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Sökning: hsv:(NATURVETENSKAP) hsv:(Annan naturvetenskap) > Scantlebury Kathryn 1958

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1.
  • Anderssson, Kristina, 1961-, et al. (författare)
  • Chafing borderlands : Obstacles for Science Teaching and Learning in Teacher Education
  • 2014
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A major Western concern is that young people avoid science and technology programs. At various times, and in different countries, governments, funding agencies and businesses have made large investments in recruitment campaigns with the objective to increase students’ interest and attract new groups of students to these disciplines. In particular, girls and women have been the target group for many of these campaigns. The assumption is that if young people understood how exciting and interesting science is, they would choose these subjects. In other words, the problem is that young people "don’t understand what is best for their own good".  In addition, research has shown that primary and pre-school student teachers often feel alienated by science education (Appleton & Kindt 2002) and that it may be difficult for these students to reconcile the role of teacher of young children with the role of science teacher in their identity formation (Danielsson & Warwick 2012). However, feminist science educators suggest that students’ lack of interest is caused by character and image of the disciplines (Brickhouse 2001; Scantlebury 2012). Feminist philosophers’ of science have challenged the view of natural sciences as objective, and argue that knowledge production is human activities that are socially and culturally situated (Haraway 1988; Harding 1986). A noted problem with science is its elitist image. Science is portrayed as difficult and demanding, and as requiring a special talent from those who study or engage with the discipline. A feminist pedagogical stance is to visualize and discuss cultural, social, and historical dimensions of science. This has also proved advantageous for the acquiring of science content knowledge (Sible et al 2006). Therefore, we argue, that one important aspect of science teacher education is to problematize science (education), e.g. by including feminist critiques of science (Capobianco 2007; Mayberry 1998).In this paper we explore the impact of a feminist teaching intervention within teacher education, focusing on the research question: What occurs when students are situated in the encounter between feminist critique of natural sciences and teacher education? What kind of obstacles can be identified and how will these effect pre-service teachers’ pedagogy of science? The intervention, data collection and analysisIn an ongoing research and intervention project we are studying how an increased awareness of gender issues in science and in science teaching among student teachers influences their identities as teachers, and their teaching of science. We have followed a cohort of approximately 120 pre-service teachers (early years to lower secondary) from two universities in Sweden, through their first year of science courses. As an integral part of these science courses our intervention has introduced critical perspectives on gender and science as related to the culture of science and a feminist critique of the sciences. The project as a whole is framed theoretically by Hirdman's (1990) and Harding's (1986) theories of gender order in society, where gender is constituted on different levels: the structural, the symbolic and the individual (Harding 1986; Hirdman 1990; Rubin 1975). Hirdman (1990) describes this pattern from two perspectives: first, the separation of the two sexes and second, the superior status of the male standard. The formation of gender consolidates differences between the sexes and the female gender is always subordinate the male one, independent of status, class, time, and space.
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  • Gullberg, Annica, 1962-, et al. (författare)
  • Can the Ambition with Individualize Pedagogy Limit the Children in Pre-school?
  • 2014
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • At two Swedish universities critical perspectives on gender and science were integrated as part of preschool teacher science courses. In one assignment 45 preservice teachers described and reflected upon episodes in their pre-school placements where they judged gender to be of importance and impacted the children’s science and technology learning. Two main themes regarding the view of children were identified: (1) children have a stable core identity and should be supported to ‘be who they are’, or (2) children are a “jack-of-all-trades” with potential interests in a variety of subject matter topics and that these interests could be supported by teachers.  We will discuss how the different themes may affect preservice teachers’ strategies to challenge children’s stereotypical gender patterns.
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  • Hussenius, Anita, 1956-, et al. (författare)
  • "Här håller vi inte på med genus, här håller vi på med naturvetenskap"
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Vetenskapsrådet Resultatdialog 2014. - : Vetenskapsrådet. - 1651-7350. ; , s. 98-108
  • Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
    • Lärarstudenter har följts under ett år av naturvetenskapliga kurser, där vi problematiserat den naturvetenskapliga kulturen och integrerat genusmoment. En utgångspunkt har varit att ökad genusmedvetenhet, tillsammans med kunskaper om ämneskulturen, kan ge nya sätt att förhålla sig till och arbeta med naturvetenskap. Resultaten visar att när studenter med negativa erfarenheter av naturvetenskaplig undervisning förstår hur ämneskulturen påverkat dem, så ger det dem en annan relation till ämnena. Även platsen har betydelse för att förstå känslor av alienation. Det visar sig också att genus har betydelse för vilka områden barn får tillgång till. Lärares (o)medvetna föreställningar kan innebära att de tolkar och styr barnens aktiviteter, vilket får till följd att barnen kan uppmuntras eller hämmas. Lärarens genusmedvetenhet får då ämnesdidaktiska konsekvenser. Från det empiriska materialet har vi konstruerat en modell som illustrerar lärarens utveckling av en genusmedveten undervisning.
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  • Hussenius, Anita, 1956-, et al. (författare)
  • Interstitial spaces - a model for challenge and change.
  • 2014
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This paper introduces the concept of interstitial spaces to examine the boundaries of science, science education, pedagogy, caring, and gender to discuss the different cultures teacher students meet during their education. Interstitial spaces exist between and within boundaries. These spaces are possible sites within a defined context (a discipline, a practice, a culture) that may be occupied by an actor/agent working as a “carrier” of different cultural practices, knowledge and theories. A “carrier” can use the interstitial space to influence and challenge a “new” context and thus loosen up boundaries, but can also by experiencing new cultures and developing new knowledge integrate these new views into future practices. Thus, interstitial spaces establish a context for a carrier to act in ways to transform and change the cultures of disciplines. On an individual level, instead of feelings of alienation, of not fitting into a culture, the model offers a carrier the position as someone who has the potential and possibility to invoke a change, and this can be empowering.
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  • Hussenius, Anita, 1956-, et al. (författare)
  • Transgressing disciplinary borders: position-status-power as feminists within science/scientists within gender studies
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: ECER 2016: Leading Education: The Distinct Contributions of Educational Research and Researchers.
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Coming from natural science disciplines into a research environment where transgressive encounters between cultural, social and biological understandings of sex and gender are characteristic, we examine how one can use transgressive identities to offer a feminist critique of traditional organizational and knowledge boundaries. We examine the different experiences that have caressed, chafed, pained, influenced and thus contributed to our shaping of our identities. Our focus is the challenges and advantages of engaging with, and participating in, the cultures of different disciplines. Feminism promotes an awareness of, and a need to challenge, social power structures. Feminists have provided critical stances of scientific knowledge, the production of that knowledge and where the knowledge resides. While science is an obvious ‘target’ of a feminist critique, as researchers who operate in interstitial settings between feminism and science, science and education, our positions provide us the opportunity to examine the role of status and power in elevating one subject over another and to discuss how feminism, science and science education may intersect to produce new knowledge, practices and structures. In this presentation we use the concepts of interstitial spaces and transgressive identities to examine the boundaries of gender and feminist studies, science, and education and discuss our research practices and positions. In doing so, our point of departure is our own experiences. Interstitial spaces exist between and within boundaries. These spaces are possible sites within a defined context (a discipline, a practice, a culture) that may be occupied by an actor/agent working as a “carrier” of different cultural practices, knowledge and theories. A “carrier” can use the interstitial space to influence and challenge a “new” context and thus loosen up boundaries, but can also by experiencing new cultures and developing new knowledge return to the “old” culture to integrate these new practices. Thus, interstitial spaces establish a context for transgressive identities to emerge so one can act in ways to transform and change the cultures of disciplines. Hussénius, A., Scantlebury, K., Andersson, K., and Gullberg, A. (2015). Interstitial spaces: A model for transgressive processes. In J. Bull & M. Fahlgren (Eds.) Illdisciplined Gender - Engaging Questions of Nature/Culture and Transgressive Encounters. (pp. 11-30). Crossroads of Knowledge. Rotterdam: Springer Publishing.
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  • Scantlebury, Kathryn, 1958-, et al. (författare)
  • Can material feminism make gender matter in 21st science education research?
  • 2014
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Research in gender and education has evolved from a focus on issues of equity and access, to difference and intersectionality, and more recently subjectivity and identity (Dillabough, McLeod, & Mills, 2009).  While science education research has continued its focus on access, difference, and identity, gender research within the field has become fused, and possibly lost, within other social categories (Scantlebury, in press). McRobbie (2009) labeled the erosion of feminist research through the devaluing of its ideas and goals as disarticulation. She argued that rather than producing new goals and themes across social categories, disarticulation acted as a ‘dispersal strategy’, to the detriment of all social groups.  Feminism was no longer viewed as a place where different subordinate groups could learn from each other and identify common political causes feminist ideals (McRobbie, 2009). Despite calls from feminist researchers for a more nuanced examination of gender in science education, such as, how various social categories intersect and interact with one’s gender (that is, intersectionality), using queer theory to challenge hetereonormative assumptions in science and schooling, and expanding data analysis to include a broader interpretation of gender than the dichotomy of feminine and masculine (Hussenius et al, 2013). Currently, the percentage of papers with ‘gender or feminist or equity’ as a research category in peer-reviewed science education articles is less than five percent (Hussenius et al, 2013).  In areas of science education research that produced the most published articles such as changing students’ conceptions or examining teachers’ pedagogical content knowledge, researchers have rarely addressed gender issues (Andersson 2010; 2013).  But science and science education are social organizations, and as such are gendered (Acker, 1990). Gender influences who studies, participates, and engages in science. An ongoing trend is that females are overrepresented in the biological/life sciences and males are disproportionally represented in the physical sciences (Hill et. al., 2010). Previously, researchers have suggested that achievement and attitudinal differences accounted for the gendered pattern of females’ and males’ science participation. However, meta-analytic studies have shown minimal differences in achievement between females and males (Hyde & Linn, 2006). Researchers suggest that larger societal structures, rather than differences between groups, explain why academically capable and qualified women chose not to enroll in physical science and/or engineering majors or more than three times the number of boys indicated their interest in a computing, engineering or mathematics career compared to girls (Sikora & Pokropek, 2012). However, gender studies at society’s structural level rarely examine outcomes in terms of gender and other social categories and the engagement of students in science remains highly gendered.In the early 1990’s Haraway challenged feminists to engage with reality and an examination of language because science and technology and the discourse that built these areas produced a ‘matrix of domination’. Science education research rarely uses critical theories when producing knowledge and recommending changes to teacher preparation, curriculum that would interest and engage all students, or the pedagogical practices that would deconstruct a ‘matrix of domination’.  Barad (2003) argued that researchers had granted language ‘too much power” and called for feminists to re-engage with matter/material. Material feminism considers language and reality, and incorporates both into discussions of identity (Hekman, 2010). Material feminism offers a theoretical framework for science educators because it moves theorizing and analysis from the post modern and post humanities approaches to social critique that focused solely on language/discourse to incorporating matter. This theoretical paper introduces, and then discusses, how material feminism may offer a framework for science education researchers to re-examine how engaging with socio-cultural context as well as the physical contexts of learning, teaching and practicing science could make gender matter.
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