| 1. |
- Cardell, L O, et al.
(författare)
-
Genes regulating molecular and cellular functions in noninfectious nonallergic rhinitis.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 1398-9995 .- 0105-4538. ; 64:9, s. 1301-8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chronic noninfectious, nonallergic rhinitis (NINAR) is a complex syndrome with a principally unknown pathophysiology. New technology has made it possible to examine differentially expressed genes and according to network theory, genes connected by their function that might have key roles in the disease.
|
|
| 2. |
- Cardell, Lars-Olaf, et al.
(författare)
-
TOTALL: high cost of allergic rhinitis-a national Swedish population-based questionnaire study.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: NPJ primary care respiratory medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2055-1010. ; 26
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Allergic rhinitis is a global illness with a well-recognised impact on quality of life and work performance. Comparatively little is known about the extent of its economic impact on society. The TOTALL study estimates the total cost of allergic rhinitis using a sample representing the entire Swedish population of working age. A questionnaire focused on allergic rhinitis was mailed out to a random population of Swedish residents, aged 18-65 years. Health-care contacts, medications, absenteeism (absence from work) and presenteeism (reduced working capacity at work) were assessed, and the direct and indirect costs of allergic rhinitis were calculated. Medication use was evaluated in relation to the ARIA guidelines. In all, 3,501 of 8,001 (44%) answered the questionnaire, and 855 (24%) of these reported allergic rhinitis. The mean annual direct and indirect costs because of allergic rhinitis were €210.3 and €750.8, respectively, resulting in a total cost of €961.1 per individual/year. Presenteeism represented 70% of the total cost. Antihistamines appear to be used in excess in relation to topical steroids, and the use of nasal decongestants was alarmingly high. The total cost of allergic rhinitis in Sweden, with a population of 9.5 million, was estimated at €1.3 billion annually. These unexpectedly high costs could be related to the high prevalence of disease, in combination with the previously often underestimated indirect costs. Improved adherence to guidelines might ease the economic burden on society.
|
|
| 3. |
- Ahlström-Emanuelsson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
-
Effects of topical formoterol alone and in combination with budesonide in a pollen season model of allergic rhinitis.
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Respiratory Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-3064 .- 0954-6111. ; 101:6, s. 1106-1112
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: beta(2)-Agonists may exert mast cell stabilizing and anti-plasma exudation effects. White available data suggest no or only marginal effects of beta(2)-agonists on symptoms of allergic rhinitis, little is known about whether these drugs may add to the efficacy of anti-rhinitis drugs. Objective: To examine effects of a beta(2)-agonist, alone and in combination with an intranasal glucocorticosteroid, on symptoms and signs of allergic rhinitis. Methods: Patients were examined in a pollen season model. Budesonide 64 mu g, alone and in combination with formoterot 9 mu g, as well as formoterot 9 mu g alone was given in a placebo-controlled and crossover design. After 7 days of treatment, the patients received allergen challenges for 7 days. Symptoms and nasal peak inspiratory flow (PIF) were recorded. Nasal lavages with and without histamine were carried out at the end of each challenge series. These lavages were analysed for tryptase, eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), and alpha(2)-macroglobutin as indices of mast cell activity, eosinophil activity, and plasma exudation, respectively. Results: Budesonide reduced symptoms of allergic rhinitis and improved nasal PIF in the morning, in the evening as well as post allergen challenge. Formoterol alone did not affect symptoms or nasal PIF and did not affect the efficacy of budesonide. Tryptase, ECP, and alpha(2)-macroglobutin were significantly reduced by budesonide. Formoterol alone did not affect these indices and did not affect the anti-inflammatory effect of budesonide. Conclusion: The present dose of formoterot does not affect symptoms and inflammatory signs of allergic rhinitis and does not add to the efficacy of topical budesonide.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Brandelius, Angelica, et al.
(författare)
-
dsRNA-induced expression of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in asthmatic epithelial cells is inhibited by a small airway relaxant.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1522-9629 .- 1094-5539. ; 24, s. 59-66
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- RATIONALE: Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin (TSLP) is considered a hub cytokine that activates dendritic cells and T-cells producing asthma-like Th(2)-inflammation. Viral stimuli, a major cause of asthma exacerbations, have been shown to induce overexpression of TSLP in asthmatic epithelium. Capsazepine has multiple effects and is of interest because it relaxes human small airways. Here we have explored effects of capsazepine on viral surrogate (dsRNA)-induced TSLP and other cytokines (TNF-alpha, IL-8) in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBEC) from healthy and asthmatic donors. METHODS: HBEC obtained from healthy and asthmatic subjects were grown and stimulated with dsRNA. Cells pre-treated with capsazepine (3-30μM), dexamethasone (0.1-10μM) or an IkappaB-kinase inhibitor (PS1145, 30μM) were also exposed to dsRNA (10μg/ml). Cells and supernatants were harvested for analyses of gene expression (RT-qPCR) and protein production (ELISA,Western blot). RESULTS: dsRNA-induced TSLP, TNF-alpha, and IL-8 in asthmatic and non-asthmatic HBEC. Dexamethasone attenuated gene expression and protein release whereas capsazepine dose-dependently, and similar to a non-relaxant NFkB inhibitor (PS1145), completely inhibited dsRNA-induced TSLP and TNF-alpha in both healthy and asthmatic HBEC. Capsazepine reduced dsRNA-induced IL-8 and it prevented dsRNA-induced loss of the NF-κB repressor protein IkBα. CONCLUSION: Additional to its human small airway relaxant effects we now demonstrate that capsazepine has potent anti-inflammatory effects on viral stimulus-induced cytokines in HBEC from healthy as well as asthmatic donors. Based on these data we suggest that exploration of structure-activity amongst the multifaceted capsazepinoids is warranted in search for compounds of therapeutic value in viral-induced, steroid-resistant asthma.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Canova, C R, et al.
(författare)
-
Increased prevalence of perennial allergic rhinitis in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Respiration. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0356 .- 0025-7931. ; 71:2, s. 138-143
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Impaired nasal breathing is a risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether atopy to perennial allergens and existence of perennial allergic rhinitis was a risk factor for OSAS. Methods: In a case-control study, we compared the proportions of OSAS patients with atopy to perennial allergens and perennial allergic rhinitis to the proportions in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Seventy-two OSAS patients (mean age 60.7 years; 79.4% male) and 44 COPD patients (mean age 63.6 years; 88.6% male) were selected from a hospital outpatients' clinic in Switzerland. All patients completed a respiratory symptom questionnaire, performed spirometry and had a skin prick test for atopy. Results: OSAS patients were significantly heavier than COPD patients (BMI 32.4 +/- (SD) 6.6 vs. 29.2 +/- 6.6 kg/m(2), p = 0.04) and had a better lung function than COPD patients (FEV1% predicted 91.3 +/- 19.2 vs. 51.6 +/- 18.9%, p < 0.001). Patients with OSAS were more likely to be sensitized to perennial allergens such as house dust mite (23.6 vs. 4.5%, p = 0.009) and dog (18 vs. 4.5%, p = 0.04) than the COPD patients. Perennial allergic rhinitis ( having nose problems [ nasal obstruction and/or runny nose and/or sneezing] all year and being atopic to at least one perennial allergen) was reported in 11% of OSAS patients but in only 2.3% of COPD patients (p = 0.15). Conclusion: We conclude that subjects with OSAS may have an increased risk of being allergic to perennial allergens and suffer from perennial rhinitis. Awareness of this risk may have important consideration in the clinical situation.
|
|
| 9. |
- Downie, SR, et al.
(författare)
-
Association between nasal and bronchial symptoms in subjects with persistent allergic rhinitis
- 2004
-
Ingår i: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 1398-9995 .- 0105-4538. ; 59:3, s. 320-326
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The association between nasal and bronchial symptoms, and the course of bronchial responsiveness and airway inflammation in house dust mite sensitive persistent rhinitis over a prolonged time period has not been thoroughly explored. Objective: To determine if nasal symptoms were associated with bronchial symptoms in persistent rhinitic subjects, and to assess their bronchial responsiveness and airway inflammation in comparison to nonrhinitic, nonatopic controls. The additional impact of pollen sensitivity on the lower airways in rhinitic subjects was also addressed. Methods: Rhinitics and controls answered telephone symptom questionnaires once every 2 weeks for 1 year. Every 3 months, exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and bronchial responsiveness to histamine were measured. Results: Thirty-seven rhinitics and 19 controls completed the study. High nasal symptom scores in rhinitic subjects were associated with bronchial symptoms (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.5). Bronchial hyper-responsiveness was present in 32.4% of rhinitic subjects on at least one clinical visit during the year. Pollen allergy caused seasonal variation in eNO (P = 0.03). Conclusion: In persistent rhinitic subjects, high nasal symptom scores were associated with bronchial symptoms, and many subjects experienced bronchial hyper-responsiveness during the year. Persistent rhinitic subjects were more at risk than healthy adults of bronchial symptoms and airway inflammation, which are likely risk factors for asthma.
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
