| 1. |
- Bärebring, Linnea, et al.
(författare)
-
Sociodemographic factors associated with dietary supplement use in early pregnancy in a Swedish cohort.
- 2018
-
Ingår i: The British journal of nutrition. - 1475-2662. ; Jan;119:1, s. 90-95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sociodemographic factors have been associated with dietary supplement use among pregnant women but few data exist in a Swedish population. This study aimed to identify factors associated with overall supplement use as well as use of folic acid, vitamin D and n-3 in early pregnancy. Women in the first trimester of pregnancy were included at registration to the antenatal care in 2013-2014 (n 2109). Information regarding supplement use as well as sociodemographic and anthropometric data were obtained from questionnaires and medical records. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the relationship between sociodemographic variables and supplement use. A total of 78 % of the participants reported using at least one dietary supplement in the first trimester. Folic acid supplement use was reported by 74 %, vitamin D supplement use by 43 % and n-3 supplement use by <5 %. Use of any type of supplement in early pregnancy was related to gestational age, parity, birthplace, education and employment. Folic acid supplement use was related to gestational age, parity, birthplace, income, education and employment. Vitamin D supplement use was related to gestational age, birthplace and education. In conclusion, in the first trimester of pregnancy, folic acid supplements were used by three in four women, while vitamin D supplements were used by less than half of the women. The results of this study show a socioeconomic disparity between supplement users and non-users which may have a negative impact on the health of future generations.
|
|
| 2. |
- Davide, Giacalone, et al.
(författare)
-
Health and quality of life in an aging population - Food and beyond
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Food Quality and Preference. - : Elsevier BV. - 0950-3293 .- 1873-6343. ; 47, s. 166-170
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Europe the percentage of citizens aged 65 and over is increasing at an unprecedented rate, and is expected to account for over 30% of the population by 2050. Coupled with an increase in life expectancy, this massive demographic change calls for a major effort to ensure quality of life in our older population. A thorough understanding of the elderly as food consumers, their nutritional needs, their food perception and preferences is increasingly needed.The role of food in healthy aging was a prominent theme at the 6th European Conference on Sensory and Consumer Research, which had quality of life across the life span as a focal point. This short paper is based on a workshop held at the EuroSense meeting, focusing on research from sensory and consumer scientists. The workshop featured contributions focusing on food-related perception, needs and behavior of the elderly, and aimed at demonstrating the relevance of sensory and consumer scientists in promoting food-related well-being in an aging population. The workshop contributions are here reviewed and summarized three main themes: nutritional needs, food perception and aging, and behavioral drivers of food consumption.
|
|
| 3. |
- Hoppe, Michael, 1969, et al.
(författare)
-
Is cord blood hepcidin influenced by the low-grade acute-phase response occurring during delivery? : A small-scale longitudinal study
- 2019
-
Ingår i: The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1476-7058 .- 1476-4954. ; 32:13, s. 2166-2172
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To measure serum hepcidin in late pregnancy and in cord blood, and to analyze relationship between hepcidin, interleukin-6 and biomarkers of fetal iron status.MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 15 uncomplicated singleton pregnancies were analyzed longitudinally in trimester 3 (T3) and at birth.RESULTS: In T3, S-ferritin (median 14 µg/L) and transferrin (median 4.0 g/L) indicated low iron status, whereas the median soluble transferrin receptor (sTfR) was 4.0 mg/L, ie within the reference interval. Median T3 S-hepcidin was 7.8 ng/mL. Later on in cord blood, ferritin concentration (180 µg/L) were significantly higher, transferrin concentration (1.8 g/L) were significantly lower, and both sTfR (4.7 mg/L) and S-hepcidin concentrations (30.5 ng/mL) were significantly higher than maternal T3 concentrations. At the same time, cord blood interleukin-6 indicated an activated acute-phase reaction. In T3, after logarithmic transformation, there was a significant correlation between S-hepcidin and both S-ferritin (r = 0.691) and sTfR (r = -0.825). There was also a significant correlation between S-ferritin and both sTfR (r = -0.729) and transferrin (r = 0.549) in T3.CONCLUSIONS: Although S-ferritin, S-hepcidin, and sTfR were correlated during pregnancy, these relationships were not apparent in umbilical cord blood. Further, cord blood interleukin-6 indicated an activated acute-phase response, and sTfR, which is known to be unaffected by inflammation, indicated a low iron status in cord blood. Thus, instead of representing an enhanced iron status, the data appear to suggest that hepcidin and ferritin in cord blood may be influenced by the low-grade acute-phase response that occurs during delivery.
|
|
| 4. |
- Korotkova, Marina, 1954, et al.
(författare)
-
Maternal dietary intake of essential fatty acids affects adipose tissue growth and leptin mRNA expression in suckling rat pups
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 52:1, s. 78-84
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously shown that maternal intake of essential fatty acids during late gestation and lactation affects the level of serum leptin in pups. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of dietary essential fatty acids on leptin content in the milk of rat dams and leptin expression in white adipose tissue of pups during the suckling period. During late gestation and throughout lactation, rats were fed a control or an essential fatty acid-deficient (EFAD) diet. Milk of the EFAD dams contained more saturated and less polyunsaturated fatty acids compared with the control dams. Milk leptin levels were higher in the EFAD dams than in the control dams at 3 wk of lactation. The weight of inguinal white adipose tissue depots and the serum leptin levels of the EFAD pups were significantly lower than in the control pups during the whole suckling period. In addition, semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis of leptin mRNA levels in inguinal white adipose tissue showed a reduction in the EFAD pups compared with the control pups at 3 wk of age. We conclude that maternal dietary essential fatty acid intake affects serum leptin levels in pups by regulating both the amount of adipose tissue and the leptin mRNA expression.
|
|
| 5. |
- Kumar, Manish, 1982, et al.
(författare)
-
Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with malnutrition and reduced plasma amino acid levels: Lessons from genome-scale metabolic modeling
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Metabolic Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-7176 .- 1096-7184. ; 49, s. 128-142
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Malnutrition is a severe non-communicable disease, which is prevalent in children from low-income countries. Recently, a number of metagenomics studies have illustrated associations between the altered gut microbiota and child malnutrition. However, these studies did not examine metabolic functions and interactions between individual species in the gut microbiota during health and malnutrition. Here, we applied genome-scale metabolic modeling to model the gut microbial species, which were selected from healthy and malnourished children from three countries. Our analysis showed reduced metabolite production capabilities in children from two lowincome countries compared with a high-income country. Additionally, the models were also used to predict the community-level metabolic potentials of gut microbes and the patterns of pairwise interactions among species. Hereby we found that due to bacterial interactions there may be reduced production of certain amino acids in malnourished children compared with healthy children from the same communities. To gain insight into alterations in the metabolism of malnourished (stunted) children, we also performed targeted plasma metabolic profiling in the first 2 years of life of 25 healthy and 25 stunted children. Plasma metabolic profiling further revealed that stunted children had reduced plasma levels of essential amino acids compared to healthy controls. Our analyses provide a framework for future efforts towards further characterization of gut microbial metabolic capabilities and their contribution to malnutrition.
|
|
| 6. |
- Marklund, Matti, et al.
(författare)
-
Alkylresorcinol metabolites in urine correlate with the intake of whole grains and cereal fibre in free-living Swedish adults
- 2013
-
Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - Cambridge Journals. - 0007-1145 .- 1475-2662. ; 109:1, s. 129-136
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Alkylresorcinols (AR) have been established as short/medium-term biomarkers for whole grain (WG) wheat and rye intake; and AR metabolites, 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 3-(3,5-dihydroxyphenyl)-propanoic acid, have been suggested as complementary biomarkers to AR. The present study examined the medium-term reproducibility and relative validity of urinary AR metabolites as biomarkers for WG and cereal fibre intake. A total of sixty-six free-living Swedes completed 3 d weighed food records and provided single 24 h urine collections and morning urine spot samples on two occasions, 2–3 months apart. The medium-term reproducibility of urinary AR metabolites was moderate when assessed in 24 h collections and lower in creatinine (CR)-adjusted morning urine. Mean AR metabolite 24 h excretions correlated well with total WG (rs 0·31–0·52, P < 0·05) and cereal fibre (rs 0·46–0·58, P < 0·001) intake on both occasions. As expected, correlations with WG (rs 0·28–0·38, P < 0·05) and cereal fibre (rs 0·35–0·42, P < 0·01) were weaker for mean CR-adjusted AR metabolite concentrations in spot samples of morning urine, although the adjusted concentrations correlated well with 24 h urinary excretion (rs 0·69–0·73, P < 0·001). Adjustment for intra-individual variations substantially improved the correlations between intake and excretion. These findings suggest that urinary AR metabolites can successfully reflect the medium-term intake of WG and cereal fibre when adjusted for intra-individual variation in this population, where rye was the major contributor to high WG intake. The performance of urinary AR metabolites as medium-term biomarkers appears to be comparable to that of fasting plasma AR concentration in this population.
|
|
| 7. |
- Norman, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
"Everyone can take photos." Feasibility and relative validity of phone photography-based assessment of children's diets - a mixed methods study.
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2891. ; 19:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Dietary assessment methods that are user-friendly, simple, yet valid are of interest to both researchers and participants, particularly for use in disadvantaged settings, where language barriers and low levels of education are often present. We tested if parents taking photos of what children ate, using mobile phones, would be a feasible, acceptable method that could still provide information with adequate relative validity.METHODS: We used a mixed-methods design, with parents of 21 5- to 7-year-olds from disadvantaged areas in Sweden. Parents reported all dietary intake, during non-school hours, on three days (two weekdays) using a photo method (PM). The PM consisted of simple instructions and a fiduciary card, but no training, equipment or software. Text messages could be sent if necessary. As a reference method, parents completed three 24-h recalls (24HRs) with an interviewer each following day. The next week, parents completed a 9-item semi-FFQ regarding the preceding week. The outcomes were intakes (in dl) of 9 food groups, categorised as fruits and vegetables, energy-dense sweet/salty foods, and sweet drinks. Agreement with the reference 24HRs was assessed using correlations, median differences and Bland-Altman plots. Parents completed an open-ended questionnaire on barriers and facilitators. Data collectors provided complementary information. Qualitative data was analysed using qualitative manifest analysis.RESULTS: Nineteen parents (90%) provided complete data. The majority (n = 13) spoke Swedish as a second language, few (n = 4) were proficient. Compared to 24HRs, intakes measured by PM correlated well for all categories (Spearman's rho = 0.609-0.845). However, intakes were underreported, significantly so for fruits and vegetables; Bland-Altman plots indicated that the underestimation was fairly constant across intake levels. When the FFQ was compared to the 24HRs, parameters of agreement were generally inferior than for the PM. Parents found the PM a positive experience, primarily facilitated by its simplicity and familiarity. Barriers, mainly related to time and logistics, can inform further methodological refinements.CONCLUSIONS: The PM was an acceptable and feasible way to measure children's diet outside of school hours in this population of parents from disadvantaged areas. While the absolute validity should be evaluated further, this relatively simple method has potential for assessing intakes of well-defined foods at group level.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Tham, Wilhelm, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
-
More than one variant of Listeria monocytogenes isolated from each of two human cases of invasive listeriosis
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Epidemiology and Infection. - 0950-2688 .- 1469-4409. ; 135:5, s. 854-856
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two variants of Listeria monocytogenes were isolated from blood cultures from each of two patients with listeriosis. Each variant displayed a two-band difference in DNA profile from the other by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Although this difference in profile is insufficient to distinguish clearly between the variants, the possibility of co-infection with different strains of L. monocytogenes needs to be considered. We suggest that more than one colony should be selected for molecular typing to aid interpretation during investigation of the sources and routes of Listeria infection.
|
|
| 10. |
- Ahlgren, Jennie, et al.
(författare)
-
Ethical considerations in relation to personalised nutrition : An overview of Work Package 5, with respect to ethics
- 2015
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The objectives of Food4Me work package 5 included a baseline assessment of the ethical and legal aspects of personalised nutrition at the start of the project in 2011, as well as a final assessment at the end of the project (2015), taking into account results achieved in other work packages. The initial assessment made a number of ethical issues visible, most of them relating to the consumer of personalised nutrition service. The results depicted in this publication indicate that many of the questions raised in relation to these issues remain unsolved, and in some cases they seem to be neglected in relation to the services offered by internet companies.
|
|
