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- Graflund, M., et al.
(author)
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Relation between HPV-DNA and expression of p53, bcl-2, p21WAF-1, MIB-1, HER-2/neu and DNA ploidy in early cervical carcinoma : correlation with clinical outcome
- 2004
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In: Oncology Reports. - Athens, Greece : Spandidos Publications. - 1021-335X .- 1791-2431. ; 12:1, s. 169-176
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of the present study was to analyze the relation between the expression of p53, bcl-2, p21WAF1, MIB-1, HER-2/neu, DNA ploidy and HPV16 or 18 infections with clinical parameters. HPV-DNA was evaluated in 171 early cervical carcinomas treated from 1965 to 1990 and detected by PCR (polymerase chain reaction) on paraffin specimens obtained before therapy was started. HPV-DNA of any type was detected in 78% (86/110) of all tumors, HPV16 was the predominant type and was seen in 56% (62/110), HPV18 in 8% (9/110) and HPV35 in 21% (23/110). Patients with HPV16 or 18 were significantly (P=0.011) younger than patients with tumors not containing these two HPV subtypes. Lymph node metastases were seen more frequently (P=0.047) in tumors expressing HPV16 or 18. Tumor size was associated with the HPV-type. The frequency of DNA aneuploidy was lower in high-risk HPV tumors than in tumors with other HPV subtypes (P=0.014). MIB-1 expression was highly significantly (P=0.00007) associated with presence of HPV16 or 18. The cancer-specific survival rate was lower for patients with HPV16 and 18 positive tumors, but the difference was not statistically significant. The overall 5-year survival rate of the complete series was 91%. In conclusion, the HPV DNA subtype was a prognostic factor in early stage cervical cancer and it was associated with age, positive lymph nodes, tumor size, DNA ploidy and the proliferation marker MIB-1.
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| 2. |
- Li, Hui-xiang, et al.
(author)
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[Expressions of thymidine phosphorylase, thymidylate synthase and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase in breast cancer and their correlations with prognosis]
- 2004
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In: Zhonghua zhong liu za zhi [Chinese journal of oncology]. - Beijing, China : Zhongguo Yixue Kexueyuan / Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. - 0253-3766. ; 26:11, s. 669-672
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To study the expression of thymidine phosphorylase (TP), thymidylate synthase (TS) and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) mRNA in breast cancer and its correlation with prognosis.Methods: Expression levels of TP, TS and DPD mRNA in 86 micro-selected breast cancer tissues and 9 normal breast tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR.Results: The median expression levels of TP, TS and DPD mRNA in tumor tissue and in normal tissues were 16.54, 0.38, 2.47 and 11.75, 0.25, 8.33, respectively, there were no significant differences (P >0.05). The expression levels of TP, TS and DPD mRNA showed no association with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, pathological grade and clinical stage, except that of DPD showed a negative association with patients' ages. There was no significant difference in disease-free survival or overall survival between the patients with high and low TP or DPD mRNA levels. Disease-free survival tends to be better in the patients with low TS mRNA level than those with high TS mRNA, but the difference was not significant (P=0.069), while the overall survival showed a statistically difference (59.00 month and 70.30 month) (P=0.0496).Conclusion: The expression level of TS mRNA may serve as a prognostic marker for breast cancer patients.
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| 3. |
- Wu, Qinghua, et al.
(author)
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Expression of Ephb2 and Ephb4 in breast carcinoma
- 2004
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In: Pathology and Oncology Research. - Budapest, Hungary : Arányi Lajos Foundation. - 1219-4956 .- 1532-2807. ; 10:1, s. 26-33
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their cell-surface-bound ligands, the ephrins, play key roles in diverse biological processes. Eph receptors comprise the largest family of receptor tyrosine kinases consisting of eight EphA receptors (with five corresponding ephrinA ligands) and six EphB receptors (with three corresponding transmembrane ephrinB ligands). Originally identified as neuronal pathfinding molecules, EphB receptors and ephrinB ligands are later proved to be crucial regulators of vasculogenesis and embryogenesis. More studies indicate that Eph receptors are involved in angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. This study aimed to investigate the expression of EphB2 and EphB4 in breast carcinomas. Semiquantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used to examine the expression patterns of EphB2 and EphB4. Clinicopathological and survival correlations were statistically analyzed in a series of 94 breast carcinomas, 9 normal specimens and 4 breast carcinoma cell lines. 1(1%), 16(17%), 29(31%), 48(51%) of the 94 tumors were negative, weak, moderate and strong EphB2 protein expression, respectively. 6(6%), 27(29%), 28(30%), 33(35%) of the tumors were negative, weak, moderate and strong EphB4 expression, respectively. Both EphB2 and EphB4 RTPCR products could be detected in all specimens. Increased EphB2 protein expression was negatively associated with overall survival, and there was a trend that increased EphB2 protein expression was correlated with shorter disease free survival, while EphB4 protein expression was associated with histological grade and stage. EphB4 membrane staining was increased with S phase fraction and associated with DNA aneuploidy. These findings indicate that both EphB2 and EphB4 are involved in the development of breast cancer and that both molecules could be potential predictive markers.
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| 5. |
- Lindblad, Per, 1953-
(author)
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Epidemiology of renal cell carcinoma
- 2004
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Surgery. - London, United Kingdom : Sage Publications. - 1457-4969 .- 1799-7267. ; 93:2, s. 88-96
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The increasing incidence of RCC in most populations may in part be due to increasing numbers of incidentally detected cancers with new imaging methods. Further, the increase is not only limited to small local tumours but also includes more advanced tumours, which may to some part explain the still high mortality rates. The variation in incidence between populations may have several other explanations. Traditionally the starting point has included thoughts of environmental exposures, which so far have only in part explained the causes of RCC, by means of cigarette smoking and obesity, which may account for approximately 40% of cases in high-risk countries (Table 2). Further, the genetic variations may be of importance as a cause of the difference between populations. Continued research in RCC is needed with the knowledge that nearly 50% of patients die within 5 years after diagnosis. The further search for environmental exposures should take in account the knowledge that RCC consists of different types with specific genetic molecular characteristics. These genetic alterations have in some cases been suggested to be associated with specific exposures. Furthermore, there might exist a modulating effect of genetic polymorphisms among metabolic activation and detoxification enzymes. Hence, a further understanding of the genetic and molecular processes involved in RCC will hopefully give us a better knowledge how to analyse and interpret exposure associations that have importance for both initiation and progression of RCC.
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| 6. |
- Mucci, L. A., et al.
(author)
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Dietary acrylamide and risk of renal cell cancer
- 2004
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In: Int J Cancer. - Hoboken, USA : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 109:5, s. 774-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The detection of acrylamide, classified as a probable human carcinogen, in commonly consumed foods created public health alarm. Thus far, only 2 epidemiologic studies have examined the effect of dietary acrylamide on cancer risk. Presently, we reanalyzed data from a large population-based Swedish case-control study of renal cell cancer. Food frequency data were linked with national food databases on acrylamide content, and daily acrylamide intake was estimated for participants. The risk of renal cell cancer was evaluated for intake of food items with elevated acrylamide levels and for total daily acrylamide dose. Adjusting for potential confounders, there was no evidence that food items with elevated acrylamide, including coffee (OR(highest vs. lowest quartile) = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.4-1.1), crisp breads (OR(highest vs. lowest quartile) = 1.0; 95% CI = 0.6-1.6) and fried potatoes (OR(highest vs. lowest quartile) = 1.1; 95% CI = 0.7-1.7), were associated with a higher risk of renal cell cancer risk. Furthermore, there was no association between estimated daily acrylamide intake through diet and cancer risk (OR(highest vs. lowest quartile) = 1.1; 95% CI = 0.7-1.8; p for trend = 0.8). The results of this study are in line with the 2 previous studies examining dietary acrylamide and suggest there is no association between dietary acrylamide and risk of renal cell cancer.
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| 7. |
- Olsson, Louise, 1960-
(author)
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Early detection of colorectal cancer
- 2004
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis addresses the early detection of colorectal cancer from several aspects. An audit of the diagnostic process was conducted in 227/235 (97%) patients with recentlydiagnosed colorectal cancer in the County of Västmanland, Sweden in 1998-99. The median work-up-time was 42 (QR 12-110) days for colon cancer and 23 (QR 0-49) days for rectal cancer. A family history was documented on the first visit in 2 /179 (1%) cases. For patients with right-sided cancer and a positive F-Hb, the median work-up time was 53 days while it was 448 days for patients with a negative result (p<0.01). The lack of ascertainment of family history as a means of risk assessment and the benefit of F-Hb in patients attending with symptoms could be questioned. The same cohort of patients was asked for a date on which the first symptoms appeared with an accuracy of two weeks. Emergency cases were excluded and the elective population was analysed separately. In this group, the median symptom duration was 20 weeks; 19 weeks for Dukes A and B and 21 weeks for Dukes C and D (p=0.8). Symptom duration did not influence overall survival either. Other public health strategies than a reduction in symptom duration have to be found. The risk of developing colorectal cancer is highly affected by genetic susceptibility. A family history was obtained from 400/411 (97%) eligible colorectal cancer patients in the County of Västmanland in 1998-2001. Five (1.2%) cases of HNPCC were identified. At least one first-degree relative with colorectal cancer was found in 47 (11.4%) patients. Every ninth patient with colorectal cancer thus represents a highly or intermediately increased risk of the disease among relatives. The low frequency makes the establishment of surveillance programs feasible. Mutations of the APC gene initiate the adeno-carcinoma sequence. As such, they are theoretically optimal markers for the early detection of colorectal cancer. Stool samples were collected from 28 patients with Dukes B cancer, 18 with adenomas of > 1 cm and 28 controls. A Digital Protein Truncation Test was applied and 17 / 28 (61%) cancer patients and 9 / 18 adenoma patients were identified. All the controls were negative. This suggests a new approach to screening for colorectal cancer. It is uncertain whether proximal cancer could also be detected using faecal DNA analysis. The BAT 26 tract is a marker of microsatellite instability, a characteristic trait of proximal cancer. Stool samples were collected from 46 patients with proximal cancer, 19 with proximal adenoma and 69 controls. Among cancer patients, 18 were found to have BAT 26 alterations in their tumours and 17 of them could be detected in stools. All the controls and adenoma patients were negative. The high specificity strengthens the prospect of DNA-based screening.
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