| 1. |
- Ahlander, Britt-Marie, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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An echo-planar imaging sequence is superior to a steady-state free precession sequence for visual as well as quantitative assessment of cardiac magnetic resonance stress perfusion
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 37:1, s. 52-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To assess myocardial perfusion, steady-state free precession cardiac magnetic resonance (SSFP, CMR) was compared with gradient-echo-echo-planar imaging (GRE-EPI) using myocardial perfusion scintigraphy (MPS) as reference.METHODS: Cardiac magnetic resonance perfusion was recorded in 30 patients with SSFP and in another 30 patients with GRE-EPI. Timing and extent of inflow delay to the myocardium was visually assessed. Signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR) ratios were calculated. Myocardial scar was visualized with a phase-sensitive inversion recovery sequence (PSIR). All scar positive segments were considered pathologic. In MPS, stress and rest images were used as in clinical reporting. The CMR contrast wash-in slope was calculated and compared with the stress score from the MPS examination. CMR scar, CMR perfusion and MPS were assessed separately by one expert for each method who was blinded to other aspects of the study.RESULTS: Visual assessment of CMR had a sensitivity for the detection of an abnormal MPS at 78% (SSFP) versus 91% (GRE-EPI) and a specificity of 58% (SSFP) versus 84% (GRE-EPI). Kappa statistics for SSFP and MPS was 0·29, for GRE-EPI and MPS 0·72. The ANOVA of CMR perfusion slopes for all segments versus MPS score (four levels based on MPS) had correlation r = 0·64 (SSFP) and r = 0·96 (GRE-EPI). SNR was for normal segments 35·63 ± 11·80 (SSFP) and 17·98 ± 8·31 (GRE-EPI), while CNR was 28·79 ± 10·43 (SSFP) and 13·06 ± 7·61 (GRE-EPI).CONCLUSION: GRE-EPI displayed higher agreement with the MPS results than SSFP despite significantly lower signal intensity, SNR and CNR.
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| 2. |
- Björkman, Berit, et al.
(författare)
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Plausible scenarios for the radiography profession in Sweden in 2025
- 2017
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Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 23:4, s. 314-320
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Radiography is a healthcare speciality with many technical challenges. Advances in engineering and information technology applications may continue to drive and be driven by radiographers. The world of diagnostic imaging is changing rapidly and radiographers must be proactive in order to survive. To ensure sustainable development, organisations have to identify future opportunities and threats in a timely manner and incorporate them into their strategic planning. Hence, the aim of this study was to analyse and describe plausible scenarios for the radiography profession in 2025.Method: The study has a qualitative design with an inductive approach based on focus group interviews. The interviews were inspired by the Scenario-Planning method.Results: Of the seven trends identified in a previous study, the radiographers considered two as the most uncertain scenarios that would have the greatest impact on the profession should they occur. These trends, labelled "Access to career advancement" and "A sufficient number of radiographers", were inserted into the scenario cross. The resulting four plausible future scenarios were: The happy radiographer, the specialist radiographer, the dying profession and the assembly line.Conclusion: It is suggested that "The dying profession" scenario could probably be turned in the opposite direction by facilitating career development opportunities for radiographers within the profession. Changing the direction would probably lead to a profession composed of "happy radiographers" who are specialists, proud of their profession and competent to carry out advanced tasks, in contrast to being solely occupied by "the assembly line".
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| 3. |
- Debasso, Rachel, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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The popliteal artery, an unusual muscular artery with wall properties similar to the aorta : Implications for susceptibility to aneurysm formation?
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Vascular Surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 0741-5214 .- 1097-6809. ; 39:4, s. 836-842
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The popliteal artery is, after the aorta, the most common site for aneurysm formation. Why the popliteal artery is more susceptible than other peripheral muscular arteries is unknown. An important factor may be differences in arterial wall composition as compared with other peripheral muscular arteries, which in turn affect wall properties. These are however unknown. We studied the mechanical wall properties of the popliteal artery in healthy subjects. Material and Methods: An ultrasound echo-tracking system was used to measure pulsatile changes in popliteal diameter in 108 healthy subjects (56 female, 52 male, age range, 9-82 years). In combination with blood pressure, stiffness (β), strain, cross-sectional artery wall compliance coefficient (CC), and distensibility coefficient (DC) were calculated. Intima-media thickness (IMT) was registered with a Philips P700 ultrasound scanner. Results: The popliteal diameter increased with age, and was larger in male subjects than in female subjects (P < .001). Fractional diameter change (strain) decreased with age (P < .001), and strain values were lower in male subjects than in female subjects (P < .01). Accordingly, stiffness increased with age (P < .001), with higher stiffness values in male subjects (P < .01). DC decreased with age (P < .001), with lower DC values in male subjects (P < .01). CC decreased with age, with no difference between genders (P < .001). IMT increased with age (P < .001), with higher IMT values in male subjects (P < .001). The increase in IMT did not affect distensibility. Conclusion: The wall properties of the popliteal artery are affected by age and gender, not only with an increase in diameter, but also with an age-related decrease in distensibility, with male subjects having lower distensibility than in female subjects. This seems not to be the behavior of a true muscular artery, but of a central elastic artery, such as the aorta, and might have implications for susceptibility to arterial dilatation, as well as the association of aneurysm formation between the aorta and the popliteal artery.
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| 4. |
- Flygare, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis involving both jaws : report of a case including magnetic resonance correlation
- 1997
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Ingår i: Oral surgery, oral medicine, oral pathology, oral radiology, and endodontics. - : Elsevier. - 1079-2104 .- 1528-395X. ; 83:2, s. 300-305
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A case of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis in a 14-year-old girl is presented. The disease had an initial aggressive osteolytic appearance involving both the maxilla and the mandible. Conservative treatment with minimal surgical intervention has been successful in this case during a 2-year follow-up period. The value of magnetic resonance imaging and bone scintigraphy in this case and the cause of chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis is discussed.
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| 5. |
- Rosendahl, Lene, 1963-, et al.
(författare)
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Computer-assisted calculation of myocardial infarct size shortens the evaluation time of contrast-enhanced cardiac MRI
- 2008
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 28:1, s. 1-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging depicts scar in the left ventricle which can be quantitatively measured. Manual segmentation and scar determination is time consuming. The purpose of this study was to evaluate a software for infarct quantification, to compare with manual scar determination, and to measure the time saved.Methods: Delayed enhancement magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 40 patients where myocardial perfusion single photon emission computed tomography imaging showed irreversible uptake reduction suggesting a myocardial scar. After segmentation, the semi-automatic software was applied. A scar area was displayed, which could be corrected and compared with manual delineation. The different time steps were recorded with both methods.Results: The software shortened the average evaluation time by 12.4min per cardiac exam, compared with manual delineation. There was good correlation of myocardial volume, infarct volume and infarct percentage (%) between the two methods, r = 0.95, r = 0.92 and r = 0.91 respectively.Conclusions: A computer software for myocardial volume and infarct size determination cut the evaluation time by more than 50% compared with manual assessment, with maintained clinical accuracy.
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| 6. |
- Rosendahl, Lene, et al.
(författare)
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Image quality and myocardial scar size determined with magnetic resonance imaging in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation : A comparison of two imaging protocols
- 2010
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Ingår i: Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1475-0961 .- 1475-097X. ; 30:2, s. 122-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the heart generally requires breath holding and a regular rhythm. Single shot 2D steady-state free precession (SS_SSFP) is a fast sequence insensitive to arrhythmia as well as breath holding. Our purpose was to determine image quality, signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR) ratios and infarct size with a fast single shot and a standard segmented MRI sequence in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation and chronic myocardial infarction.Methods: Twenty patients with chronic myocardial infarction and ongoing atrial fibrillation were examined with inversion recovery SS_SSFP and segmented inversion recovery 2D fast gradient echo (IR_FGRE). Image quality was assessed in four categories: delineation of infarcted and non-infarcted myocardium, occurrence of artefacts and overall image quality. SNR and CNR were calculated. Myocardial volume (ml) and infarct size, expressed as volume (ml) and extent (%), were calculated, and the methodological error was assessed.Results: SS_SSFP had significantly better quality scores in all categories (P = 0·037, P = 0·014, P = 0·021, P = 0·03). SNRinfarct and SNRblood were significantly better for IR_FGRE than for SS_SSFP (P = 0·048, P = 0·018). No significant difference was found in SNRmyocardium and CNR. The myocardial volume was significantly larger with SS_SSFP (170·7 versus 159·2 ml, P<0·001), but no significant difference was found in infarct volume and infarct extent.Conclusion: SS_SSFP displayed significantly better image quality than IR_FGRE. The infarct size and the error in its determination were equal for both sequences, and the examination time was shorter with SS_SSFP.
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| 7. |
- Grynne, A., et al.
(författare)
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Women's experience of the health information process involving a digital information tool before commencing radiation therapy for breast cancer : a deductive interview study
- 2023
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Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1472-6963. ; 23:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Individuals undergoing radiation therapy for breast cancer frequently request information before, throughout and after the treatment as a means to reduce distress. Nevertheless, the provision of information to meet individuals needs from their level of health literacy is often overlooked. Thus, individuals information needs are often unmet, leading to reports of discontent. Internet and digital information technology has significantly augmented the available information and changed the way in which persons accesses and comprehends information. As health information is no longer explicitly obtained from healthcare professionals, it is essential to examine the sequences of the health information process in general, and in relation to health literacy. This paper reports on qualitative interviews, targeting women diagnosed with breast cancer who were given access to a health information technology tool, Digi-Do, before commencing radiation therapy, during, and after treatment. METHODS: A qualitative research design, inspired by the integrated health literacy model, was chosen to enable critical reflection by the participating women. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 women with access to a digital information tool, named Digi-Do, in addition to receiving standard information (oral and written) before commencing radiation therapy, during, and after treatment. A deductive thematic analysis process was conducted. RESULTS: The results demonstrate how knowledge, competence, and motivation influence women's experience of the health information process. Three main themes were found: Meeting interactive and personal needs by engaging with health information; Critical recognition of sources of information; and Capability to communicate comprehended health information. The findings reflect the women's experience of the four competencies: to access, understand, appraise, and apply, essential elements of the health information process. CONCLUSIONS: We can conclude that there is a need for tailored digital information tools, such as the Digi-Do, to enable iterative access and use of reliable health information before, during and after the radiation therapy process. The Digi-Do can be seen as a valuable complement to the interpersonal communication with health care professionals, facilitating a better understanding, and enabling iterative access and use of reliable health information before, during and after the radiotherapy treatment. This enhances a sense of preparedness before treatment starts.
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| 8. |
- Håkansson, I., et al.
(författare)
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Retrospective comparison between MRI examinations during radiographer-administered intranasal sedation or general anesthesia
- 2024
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Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 30:1, s. 296-300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: In order for young children to be able to undergo a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) examination, general anesthesia is often required. The aim of this study was to compare the image quality, times, and costs of the examinations of infant brains performed with MRI either during sedation with dexmedetomidine administered by radiographers or anesthesia with propofol administered by anesthesia staff. Methods: This study was a quantitative retrospective study of 27 consecutive standard brain examinations performed under sedation or anesthesia, involving 15 children under sedation and 12 under anesthesia. The age of the children was from 0.5 to five years old. The image quality was evaluated by three radiologists experienced in pediatric MRI examinations. Information such as examination time and the expense of the examination was also collected. Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the general image quality, but one image series was assessed to have significantly better image quality under sedation than under anesthesia, but all images had very high quality. However, it emerged that children under anesthesia were at the hospital on average 55 min longer and the scanner room was occupied 20 min longer on average. The anesthesia examinations were three times more expensive. Conclusion: This study demonstrated equivalent image quality between sedation and anesthesia. In addition, sedation was less time-consuming and had a lower price, partly because no extra anesthetic staff were required. The use of intranasal sedation offers a possibility to expand the competence area for radiographers. Implications for practice: If radiographers learn to perform intranasal sedation, examinations can be performed in less time, at a third of the staff costs while maintaining image quality.
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| 9. |
- Sterlingova, Tatiana, et al.
(författare)
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Why do women refrain from mammography screening?
- 2018
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Ingår i: Radiography. - : Elsevier BV. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 24:1, s. E19-E24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Breast cancer is the leading cause of death for middle-aged women in Sweden. Approximately 600,000 women are surveyed annually within the national screening program. However, 20% of Swedish women do not participate in mammography screening. Participation in mammography screening is a complex phenomenon that has many dimensions. The aim of this study was to explore the reasons why women refrain from mammography screening from the perspective of non-attending women. Method: A qualitative approach was chosen, and 10 women were interviewed. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Results: Two categories were identified: individual needs and absence of active promotion. "Non-personalized system" was the main theme that emerged from the analysis. Conclusion: The mammography screening does not adapt to the needs of each individual. This may be the reason why some women refrain from mammography screening.
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| 10. |
- Bazzi, May, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Factors affecting radiographers' use of dose-reduction measures
- 2024
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Ingår i: JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION. - : Institute of Physics (IOP). - 0952-4746 .- 1361-6498. ; 44:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigates radiographers' views on implementing dose-reduction measures, with a focus on verifying patient identity and pregnancy status, practising gonad shielding in men and using compression. An electronic questionnaire was distributed to radiographers working in general radiography and/or computed tomography. The questionnaire was based on factors from a framework for analysing risk and safety in clinical medicine. Ordered logistic regressions were used to analyse associations among factors and use of dose-reduction measures. In total, 466 questionnaires were distributed and 170 radiographers (36%) completed them. Clear instructions and routines, support from colleagues, knowledge and experience, a strong safety culture, managerial support and access to proper equipment influence the likelihood of using dose-reduction measures. The strongest associations were found between support from colleagues and verifying pregnancy status (OR = 5.65, P = 0.026), safety culture and use of gonad shielding (OR = 2.36, P = 0.042), and having enough time and use of compression (OR = 2.11, P = 0.003). A strong safety culture and a supportive work environment appears to be essential for the use of dose-reduction measures, and education, training and stress management can improve utilisation of dose-reduction measures.
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