| 1. |
- Nyberg, Jan, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Osseointegration of implants in irradiated bone with and without hyperbaric oxygen treatment : an experimental study in rat tibiae
- 2013
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Ingår i: International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Implants. - : Quintessence Publishing Co., Inc.. - 0882-2786 .- 1942-4434. ; 28:3, s. 739-746
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) has been recommended to enhance implant osseointegration in irradiated bone. The aim of this study was to further investigate the effects of HBO on implant integration in irradiated bone tissue.Materials and Methods: The present study was an experimental intraindividual study in 16 rats. A single fraction of 20 Gy external irradiation was applied to one rat hind leg, while the other served as a nonirradiated control. Three days after radiation, two implants were inserted in each tibial tuberosity. The rats were divided into two groups: non-HBO treated (group 1) and HBO treated (group 2). Five weeks after radiation, removal torque tests were performed. Implants with surrounding tissue were processed to undecalcified cut and ground sections for histomorphometric evaluations of bone-to-implant contact and bone area. Retrieved bones were also investigated with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.Results: The non-HBO treated rats (group 1) demonstrated higher, but not statistically significantly higher, values in the nonirradiated leg for all investigated parameters compared to the HBO-treated rats (group 2). However, the mean value for bone area was significantly higher in the irradiated sides compared to the nonirradiated control sides.Conclusions: In the present study, HBO treatment did not have a significant impact on osseointegration of implants in irradiated bone.
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| 2. |
- Blomqvist, My, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of dental care and dental anxiety in adults with autism spectrum disorder
- 2014
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Ingår i: Autism Research and Treatment. - New York, USA : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-1925 .- 2090-1933. ; 2014
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dental anxiety is associated with previous distressing dental experiences, such as lack of understanding of the dentist intentions, perceptions of uncontrollability and experiences of pain during dental treatment. People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are impaired in building flexible predictions and expectations, which is very much needed during a dental visit. The aims of the study were to investigate if people with ASD have more negative dental experiences and a higher level of dental anxiety compared to a matched control group. Forty-seven adults with ASD and of normal intellectual performance, and 69 age- and sex-matched typically developing controls completed questionnaires on previous dental experiences and dental anxiety, the Dental Anxiety Scale, and the Dental Beliefs Survey. The ASD group experienced pain during dental treatments more often than the controls and 22% had repeatedly experienced being forced to dental treatment they were not prepared for, compared to 3% of the controls. A higher level of dental anxiety was reported by the ASD group. Dental treatment and methods for supporting the communication with patients with ASD need to be developed, in order to reduce the negative dental experiences and dental anxiety in people with ASD.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Holy, Marek, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Treatment of Pediatric Atlanto-Occipital Dislocation with Nonfusion Using Muscle-Preserving Temporary Internal Fixation of C0-C2 : Case Series and Technical Note
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Neurological Surgery Reports. - : Georg Thieme Verlag KG. - 2193-6358 .- 2193-6366. ; 84:01, s. E11-E16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Design: Case series with surgical technical note.Objectives: This article reports experiences and results of muscle-preserving temporary C0-C2 fixation for the treatment of atlanto-occipital dislocation (AOD).Methods: AOD is a rare injury caused by high-energy trauma, occurring in less than 1% of pediatric trauma patients. Recommended treatment is C0-C2 fusion which, however, will result in significant loss of mobility in the craniocervical junction (CCJ), especially C1-C2 rotation. An alternative approach, with the ability of preserving mobility in the C1-C2 segment, is a temporary fixation that allows the ligaments to heal, after which the implants can be removed to regain function in the CCJ joints. By using a muscle-preserving approach and navigation for the C2 screws, a relatively atraumatic fixation of the CCJ can be achieved with motion recovery after implant removal.Results: We present two cases of AOD treated with temporary fixation. A 12-year-old boy involved in a frontal car collision, as a strapped back seat passenger, was treated with temporary C0-C2 fixation for 10 months. Follow-up at 11 months after implant removal included clinical evaluation, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and flexion-extension X-rays. He was free of symptoms at follow-up. The CCJ was radiographically stable and he had 45 degrees of C1-C2 rotation.A 7-year-old girl was hit by a car as she got off a bus. She was treated with temporary fixation for 4 months after which the implant was removed. Follow-up at 8 years included clinical evaluation and MRI in rotation. She was free of symptoms. The ligaments of the CCJ appeared normal and her C1-C2 rotation was 30 degrees.Conclusion: C0-C2 fixation without fusion allows the CCJ ligaments to heal in pediatric AOD. By removing the implants after ligament healing, rotation in the C1-C2 segment can be regained without subsequent instability. Both our patients tolerated the treatment well and were free of symptoms at follow-up.By using minimally invasive muscle-preserving technique and navigation, temporary fixation of the CCJ can be achieved with minimal damage to the soft tissues allowing recovery of almost normal function after implant removal.
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| 5. |
- Bazargani, Farhan, 1969
(författare)
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Acute inflammation in peritoneal dialysis. Experimental studies in rats. Characterization of regulatory mechanisms.
- 2005
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. Supplement. - Göteborg : Göteborg University. - 0348-6672. ; 171, s. 1-57
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The predominant problems associated with peritoneal dialysis (PD) are ultrafiltration failure and peritonitis. PD maintains a state of intraperitoneal inflammation that affects the structure and function of the peritoneal membrane, potentially impairing ultrafiltration efficiency. Paradoxically, some PD fluids also have anti-inflammatory properties that may compromise the immune defense against peritonitis. This anti-inflammatory feature is mostly due to the glucose degradation products (GDPs), formed during heat-sterilization and storage of PD fluids. The main purpose of the present thesis was to study regulatory mechanisms behind the acute intraperitoneal inflammatory response in PD in the presence and absence of experimental peritonitis. Rats were exposed to a single dose of heat- or filter sterilized PD fluids either as an i.p. injection or as an infusion through an indwelling catheter, with or without supplementations, or pretreatment of the animals. The dwell fluid was analyzed zero, two and four hours later concerning activation of the complement and coagulation cascades, neutrophil recruitment and respiratory burst, ultrafiltration volumes, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC-1), rat mast cell protease 2 (RMCP-2), glucose, urea and histamine concentrations and ex vivo/in vitro intraperitoneal chemotactic activity.Exposure to filter sterilized PD fluid alone induced intraperitoneal complement activation and coagulation, neutrophil recruitment and increased the levels of CINC-1 during the dwell. Intraperitoneal concentrations of the mast cell markers histamine and RMCP-2 changed little during the dwells and did not indicate mast cell activation. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and C5 blockade improved ultrafiltration. Pretreatment with cobra venom factor, known decomplementing agent, blocked the CINC-1 release and the neutrophil recruitment and improved ultrafiltration. In combination with experimental peritonitis, heat sterilized PD fluid compared to filter sterilized, inhibited the CINC-1 release and the recruitment of neutrophils to the peritoneal cavity without affecting the intraperitoneal complement activation.The results of the present thesis indicate that addition of LMWH to the PD fluid improves ultrafiltration, probably by blocking C5a activity. C5 blockade seems to improve ultrafiltration by a mechanism that involves a reduction in glucose transport, possibly by reducing C5 induced vasodilation. Complement activation is an early step in the acute reaction to PD and probably mediates the downstream events that lead to the recruitment of inflammatory cells to the peritoneal cavity. The cells involved in the release of CINC-1 later in this sequence are probably the mesothelial cells. During experimental peritonitis, heat sterilized PD fluids inhibited the neutrophil respiratory burst response of intraperitoneal neutrophils. Heat sterilized PD fluids also inhibit the recruitment of neutrophils to the peritoneal cavity by a mechanism independent of complement activation but probably depending on cytokine CINC-1 release during peritonitis.
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| 6. |
- Bazargani, Farhan, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Rapid Maxillary Expansion in Therapy-Resistant Enuretic Children : An Orthodontic Perspective
- 2016
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Ingår i: Angle orthodontist. - : The EH Angle Education and Research Foundation Inc. - 0003-3219 .- 1945-7103. ; 86:3, s. 481-486
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate whether rapid maxillary expansion (RME) could reduce the frequency of nocturnal enuresis (NE) in children and whether a placebo effect could be ruled out. Methods: Thirty-four subjects, 29 boys and five girls with mean age of 10.7 +/- 1.8 years suffering from primary NE, were recruited. All subjects were nonresponders to the first-line antienuretic. treatment and therefore were classified as "therapy resistant." To rule out a placebo effect of the RME appliance, all children were first treated with a passive appliance for 4 weeks. Rhinomanometry (RM), acoustic rhinometry (AR), polysomnographic registration, and study casts were made at different time points. Results: One child experienced severe discomfort from the RME appliance and immediately withdrew from the study. Following RME, the long-term cure rate after 1 year was 60%. The RM and AR measurements at baseline and directly after RME showed a significant increase in nasal volume and nasal airflow, and there was a statistically significant correlation between reduction in enuresis and increase in nasal volume. Six months postretention, a 100% relapse of the dental overexpansion could be noted. Conclusions: RME has a curative effect in some children with NE, which could be connected to the positive influence of RME on the sleep architecture. Normal transverse occlusion does not seem to be a contraindication for moderate maxillary expansion in attempts to cure NE in children.
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| 7. |
- Bazargani, Farhan, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Three-dimensional Analysis of Effects of Rapid Maxillary Expansion on Facial Sutures and Bones : A systematic review
- 2013
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Ingår i: Angle orthodontist. - : The EH Angle Education and Research Foundation Inc. - 0003-3219 .- 1945-7103. ; 83:6, s. 1074-1082
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To evaluate the evidence on three-dimensional immediate effects of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) treatment on growing patients as assessed by computed tomography/cone beam computed tomography (CT/CBCT) imaging. Materials and Methods: The published literature was searched through the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library electronic databases from January 1966 to December 2012. The inclusion criteria consisted of randomized controlled trials, prospective controlled studies, and prospective case-series. Two reviewers extracted the data independently and assessed the quality of the studies. Results: The search strategy resulted in 73 abstracts or full-text articles, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria. When treating posterior crossbites with a RME device, the existing evidence points out that the midpalatal suture opening is around 20%-50% of the total screw expansion. There seems to be no consistent evidence on whether the midpalatal sutural opening is parallel or triangular. The effect on the nasal cavity dimensions after RME seems to be apparent and indicates an enlargement between 17% and 33% of the total screw expansion. Circummaxillary sutures, particularly the zygomaticomaxillary and frontomaxillary sutures and also spheno-occipital synchondrosis, appear to be affected by the maxillary expansion. Overall, however, the changes were small and the evidence not conclusive. Conclusions: CT imaging proved to be a useful tool for assessment of treatment effects in all three dimensions. The majority of the articles were judged to be of low quality, and therefore, no evidence-based conclusions could to be drawn from these studies.
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| 8. |
- Dimberg, Lillemor, et al.
(författare)
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The impact of malocclusion on the quality of life among children and adolescents : a systematic review of quantitative studies
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Journal of Orthodontics. - : Oxford University Press. - 0141-5387 .- 1460-2210. ; 37:3, s. 238-247
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Among child and adolescent patients, persistent but untreated malocclusions may or may not have psychological and social impacts on the individual's quality of life. Objectives: To gain knowledge of malocclusions and its impact on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQOL), we conducted a systematic review of quantitative studies for evidence regarding the influence of malocclusions on OHRQOL in children and adolescents. Materials and methods: Five databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, EMBASE, Psychinfo, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Library) were searched using specified indexing terms. The following inclusion criteria were used: child or adolescent study population; healthy study participants without syndromes such as cleft lip/palate or severe illness; no previous or ongoing orthodontic treatment among participants; a focus on malocclusions and quality of life; controlled or subgrouped according to malocclusions/no malocclusions; malocclusions and/or orthodontic treatment need assessed by professionals using standardized measures; self-assessed OHRQOL estimated using validated questionnaire instruments; full-text articles written in English or Scandinavian languages. Quality of evidence was classified according to GRADE guidelines as high, moderate, or low. Results: The search produced 1142 titles and abstracts. Based on pre-established criteria, the full-text versions of 70 articles were obtained, 22 of which satisfied the inclusion criteria. After data extraction and interpretation, six publications were deemed eligible for full inclusion. All six were of cross-sectional design, and the quality of evidence was high in four cases and moderate in the remaining two. The four studies with a high level of quality reported that anterior malocclusion had a negative impact on OHRQOL, and the two with a moderate level of quality reported that increased orthodontic treatment need had a negative impact on OHRQOL. Conclusion: The scientific evidence was considered strong since four studies with high level of quality reported that malocclusions have negative effects on OHRQOL, predominantly in the dimensions of emotional and social wellbeing.
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| 9. |
- Feldmann, Ingalill, et al.
(författare)
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Pain and Discomfort During the First Week of Rapid Maxillary Expansion (RME) Using Two Different RME Appliances : A Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2017
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Ingår i: Angle orthodontist. - : E H Angle Orthodontists Research & Education Foundation, Inc.. - 0003-3219 .- 1945-7103. ; 87:3, s. 391-396
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate and compare perceived pain intensity, discomfort, and jaw function impairment during the first week with tooth-borne or tooth-bone-borne rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliances. Materials and Methods: Fifty-four patients (28 girls and 26 boys) with a mean age of 9.8 years (SD 1.28 years) were randomized into two groups. Group A received a conventional hyrax appliance and group B a hybrid hyrax appliance anchored on mini-implants in the anterior palate. Questionnaires were used to assess pain intensity, discomfort, analgesic consumption, and jaw function impairment on the first and fourth days after RME appliance insertion. Results: Fifty patients answered both questionnaires. Overall median pain on the first day in treatment was 13.0 (range 0-82) and 3.5 (0-78) for groups A and B, respectively, with no significant differences in pain, discomfort, analgesic consumption, or functional jaw impairment between groups. Overall median pain on the fourth day was 9.0 (0-90) and 2.0 (0-71) for groups A and B, respectively, with no significant differences between groups. There were also no significant differences in pain levels within group A, while group B scored significantly lower concerning pain from molars and incisors and tensions from the jaw on day 4 than on the first day in treatment. There was a significant positive correlation between age and pain and discomfort on the fourth day in treatment. No correlations were found between sex and pain and discomfort, analgesic consumption, and jaw function impairment. Conclusions: Both tooth-borne and tooth-bone-borne RME were generally well tolerated by the patients during the first week of treatment.
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| 10. |
- Silva, Ingrid, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery - A two-centered Swedish study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1010-5182 .- 1878-4119. ; 44:8, s. 973-978
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Surgical corrections of dentofacial deformities have both physical and psychological impact on quality of life (QoL). The objectives of the present study were to evaluate the impact of oral health related problems on QoL before and after a combination of orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery. Additionally, the study aimed to identify correlations between different dentofacial patterns and possible improvements due to treatment. Material and methods: In a prospective study, we evaluated fifty patients before start of treatment, 6 weeks and 6 months postoperatively. The questionnaires used were: OHIP-14 (Short Form Oral Health Impact Profile), a condition-specific QOL approach (Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaires; OQLQ) and a social-demographic questionnaire. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement in the OHIP domains from baseline to 6 months follow-up and for the OQLQ the improvement was significant both at 6 weeks and 6 months in relation to the baseline data. Conclusion: Significant improvement of quality of life over time is proved by both OHIP-14 and OQLQ in the present study. Socio-demographic and holistic considerations are important when evaluating treatment outcome after combined orthodontic and orthognatic surgery. However, longer follow-up would be beneficial. (C) 2016 European Association for Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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