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Andersson, Sören, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
CHIMERIC MOMP ANTIGEN
2015
Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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Gustafsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
Infectious disease, reproductive effort and the cost of reproduction in birds
1994
Ingår i: Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London: Series B. ; :346, s. 1655-1658
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.) abstract
Reproductive effort can have profound effects on subsequent performance. Field experiments on the collared flycatcher (Ficedula albicollis) have demonstrated a number of trade-offs between life-history traits at different ages. The mechanism by which reproductive effort is mediated into future reproductive performance remains obscure. Anti-parasite adaptations such as cell-mediated immunity may probably also be costly. Hence the possibility exists of a trade-off between reproductive effort and the ability to resist parasitic infection. Serological tests on unmanipulated collared flycatchers show that pre-breeding nutritional status correlates positively with reproductive success and negatively with susceptibility to parasitism (viruses, bacteria and protozoan parasites). Both immune response and several indicators of infectious disease correlate negatively with reproductive success. Similar relations are found between secondary sexual characters and infection parameters. For brood-size-manipulated birds there was a significant interaction between experimentally increased reproductive effort and parasitic infection rate with regard to both current and future fecundity. It seems possible that the interaction between parasitic infection, nutrition and reproductive effort can be an important mechanism in the ultimate shaping of life-history variation in avian populations.
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Koskiniemi, Sanna, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
Variation in spontaneous deletion rates at different locations of the Salmonella typhimurium chromosome
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.) abstract
How and at what rates spontaneous deletions form is still a partly unresolved question. Here we have constructed a genetic tool that can be used to determine spontaneous chromosomal deletion rates at any chromosomal location. We measured deletion rates at 12 chromosomal locations and identified the deletable region as the largest deletion found at each location. Our data shows that spontaneous deletion rates can at least vary 100-fold between the different chromosomal locations when normalized to the size of the deletable region. The isolated deletions ranged in size from 1-200 kbp and the highest deletion rates were found around 2 Mbp of the S. typhiumurium chromosome, suggesting a potential hotspot for deletion formation. No long repeat sequences were found in this region that could explain the high deletion rate. Furthermore, no obvious correlation between fitness (measured as exponential growth rate) and deletion size could be seen. Surprisingly, since deletions are commonly considered deleterious certain deletions (ranging from 18- to 38 kbp in size) increased the growth rate of the cells with ~5% in both rich and poor growth media. These results suggest that the bacterial chromosome is heterogeneous with respect to the rate of deletion formation and that some deletions could become fixed as a consequence of natural selection rather than by drift and/or mutational biases.
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