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- Rosén, Anders, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Protein tau concentration in blood increases after SCUBA diving: an observational study
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 122, s. 993-1005
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose It is speculated that diving might be harmful to the nervous system. The aim of this study was to determine if established markers of neuronal injury were increased in the blood after diving. Methods Thirty-two divers performed two identical dives, 48 h apart, in a water-filled hyperbaric chamber pressurized to an equivalent of 42 m of sea water for 10 min. After one of the two dives, normobaric oxygen was breathed for 30 min, with air breathed after the other. Blood samples were obtained before and at 30-45 and 120 min after diving. Concentrations of glial fibrillary acidic, neurofilament light, and tau proteins were measured using single molecule array technology. Doppler ultrasound was used to detect venous gas emboli. Results Tau was significantly increased at 30-45 min after the second dive (p < 0.0098) and at 120 min after both dives (p < 0.0008/p < 0.0041). Comparison of matching samples showed that oxygen breathing after diving did not influence tau results. There was no correlation between tau concentrations and the presence of venous gas emboli. Glial fibrillary acidic protein was decreased 30-45 min after the first dive but at no other point. Neurofilament light concentrations did not change. Conclusions Tau seems to be a promising marker of dive-related neuronal stress, which is independent of the presence of venous gas emboli. Future studies could validate these results and determine if there is a quantitative relationship between dive exposure and change in tau blood concentration.
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- Bense, László, et al.
(författare)
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Pulmonary gas conducting interstitial pathway.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Acta Radiologica Open. - : SAGE Publications. - 2058-4601. ; 4:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In spite of the growing efforts oriented towards revealing different aspects of emphysema, the persistence of the emphysematous or emphysema-like changes (ELCs) is not explored yet in the open literature. In this study we demonstrate the persistence of an ELC for 22 years in a spontaneous pneumothorax (SP) patient which indicates a hitherto unknown gas supply to the ELC. For this purpose we used high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) images processed into three-dimensional (3D) geometry. By the same token, not only a long persistence but also the volume increase of this ELC between 2002 and 2010 was demonstrated. The 3D geometry visualized an aerated interstitial structure between the sites of supposed gas leakage at the wall of the third generation airways and the ELC. This potential gas conducting interstitial pathway is not a continuation and has neither the form nor the structure of a bronchus. The finding suggests that in this patient the intrabronchial gas passes through the bronchial wall and via a gas conducting interstitial pathway reaches the ELC. Despite the availability of the presently employed techniques for at least 15 years, such case and phenomenon have not been described previously. The retrieval of the patient suggests that the findings could be relevant for a considerable proportion of the population.
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| 5. |
- Berglund, B, et al.
(författare)
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Erythropoietin concentrations during 10 days of normobaric hypoxia under controlled environmental circumstances.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Acta Physiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6772 .- 1365-201X. ; 174, s. 225-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Serum erythropoietin levels (s-[epo]), haemoglobin concentration ([Hb]), haematocrit (hct), and ferritin concentration ([fer]) were measured in seven healthy male volunteers (20-23 years) exposed continuously to hypoxia (PO(2) 14 kPa) for 10 days. Serum erythropoietin concentration increased significantly from 9.5 +/- 3.51 to 33.6 +/- 11.64 U L(-1) (P < 0.05) after 2 days of hypoxia. Thereafter, s-[epo] decreased. However, after 10 days s-[epo] was 18.7 +/- 5.83 U L(-1) which was still increased above the pre-hypoxia level (P < 0.05). Serum haemoglobin concentration and hct increased over the 10 days of hypoxia, [Hb] from 152 +/- 8.9 to 168 +/- 9.2 gL(-1) (P < 0.001), and hct from 43 +/- 2.4 to 49 +/- 2.6% (P < 0.001). Ferritin concentration decreased significantly during the hypoxic exposure from 82 +/- 46.9 to 44 +/- 31.7 mmol L(-1) after 10 days (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the initial increase of s-[epo] under controlled normobaric hypoxia was marked, 353%, and levelled off after 5-10 days at 62-97% above normoxia level. There was also a significant increase in [Hb] and hct and a decrease in [fer] after 10 days of exposure to normobaric hypoxia.
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| 10. |
- Blogg, L, et al.
(författare)
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Predisponerar helium i dykgasen för arteriella bubblor?
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund: Bubblor i den arteriella cirkulationen observerades första gången vid 10 av 12 exkursioner från heliox- (O2/He) och trimix- (O2/He/N2) mättnad (1). På senare tid har Ljukovic et al (2) redovisat resultat av trimixdykningar där 5 av 7 dykare uppvisade arteriella bubblor. Visserligen har arteriella bubblor observerats även i samband med nitrox- och luftdykningar men inte i så hög frekvens. Gör heliumgasen att bubblor lättare tar sig igenom lungfiltret?Metoder: Dykare undersöktes med kardiellt ekokardiografi efter 251 trimixdykningar och 37 nitroxdykningar med varierande dykprofiler. Dykdjupen varierade mellan 20 – 100 m för trimixdykningarna och 33 – 60 m för nitroxdykningarna. Totalt 43 dykare deltog i trimix- och 19 dykare i nitroxdykningarna. Dykarna undersöktes varje kvart i 2 timmar efter dykningarna. Förekomst av venösa och arteriella bubblor registrerades och skattades enligt Brubakk-Eftedal-skalan (EB). Resultat: Totalt observerades arteriella bubblor hos 3/43 dykare efter trimixdykning och hos 3/19 dykare efter nitroxdykning. En av dykarna med arteriella bubblor i nitroxgruppen behandlades för ledbends. Två av dykarna hade arteriella bubblor både efter trimix- och nitroxdykningar. I samtliga fall med artärbubblor observerades också venösa bubblor (EB 2 – 4c). Slutsats: Jämfört med tidigare rapporterad incidens av artärbubblor i samband med trimixdykningar är de redovisade resultaten låga. Resultaten för nitroxdykningarna är också låga givet att ca 25% av normalpopulationen har öppetstående foramen ovale. Någon ökad incidens artärbubblor observerades inte med den heliuminnehållande gasen, utan det mest troliga är att förekomsten av artärbubblor beror på mängden venösa bubblor och individuell predisponering att ”läcka” bubblor från den venösa till den arteriella cirkulationen.
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