| 1. |
- Svärd, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Presence and immunoreactivity of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in rheumatoid arthritis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Pathogens. - : MDPI. - 2076-0817. ; 13:5, s. 368-368
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of periodontal pathogens is associated with an increased prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The systemic antibody response to epitopes of these bacteria is often used asa proxy to study correlations between bacteria and RA. The primary aim of the present study is toexamine the correlation between the presence of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) in theoral cavity and serum antibodies against the leukotoxin (LtxA) produced by this bacterium. Thesalivary presence of Aa was analyzed with quantitative PCR and serum LtxA ab in a cell culturebased neutralization assay. The analyses were performed on samples from a well-characterized RAcohort (n = 189) and a reference population of blood donors (n = 101). Salivary Aa was present in15% of the RA patients and 6% of the blood donors. LtxA ab were detected in 19% of RA-sera andin 16% of sera from blood donors. The correlation between salivary Aa and serum LtxA ab wassurprisingly low (rho = 0.55 [95% CI: 0.40, 0.68]). The presence of salivary Aa showed no significantassociation with any of the RA-associated parameters documented in the cohort. A limitation of thepresent study is the relatively low number of individuals with detectable concentrations of Aa insaliva. Moreover, in the comparison of detectable Aa prevalence between RA patients and blooddonors, we assumed that the two groups were equivalent in other Aa prognostic factors. These limitations must be taken into consideration when the result from the study is interpreted. We concludethat a systemic immune response to Aa LtxA does not fully reflect the prevalence of Aa in saliva. Inaddition, the association between RA-associated parameters and the presence of Aa was negligiblein the present RA cohort.
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| 2. |
- Carlsson, Gunnar E, 1930, et al.
(författare)
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Is there a trend of decreasing prevalence of TMD-related symptoms with ageing among the elderly?
- 2014
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Ingår i: Acta Odontologica Scandinavica. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0001-6357 .- 1502-3850. ; 72:8, s. 714-720
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Older adults have not been studied as much as younger ones regarding prevalence of TMD-related symptoms. The aim was to assess the prevalence of TMD-related symptoms in two population samples, 70 and 80 years old.Materials and methods: Identical questionnaires were in 2012 sent to all subjects born in 1932 and 1942 living in two Swedish counties. The response rate was 70.1%, resulting in samples of 5697 70-and 2922 80-year-old subjects. The questionnaire comprised 53 questions. Answers to questions on problems regarding TMD-related symptoms and awareness of bruxism were analysed.Results: Twelve per cent of the women and 7% of the men in the 70-year-old group reported some, rather great or severe problems regarding TMD pain. In the 80-year-olds the prevalence was 8% and 7%, respectively. Subjects who had problems with TMJ sounds reported difficulty to open the jaw wide 6-times and TMJ pain 10-13-times more frequently than subjects without such problems. Changes of taste and awareness of bruxism were the only variables significantly associated with TMD symptoms in both age groups. Number of teeth was not significantly associated with any of the TMD-related symptoms.Conclusions: Most of the elderly subjects had no severe problems with TMD-related symptoms, but 12% of the 70-year-old women reported some, rather great or severe problems. The marked gender difference at age 70 had disappeared in the 80-year-old group. The prevalence was lower among the 80-compared with the 70-year-old subjects of both sexes. The results support the comorbidity between TMD-related symptoms and general health problems.
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| 3. |
- Sayardoust, Shariel, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Do Probiotics Cause a Shift in the Microbiota of Dental Implants-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2235-2988. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveThe primary aim of this current systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the potential microbiological effect of probiotics on the implant microbiota. The secondary aim was to evaluate if probiotics have any effect as an adjunct to non-surgical peri-implant treatment in reducing peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis clinical parameters-bleeding on probing, modified Gingival Index, and pocket depth. MethodsThe research focus questions were constructed in accordance with the Participants, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO) criteria, and a PROSPERO protocol was registered. A comprehensive systematic search in MEDLINE via the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science Core Collection databases was conducted. Two independent reviewers screened the reports based on the PICO criteria-inclusion and exclusion criteria. ResultsIn total, 467 records were identified, and ultimately, 7 papers were included: 3 papers in the qualitative synthesis of microbiological effect and 4 in the meta-analysis synthesis on pocket depth. The data synthesis showed that probiotics had no detectable effect on the implant microflora, and in the following data synthesis, no clinical peri-implantitis variable showed a significantly beneficial effect from probiotics in the test group compared to the control group. ConclusionWithin the limitations of this review, the oral implant microflora is not affected by probiotics nor do probiotics add any effect to the conventional non-surgical treatment of peri-implant mucositis and peri-implantitis.
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| 4. |
- Ström, Dan, et al.
(författare)
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Management of tinnitus and jaw-muscle tenderness using an intraoral appliance and acupuncture.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 37, s. 105-110
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Associations between signs and symptoms from the masticatory system and tinnitus have been reported. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of intraoral splint therapy and acupuncture on jaw-muscle tenderness and tinnitus. The study comprised 45 patients (24 men, 21 women; mean age 48 ±12 years) with long standing tinnitus (duration 6.5 ±5.9 years), referred from the audiology department at the University hospital in Örebro, Sweden. A complete audiological survey was performed before referral. Jaw muscles were palpated and the subjective tinnitus evaluated on a 100 mm scale (VAS) at baseline and after one year. All patients received stabilization (Michigan type) splints at start of treatment. After 6 months, non-responders (n=25) were subjected to acupuncture (6 sessions with duration of 30 minutes). Standard statistical methods were used. All patients had tender jaw muscles at palpation. Patients reported a significant decrease of the intensity of tinnitus during the observation period (from 78±20 mm to 52±24 mm after one year; P < 0.001). Only 6 (13 %) of the 45 patients did not report any improvement of their tinnitus. The number of jaw muscles tender to palpation also decreased significantly from 7.9±5.9 to 4.6±5.3; (P < 0.001). In conclusion, all 45 patients with tinnitus had tender jaw muscles. Intraoral splint therapy and acupuncture had a favorable effect on tinnitus and the jaw muscle symptoms. One year after the start of treatment, all but 6 of the 45 patients reported improvement of their tinnitus. Based on the results it is suggested that many tinnitus patients with jaw muscle tenderness can benefit from a treatment including intraoral splint and acupuncture.
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| 5. |
- Belibasakis, Georgios N., et al.
(författare)
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Periodontal microbiology and microbial etiology of periodontal diseases : Historical concepts and contemporary perspectives
- 2023
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Ingår i: Periodontology 2000. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0906-6713 .- 1600-0757.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This narrative review summarizes the collective knowledge on periodontal microbiology, through a historical timeline that highlights the European contribution in the global field. The etiological concepts on periodontal disease culminate to the ecological plaque hypothesis and its dysbiosis-centered interpretation. Reference is made to anerobic microbiology and to the discovery of select periodontal pathogens and their virulence factors, as well as to biofilms. The evolution of contemporary molecular methods and high-throughput platforms is highlighted in appreciating the breadth and depth of the periodontal microbiome. Finally clinical microbiology is brought into perspective with the contribution of different microbial species in periodontal diagnosis, the combination of microbial and host biomarkers for this purpose, and the use of antimicrobials in the treatment of the disease.
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| 6. |
- Claesson, Rolf, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical laboratory diagnostics in dentistry : application of microbiological methods
- 2022
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Oral Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-4842. ; 3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diagnosis and treatment in dentistry are based on clinical examination of thepatients. Given that the major oral diseases are of microbial biofilm etiology,it can be expected that performing microbiological analysis on samplescollected from the patient could deliver supportive evidence to facilitate thedecision-making process by the clinician. Applicable microbiological methodsrange from microscopy, to culture, to molecular techniques, which can beperformed easily within dedicated laboratories proximal to the clinics, such asones in academic dental institutions. Periodontal and endodontic infections,along with odontogenic abscesses, have been identified as conditions in whichapplied clinical microbiology may be beneficial for the patient. Administrationof antimicrobial agents, backed by microbiological analysis, can yield morepredictable treatment outcomes in refractory or early-occurring forms ofperiodontitis. Confirming a sterile root canal using a culture-negative sampleduring endodontic treatment may ensure the longevity of its outcomeand prevent secondary infections. Susceptibility testing of samples obtainedfrom odontogenic abscesses may facilitate the selection of the appropriateantimicrobial treatment to prevent further spread of the infection.
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| 7. |
- Eliasson, Alf, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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A 5-year prospective clinical study of submerged and nonsubmerged Paragon system implants in the edentulous mandible.
- 2010
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Ingår i: The International journal of prosthodontics. - : Quintessence. - 0893-2174 .- 1139-9791. ; 23:3, s. 231-8
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the clinical outcome of two different surgical protocols in the edentulous mandible: submerged and nonsubmerged. Further, the Paragon dental implant with a titanium plasma-sprayed surface was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine consecutively treated patients with 168 implants supporting fixed prostheses were included. All but 3 patients were provided 6 implants, placed via nonsubmerged healing on one side and submerged healing on the other. Data were collected from patient records and radiographs. Twenty-four patients participated in the 5-year clinical follow-up examination. RESULTS: After 5 years, all patients still had their mandibular fixed prostheses in function. Cumulative survival rates were 100% for prostheses and 99.4% for implants. However, 3 implants fractured in 1 patient. One submerged implant was lost before loading but no further implants were lost during follow-up. The radiographic bone loss was small for all implants with a mean of 0.14 mm (standard deviation [SD]: 0.37) at 1 year and 0.42 mm (SD: 0.48) at 5 years for nonsubmerged implants and 0.17 mm (SD: 0.32) at 1 year and 0.51 mm (SD: 0.33) at 5 years for submerged implants. Nineteen implants (including the 3 that fractured) presented annual bone loss exceeding 0.2 mm after the first year, yielding a cumulative success rate of 86.2% after 5 years. CONCLUSION: Single-stage surgery was shown to have the same predictability as two-stage surgery in the anterior edentulous mandible. Paragon implants with a titanium plasma-sprayed surface showed a fracture rate of 2.2% and a success rate of 86.2% after 5 years.
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| 8. |
- Haubek, Dorte, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of JP2 and Non-JP2 Genotypes of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Oral Hygiene Practice of Kenyan Adolescents in Maasai Mara
- 2021
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Ingår i: Pathogens. - : MDPI. - 2076-0817. ; 10:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is implicated in the etiology of periodontitis that affects adolescents. The monitoring and mapping of the geographic dissemination pattern of JP2 and non-JP2 genotypes of A. actinomycetemcomitans are of interest. In Africa, the highly leukotoxic JP2 genotype is known to be prevalent, particularly in north-west Africa. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of JP2 and non-JP2 genotypes and investigate the oral hygiene practices among adolescents living in Maasai Mara, Kenya. A total of 284 adolescents (mean age: 15.0 yrs; SD 1.1) were interviewed regarding their age, gender, medical history, and oral hygiene practice, and the number of teeth present was recorded. One subgingival pooled plaque sample from all the first molars of each participant was analyzed by conventional PCR. The mean number of permanent teeth present was 27.9 (SD: 2.0; range: 22-32; 95% CI: 27.7-28.1). Sixteen (5.6%) and two (0.7%) adolescents were positive for non-JP2 and JP2 genotypes, respectively. For the vast majority of the adolescents, the use of a toothbrush (99.3%) and toothpaste (80.1%), as well as some kind of toothpick (>60.2%), were part of their oral hygiene practice, with dental floss (0.4%) and/or mouth rinses (0.4%) rarely being used. We have, for the first time, identified Kenyan adolescents colonized with the JP2 genotype. The prevalence of the JP2 genotype of A. actinomycetemcomitans is low, a possible indicator that it spreading through human migration from North and West Africa to East Africa is a rare occasion.
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| 9. |
- Johansson, Anders, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial virulence factors that contributes to periodontal disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: Pathogenesis of periodontal disease. - Cham : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 9783319537375 - 9783319537351 ; , s. 31-49
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter, the role of different microbial virulence factors in relation to the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases is addressed. These factors are molecules produced by pathogens and contribute to their pathogenicity by promoting colonization and affecting host response. The importance of different virulence factors in the life of the oral biofilm and the interplay with the host’s response is exemplified here by two of the major, and most well studied, periodontal pathogens, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. Both of these microbes have great genetic intraspecies diversity and express a number of different virulence factors, which have the capacity to cause imbalance in the host’s response. A. actinomycetemcomitans is the major pathogen in aggressive forms of periodontitis (Fig. 4.1) that affect young individuals, while P. gingivalis is frequently detected in periodontal pockets of individuals with the chronic forms of the disease (Fig. 4.2). However, the role of these two bacteria in periodontal breakdown is still not entirely clear.
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| 10. |
- Johansson, Ann-Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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Eating disorders and oral health : a matched case-control study
- 2012
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oral Sciences. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 120:1, s. 61-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to compare the oral health status of patients with eating disorders (EDs), with sex-and age-matched controls, with a view to identify self-reported and clinical parameters that might alert the dental healthcare professional to the possibility of EDs. All patients who entered outpatient treatment in an ED clinic during a 12-month period were invited to participate. Of 65 ED patients who started psychiatric/medical treatment, 54 agreed to participate. Eating disorder patients and controls answered a questionnaire and underwent dental clinical examinations. Multivariate analysis identified significantly higher ORs for ED patients to present dental problems (OR = 4.1), burning tongue (OR = 14.2), dry/cracked lips (OR = 9.6), dental erosion (OR = 8.5), and less gingival bleeding (OR = 1.1) compared with healthy controls. Sensitivity and specificity for the correct classification of ED patients and controls using the five variables was 83% and 79%, respectively. The ED patients with vomiting/binge eating behaviors reported worse perceived oral health (OR = 6.0) and had more dental erosion (OR = 5.5) than those without such behavior. In ED patients with longer duration of the disease, dental erosion was significantly more common. In conclusion, oral health problems frequently affect ED patients, and this needs to be considered in patient assessment and treatment decisions.
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