats, respectively, were used as control animals as were groups of otherwise untreated rats with pancreatitis. The animals were sacrificed 6 h after induction of pancreatitis. Concentrations of CCK were determined in plasma as were protein and amylase levels in the pancreas and peritoneal exudates. The extent of pancreatic necroses was assessed microscopically. RESULTS: Pancreatitis caused an 11-20-fold increase of circulating CCK as measured after 6 h. In pancreatitic rats with induced hyperCCKemia, there was a further marked increase of plasma CCK. Pancreatic weight and edema, protein and amylase contents, and extent of necroses were the same regardless of the level of plasma CCK. Devazepide had no influence on the studied pancreatic parameters. CONCLUSION: We conclude that acute taurodeoxycholate-induced pancreatitis in the rat is associated with elevated plasma CCK concentrations. There seems, however, not to be any correlation between the degree of hyperCCKemia and the extent of initial pancreatic damage.
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| 2. |
- Andersson-Engels, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Integrated system for interstitial photodynamic therapy
- 2002
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Ingår i: Advanced Optical Devices, Technologies, and Medical Applications. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 5123, s. 293-302
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- To develop PDT beyond treatment of thin superficial tumours, to also be an efficient treatment alternative for deeply located and/or thick tumours, a system based on interstitial illumination using multiple fibres has been developed. Conditions that could benefit from such a treatment modality are for instance malignant brain tumours and tumours in the oral cavity. In interstitial PDT one needs to use multiple fibres for light delivery in order to allow treatments of tumours larger than a few millimetres in diameter. Our system consists of a laser light source, a beam-splitting system dividing the light into three or six output fibres and a custom-made dosimetry programme. The concept is then to use these fibres not only for delivering the treatment light but also to measure parameters of interest for the treatment outcome. The fluence rate of the light emitted by each fibre is measured at the positions of the other fibre tips. From these results the light dose at all positions could be recalculated. Changes in optical properties as well as bleaching and concentration of the photosensitizer during the treatment could be monitored and compensated for in the dosimetry. Tumours have been treated both in experimental studies and in patients with thick superficial Basal Cell Carcinomas. Almost all treated skin lesions responded with complete response.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Andersson-Engels, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Integrated system for interstitial photodynamic therapy
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 5142, s. 42-49
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A novel photodynamic therapy system based on interstitial illumination using multiple fibres is under development. The aim with this system is to enable treatment of large tumour volumes and also to utilise real-time measurements to allow on-line dosimetry. Important dosimetric parameters to measure are light fluence rate, sensitizer fluorescence intensity and local blood oxygenation. A construction which allows all functions to be readily performed with a single system is presented. We believe that interstitial PDT utilising this technique may be attractive in many clinical situations.
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| 5. |
- deWeert, Michael J., et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of spatial variability in hyperspectral imagery of the uterine cervix in vivo
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE. - : SPIE. ; 4959, s. 67-76
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of fluorescence and reflectance spectroscopy in the analysis of cervical histopathology is a growing field of research. The majority of this research is performed with point-like probes. Typically, clinicians select probe sites visually, collecting a handful of spectral samples. An exception to this methodology is the Hyperspectral Diagnostic Imaging (HSDI®) instrument developed by Science and Technology International. This non-invasive device collects contiguous hyperspectral images across the entire cervical portio. The high spatial and spectral resolution of the HSDI instruments make them uniquely well suited for addressing the issues of coupled spatial and spectral variability of tissues in vivo. Analysis of HSDI data indicates that tissue spectra vary from point to point, even within histopathologically homogeneous regions. This spectral variability exhibits both random and patterned components, implying that point monitoring may be susceptible to significant sources of noise and clutter inherent in the tissue. We have analyzed HSDI images from clinical CIN (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia) patients to quantify the spatial variability of fluorescence and reflectance spectra. This analysis shows the spatial structure of images to be fractal in nature, in both intensity and spectrum. These fractal tissue textures will limit the performance of any point-monitoring technology.
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| 6. |
- Engstrom, P.E., et al.
(författare)
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Electrically mediated drug delivery for treatment of an adenocarcinoma transplanted into rat liver
- 2001
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - 1791-7530. ; 21:3B, s. 1817-1822
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In this study, electrochemotherapy (ECT), i.e. tumour treatment based on local augmentation of intracellular drug delivery from short, intense electric pulses, was evaluated in rats with an adenocarcinoma implanted into the liver. Tumour response and concentrations of macrophages and T-lymphocytes (CD4 and CD8) in and around the tumour were measured.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were treated with permeabilizing electric pulses, bleomycin, or both, eight days after implantation of the tumour, while one group received sham treatment.RESULTS: Treatment with electric pulses and bleomycin resulted in a significantly reduced lesion volume and 92% cure rate (12 out of 13, p<0.0002 compared to the other treatment groups). The highest concentration of CD8 lymphocytes was found in tumours treated with electric pulses and bleomycin. Macrophages were found mainly in tumours treated with electric pulses, with or without bleomycin.CONCLUSION: Electrochemotherapy using millisecond exponential pulses and bleomycin is efficient in a rat liver tumour model and appears to stimulate the host's immune system.
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| 7. |
- Ivarsson, Kjell, et al.
(författare)
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Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) after laser thermotherapy of an adenocarcinoma transplanted into rat liver.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Anticancer research. - 1791-7530. ; 23:5A, s. 3703-3712
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The heat shock proteins (HSPs) HSP70 and gp96 from necrotic tumour cells are considered to function as chaperones in presenting tumour antigens. We therefore studied HSP70 and immune cells in a transplantable carcinoma in the liver of rats after interstitial laser thermotherapy (ILT). Experiments were performed in Wistar FU rats using a dimethyl-hydrazine-induced adenocarcinoma implanted into the left lateral lobe of the liver. Rats were randomized to one of the following groups: a) ILT of tumour, b) sham ILT, or c) control. ILT was suboptimal and was performed at a steady-state temperature of 43 degrees C at the tumour margin for 30 minutes. Rats were killed 15 minutes, 5 hours, 10 hours, 15 hours or 12 days after treatment. Double immunohistochemistry was performed for HSP70 and ED1 macrophages or CD8 lymphocytes, and ELISA for serum concentrations of HSP70. After ILT, there was an increase of HSP70 immunoreactivity in tumours as compared to sham ILT. At the same time, tumour cells affected by ILT showed a shift of HSP70 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus with a peak at 10 hours. Few CD8-positive cells were found. There was an increase of tumour-infiltrating ED1 macrophages after ILT as compared to sham ILT at 10-15 hours after treatment. HSP70 was present in ED1 macrophages significantly more frequently after ILT than after sham ILT, and this was true both for HSP70 localized to the surface and the cytoplasm of the macrophage. There was a significant increase in serum HSP70 during the first 15 hours after ILT. In conclusion, laser thermotherapy resulted in increased HSP70 immunoreactivity within tumours and HSP70 shifts from cytoplasm to nucleus. Furthermore, it resulted in increased numbers of tumour-infiltrating macrophages and an increased presence of HSP70 in the membrane and cytoplasm of these macrophages.
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| 9. |
- Lindell, Gert, et al.
(författare)
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Extended operation with or without intraoperative (IORT) and external (EBRT) radiotherapy for gallbladder carcinoma.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Hepato-Gastroenterology. - 0172-6390. ; 50:50, s. 310-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gallbladder carcinoma is a rare disease with dismal prognosis. However, lately improved survival has been reported after extended operation including liver resection and lymphadenectomy in addition to cholecystectomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate such a surgical strategy with and without adjuvant intra- and postoperative radiotherapy (IORT/EBRT). METHODOLOGY: 20 patients underwent extended operation and the last 10 of them IORT/EBRT in addition. Tumor staging was done using the TNM system, determination of histological tumor differentiation and immunohistochemical assessment of p53, Ki67, metallothionein, deleted in colorectal cancer and carcinoembryogenic antigen in tumor tissue. RESULTS: There was no hospital mortality. Postoperative complications occurred in 3 patients (15%). Actuarial 5-year survival was 47% in the radiotherapy group and 13% after operation only (NS). The corresponding figures for median survival are 28.8 and 20.2 months, respectively. Five patients are still alive in the radiotherapy group. There was no difference in tumour stages of the two groups irrespective of the way of evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that extended operation for gallbladder carcinoma +/- IORT/EBRT can be done safely. The tendency to longer survival after adjuvant radiotherapy was not statistically significant.
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