| 1. |
- Helleberg, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Anatomical variants of the acromioclavicular joint influence its visibility in the standard MRI protocol in patients aged 18–31years
- 2022
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Ingår i: Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-1038 .- 1279-8517. ; 44, s. 951-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Visualization of a structure in orthogonal planes is essential for correct radiological assessment. The aim was to assess the utility of the standard MRI protocol for the shoulder in the assessment of the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ). Methods: A total of 204 MRI scans of the shoulder were re-reviewed. Visibility of the ACJ in orthogonal planes was assessed, and the type of acromion and the angle between the ACJ and the glenoid cavity were assessed by two observers. Results: Agreement in the assessment of ACJ visibility was moderate to substantial. The ACJ was visible in the three anatomical views in 48% (confidence interval [CI] 95% = [41–54%]) of the examinations, and no significant difference regarding gender or age was noticed. The mean angle between the ACJ and the glenoid cavity was 41.12deg. CI95% = (39.72, 42.53) in the axial plane, 33.39deg. CI95% = (31.33, 35.45) in the coronal plane and 52.49deg. CI95% = (50.10, 54.86) in the sagittal plane. When the ACJ was visible in the sagittal and axial planes, significant differences were noticed in the remaining planes (p <.05). Conclusion: Anatomical variations of the ACJ influence its visibility in the standard MRI protocol for examining the shoulder, making this protocol insufficient for ACJ assessment in the examined population.
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| 2. |
- Kvist, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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A cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging study of factors influencing growth plate closure in adolescents and young adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 110:4, s. 1249-1256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To assess growth plate fusion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and evaluate the correlation with sex, age, pubertal development, physical activity and BMI. Methods Wrist, knee and ankle of 958 healthy subjects aged 14.0-21.5 years old were examined using MRI and graded by two radiologists. Correlations of growth plate fusion score with age, pubertal development, physical activity and BMI were assessed. Results Complete growth plate fusion occurred in 75%, 85%, 97%, 98%, 98% and 90%, 97%, 95%, 97%, 98% (radius, femur, proximal- and distal tibia and calcaneus) in 17-year-old females and 19-year-old males, respectively. Complete fusion occurs approximately 2 years earlier in girls than in boys. Pubertal development correlated with growth plate fusion score (rho = 0.514-0.598 for the different growth plate sites) but regular physical activity did not. BMI also correlated with growth plate fusion (rho = 0.186-0.384). Stratified logistic regression showed increased odds ratio (OR F: 2.65-8.71; M: 1.71-4.03) for growth plate fusion of obese or overweight subects versus normal-weight subjects. Inter-observer agreement was high (Kappa = 0.87-0.94). Conclusion Growth plate fusion can be assessed by MRI; occurs in an ascending order, from the foot to the wrist; and is significantly influenced by sex, pubertal development and BMI, but not by physical activity.
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| 3. |
- Ristl, Robin, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing maximum diameter and volume when assessing the growth of small abdominal aortic aneurysms using longitudinal CTA data : cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Surgery. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1743-9191 .- 1743-9159. ; 109:8, s. 2249-2257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Monitoring of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) is currently based on serial measurements of maximum aortic diameter. Additional assessment of aneurysm volume has previously been proposed to possibly improve growth prediction and treatment decisions. To evaluate the use of supplementing volume measurements, the authors aimed to characterise the growth distribution of AAA volume and to compare the growth rates of the maximum diameter and volume at the patient level.Methods: Maximum diameter and volume were monitored every 6 months in 84 patients with small AAAs, with a total of 331 computed tomographic angiographies (with initial maximum diameters of 30-68 mm). A previously developed statistical growth model for AAAs was applied to assess the growth distribution of volume and to compare individual growth rates for volume and for maximum diameter.Results: The median (25-75% quantile) expansion in volume was 13.4 (6.5-24.7) % per year. Cube root transformed volume and maximum diameter showed a closely linear association with a within-subject correlation of 0.77. At the surgery threshold maximum diameter of 55 mm, the median (25-75% quantile) volume was 132 (103-167) ml. In 39% of subjects, growth rates for volume and maximum diameter were equivalent, in 33% growth was faster in volume and in 27% growth was faster in maximum diameter.Conclusion: At the population level, volume and maximum diameter show a substantial association such that the average volume is approximately proportional to the average maximum diameter raised to a power of three. At the individual level, however, in the majority of patient's AAAs grow at different pace in different dimensions. Hence, closer monitoring of aneurysms with sub-critical diameter but suspicious morphology may benefit from complementing maximum diameter by volume or related measurements.
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| 4. |
- Szaro, Pavel, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Morphometric relationships between dimensions the anterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament in routine magnetic resonance imaging
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2197-1153. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that routine MRI ankle can be used to evaluate dimensions and correlations between dimensions of single and double fascicular variants of the ATFL and the CFL. Methods: We reviewed ankle MRIs for 251 patients. Differences between the length, thickness, width, and length of the bony attachments were evaluated twice. P <.05 was considered as significant. Results: For the ATFL, we observed a negative correlation between thickness and width, with a positive correlation between thickness and length (p < 0.001). The average values for the ATFL were thickness, 2.2 ± 0.05 mm; length, 21.5 ± 0.5 mm; and width, 7.6 ± 0.6 mm. The average values for the CFL were thickness, 2.1 ± 0.04 mm; length, 27.5 ± 0.5 mm; and width, 5.6 ± 0.3 mm. A negative correlation was found between length and width for the CFL (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Routine MRI showed that most dimensions of the ATFL and CFL correlate with each other, which should be considered when planning new reconstruction techniques and developing a virtual biomechanical model of the human foot. Level of evidence: III.
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| 5. |
- Bergknut, Niklas, et al.
(författare)
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Intervertebral disc disease in dogs - Part 1: A new histological grading scheme for classification of intervertebral disc degeneration in dogs
- 2013
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Ingår i: Veterinary Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1090-0233 .- 1532-2971. ; 195, s. 156-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Three independent observers evaluated 35 IVDs at different stages of degeneration using the scheme. Glycosaminoglycan contents of the nucleus pulposus and macroscopic grading according to Thompson, which are considered 'gold standards' for IVD degeneration, were used to validate the scheme. Reproducibility was assessed by analysing the inter-observer reliability of all individual variables of the grading scheme, using a weighted kappa analysis. Significant correlations were found between Thompson grading and total histological score (r = 0.94; P < 0.01) and between glycosaminoglycan content and total histological score (r = -0.72; P < 0.01). Most individual histological variables showed 'moderate' to 'almost perfect' inter-observer reliability. The high correlation with the gold standards in combination with the high reproducibility indicates that the proposed histological grading scheme is reliable and objective for classification of IVD degeneration in both chondrodystrophic and non-chondrodystrophic dog breeds. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
- Ley, Charles, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of early osteoarthritis in the centrodistal joints of Icelandic horses: Evaluation of radiography and low-field magnetic resonance imaging
- 2016
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Ingår i: Equine Veterinary Journal. - : Wiley. - 0425-1644 .- 2042-3306. ; 48, s. 57-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reasons for performing studyValidated noninvasive detection methods for early osteoarthritis (OA) are required for OA prevention and early intervention treatment strategies.ObjectivesTo evaluate radiography and low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of early stage OA osteochondral lesions in equine centrodistal joints using microscopy as the reference standard.Study designProspective imaging of live horses and imaging and microscopy of cadaver tarsal joints.MethodsCentrodistal (distal intertarsal) joints of 38 Icelandic research horses aged 27-29 months were radiographed. Horses were subjected to euthanasia approximately 2 months later and cadaver joints examined with low-field MRI. Osteochondral joint specimens were classified as negative or positive for OA using light microscopy histology or scanning electron microscopy. Radiographs and MRIs were evaluated for osteochondral lesions and results compared with microscopy.ResultsForty-two joints were classified OA positive with microscopy. Associations were detected between microscopic OA and the radiography lesion categories; mineralisation front defect (P<0.0001), joint margin lesion (P<0.0001), central osteophyte (P = 0.03) and the low-field MRI lesion categories; mineralisation front defect (P = 0.01), joint margin lesion (P = 0.02) and articular cartilage lesion (P = 0.0003). The most frequent lesion category detected in microscopic OA positive joints was the mineralisation front defect in radiographs (28/42 OA positive joints, specificity 97%, sensitivity 67%). No significant differences were detected between the sensitivity and specificity of radiography and low-field MRI pooled lesion categories, but radiography was often superior when individual lesion categories were compared.ConclusionsEarly stage centrodistal joint OA changes may be detected with radiography and low-field MRI. Detection of mineralisation front defects in radiographs may be a useful screening method for detection of early OA in centrodistal joints of young Icelandic horses.
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| 7. |
- Szaro, Pawel, 1981
(författare)
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Musculoskeletal Radiology for Residents Self-Assessment Questions
- 2022
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- About this book This book allows residents and specialists in radiology to assess knowledge about musculoskeletal radiology. Most of the book's questions, stemming from the author’s experience of teaching residents in radiology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden, are very practical and often based on differential diagnosis, which is crucial in musculoskeletal radiology. Problem-based learning is useful in deep learning and allows a better understanding of pathological processes in the bones, joints, tendons, and muscles. The questions focus on clinical problems encountered during radiological examinations like MRI (the most fascinating and difficult one for residents), CT, ultrasound, or x-rays, and are intended to stimulate the daily evaluation of examinations. The book, enriched by videos as electronic supplementary material, is written for practitioners who evaluate examinations in musculoskeletal radiology. The information contained in the book is up-to-date and consistent with the results of the current scientific researches, which can be found under the answer to each question in the form of a concise summary. The current proposal will fill a gap in the radiological literature in comprehensive self-assessment of musculoskeletal radiology and can be used by residents and young specialists.
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| 8. |
- Szaro, Pavel, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The correlations between dimensions of the normal tendon and tendinopathy changed Achilles tendon in routine magnetic resonance imaging.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This comparative study aimed to investigate how tendinopathy-related lesions change correlations in the dimensions of the Achilles tendon. Our experimental group included 74 patients. The mean age was 52.9±10.4years. The control group included 81 patients with amean age was 35.2±13.6years, p<.001. The most significant difference in correlation wasthe thickness of the tendon and the midportion's width, which was more significant in the tendinopathy (r=.49 vs. r=.01, p<.001). The correlation was positivebetween width and length of the insertion butnegative in normal tendons (r=.21 vs. r=-.23, p<.001). The correlation wasbetween the midportions width in tendinopathy and the tendon's length butnegative in the normal tendon (r=.16 vs. r=-.23, p<.001). The average thickness of the midportion in tendinopathy was 11.2±3.3mm, and4.9±0.5mmin the control group, p<.001. The average width of the midportion and insertion was more extensive in the experimental group, 17.2±3.1mm vs. 14.7±1.8mm for the midportion and 31.0±3.9mm vs. 25.7±3.0mm for insertion, respectively, p<.001. The tendon's average length was longer in tendinopathy (83.5±19.3mm vs. 61.5±14.4mm, p<.001). The dimensions correlations in normal Achilles tendon and tendinopathic tendon differ significantly.
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| 9. |
- Szaro, Pavel, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The Flexor Retinaculum Connects the Surrounding Structures into the Medial Ankle Complex
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-3417. ; 10:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to prove the hypothesis that the medial structures of the ankle are interconnected through the flexor retinaculum’s projections. We conducted a retrospective re-evaluation of 132 MRI examinations of the ankle joint from 57 females and 75 males with an age range of 18–65 and a mean age of 35 years. The correlation between the presence of connections between the flexor retinaculum and the deltoid ligament, the spring ligament, the inferior extensor retinaculum, the paratenon, the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament, the fascia covering the abductor hallucis, and the flexor fibrous sheath were studied. The most common connections of the flexor retinaculum were to the deltoid ligament (97%), the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament (84.1%), and the flexor fibrous sheath (83.3%). Interconnection between the flexor retinaculum and the deltoid ligament correlated with the presence of connections between the flexor retinaculum and the inferior extensor retinaculum, the paratenon, and the spring ligament. Side difference was noticed in connections to the flexor fibrous sheath, the deltoid ligament, the fascia on the abductor hallucis, and the paratenon (p < 0.05). The flexor retinaculum formed a more complex anatomical unit with adjacent structures.
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| 10. |
- Ley, Charles, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of osteochondral sample collection guided by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging for early detection of osteoarthritis in centrodistal joints of young icelandic horses
- 2013
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Ingår i: Veterinary Radiology and Ultrasound. - 1058-8183 .- 1740-8261. ; 55, s. 1-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Introduction: Histologic examination with light microscopy is considered the reference standard to detect osteoarthritis (OA) in its earliest stages1, 2. In early OA, articular cartilage changes develop in focal and specific regions of the affected joint3 but the locations of these regions in specific joints and species are uncertain and are likely to vary among individuals. When osteochondral samples are collected from predetermined anatomic sites for histologic examination of joints early in the disease process, then it is possible that OA will fail to be detected because the associated lesions may not be included in the collection site. This study evaluates a method for computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided osteochondral sample collection for the detection of early stage OA lesions in joints from young Icelandic horses. Materials and Methods: CT and MRI were semiquanitatively graded to evaluate the extent of suspected OA changes in right centrodistal joints from the cadavers of 24 Icelandic horses aged 29 to 31 months. The anatomic regions with the highest grade of change were identified, and osteochondral samples were obtained from these regions. Samples were also obtained from the same centrodistal joints at predetermined sites. Histologic examination of all samples was performed, with samples classified as negative or positive for OA, and results were compared between sample collection method. Results: Histologic examination revealed OA lesions in 29% (7/24) of centrodistal joints with predetermined method and in 62% (15/24) with the image-guided method. Significant associations were detected between histologic OA and the summed image-guided sample collection site image grades, central osteophytes, articular cartilage thickness abnormalities, grade-2 articular mineralisation front defects, and grade-2 marginal osteophytes. Discussion/Conclusion:An image-guided sample collection method is recommended when histologic examination will be used as the reference standard for the detection of early-stage OA in centrodistal joints of horses. CT and MRI aided the detection of focal changes suggestive of early stage OA in the centrodistal joints of equine cadavers and may be useful for detection of similar disease in live horses. The first morphological changes of centrodistal joint OA are suspected to be in the articular cartilage and the articular mineralisation front regions.
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