| 1. |
- Sutinen, Martti, et al.
(författare)
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Web-Based Analytical Decision Support System
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 2010 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications, ISDA'10. - : IEEE conference proceedings. - 9781424481347 - 9781424481354 ; , s. 575-579
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a web-application supporting structured decision modelling and analysis. The application allows for decision modelling with respect to different preferences and views, allowing for numerically imprecise and vague background probabilities, values, and criteria weights, which further can be adjusted in an interactive fashion when considering calculated decision outcomes. The web-application is based on a decision tool that has been used in a large number of different domains over the last 15 years, ranging from investment decision analysis for companies to public decision support for local governments.
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| 2. |
- Ahlgren, Per, et al.
(författare)
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Field normalized citation rates, field normalized journal impact and Norwegian weights for allocation of university research funds
- 2012
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Ingår i: Scientometrics. - : Springer. - 0138-9130 .- 1588-2861. ; 92:2, s. 767-780
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compared three different bibliometric evaluation approaches: two citationbased approaches and one based on manual classification of publishing channels into quality levels. Publication data for two universities was used, and we worked with two levels of analysis: article and department. For the article level, we investigated the predictive power of field normalized citation rates and field normalized journal impact with respect to journal level. The results for the article level show that evaluation of journals based on citation impact correlate rather well with manual classification of journals into quality levels. However, the prediction from field normalized citation rates to journal level was only marginally better than random guessing. At the department level, we studied three different indicators in the context of research fund allocation within universities and the extent to which the three indicators produce different distributions of research funds. It turned out that the three distributions of relative indicator values were very similar, which in turn yields that the corresponding distributions of hypothetical research funds would be very similar.
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| 3. |
- Boman, Magnus, et al.
(författare)
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Modeling epidemic spread in synthetic populations - Virtual plagues in Massively Multiplayer Online Games
- 2007
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Ingår i: 3rd Digital Games Research Association International Conference: "Situated Play", DiGRA 2007. ; , s. 357-361, s. 357-361
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A virtual plague is a process in which a behavior-affecting property spreads among characters in a Massively Multiplayer Online Game (MMOG). The MMOG individuals constitute a synthetic population, and the game can be seen as a form of interactive executable model for studying disease spread, albeit of a very special kind. To a game developer maintaining an MMOG, recognizing, monitoring, and ultimately controlling a virtual plague is important, regardless of how it was initiated. The prospect of using tools, methods and theory from the field of epidemiology to do this seems natural and appealing. We will address the feasibility of such a prospect, first by considering some basic measures used in epidemiology, then by pointing out the differences between real world epidemics and virtual plagues. We also suggest directions for MMOG developer control through epidemiological modeling. Our aim is understanding the properties of virtual plagues, rather than trying to eliminate them or mitigate their effects, as would be in the case of real infectious disease.
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| 4. |
- Cakici, Baki, 1984-
(författare)
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The Informed Gaze : On the Implications of ICT-Based Surveillance
- 2013
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Information and communication technologies are not value-neutral. I examine two domains, public health surveillance and sustainability, in five papers covering: (i) the design and development of a software package for computer-assisted outbreak detection; (ii) a workflow for using simulation models to provide policy advice and a list of challenges for its practice; (iii) an analysis of design documents from three smart home projects presenting intersecting visions of sustainability; (iv) an analysis of EU-financed projects dealing with sustainability and ICT; (v) an analysis of the consequences of design choices when creating surveillance technologies. My contributions include three empirical studies of surveillance discourses where I identify the forms of action that are privileged and the values that are embedded into them. In these discourses, the presence of ICT entails increased surveillance, privileging technological expertise, and prioritising centralised forms of knowledge.
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| 5. |
- Danielson, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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A second-order-based decision tool for evaluating decisions under conditions of severe uncertainty
- 2020
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Ingår i: Knowledge-Based Systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0950-7051 .- 1872-7409. ; 191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The requirement to assign precise numerical values to model entities such as criteria weights, probabilities, and utilities is too strong in most real-life decision situations, and hence alternative representations and evaluation mechanisms are important to consider. In this paper, we discuss the DecideIT 3.0 state-of-the-art software decision tool and demonstrate its functionality using a real-life case. The tool is based on a belief mass interpretation of the decision information, where the components are imprecise by means of intervals and qualitative estimates, and we discuss how multiplicative and additive aggregations influence the resulting distribution over the expected values.
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| 6. |
- Davidson, Alan, et al.
(författare)
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A Swedish IT forensics course – expert opinions
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Electronic Security and Digital Forensics. - 1751-911X .- 1751-9128. ; 2:3, s. 322-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is mounting pressure for institutes of higher education to fill society's need for qualified IT forensics practitioners. Despite that pressure, it is not clear how that need should be filled, for whom, and by whom. There are many published texts available on which one might base a course, though they are primarily written for English speaking countries. Given the differences in legal practices in different countries, and forensic's dependency on legal procedures, it is not clear how applicable such texts are to Swedish education in the subject. This paper summarises some of the ongoing work at the Department of Computer and Systems Sciences at Stockholm University where we seek to define what the primary elements of a Swedish IT forensics education should be. Interviews conducted with specialists in IT law and IT forensics indicate that there are discrepancies between how representatives from on the one hand the public legal system and on the other private enterprise view the need and the subject matter.
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| 7. |
- Pilipiec, Patrick, et al.
(författare)
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Surveillance of communicable diseases using social media: A systematic review
- 2023
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 18:2
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundCommunicable diseases pose a severe threat to public health and economic growth. The traditional methods that are used for public health surveillance, however, involve many drawbacks, such as being labor intensive to operate and resulting in a lag between data collection and reporting. To effectively address the limitations of these traditional methods and to mitigate the adverse effects of these diseases, a proactive and real-time public health surveillance system is needed. Previous studies have indicated the usefulness of performing text mining on social media.ObjectiveTo conduct a systematic review of the literature that used textual content published to social media for the purpose of the surveillance and prediction of communicable diseases.MethodologyBroad search queries were formulated and performed in four databases. Both journal articles and conference materials were included. The quality of the studies, operationalized as reliability and validity, was assessed. This qualitative systematic review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.ResultsTwenty-three publications were included in this systematic review. All studies reported positive results for using textual social media content to surveille communicable diseases. Most studies used Twitter as a source for these data. Influenza was studied most frequently, while other communicable diseases received far less attention. Journal articles had a higher quality (reliability and validity) than conference papers. However, studies often failed to provide important information about procedures and implementation.ConclusionText mining of health-related content published on social media can serve as a novel and powerful tool for the automated, real-time, and remote monitoring of public health and for the surveillance and prediction of communicable diseases in particular. This tool can address limitations related to traditional surveillance methods, and it has the potential to supplement traditional methods for public health surveillance.
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| 8. |
- Pouya, Iman, et al.
(författare)
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Copernicus, a hybrid dataflow and peer-to-peer scientific computing platform for efficient large-scale ensemble sampling
- 2017
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Ingår i: Future Generation Computer Systems. - : Elsevier. - 0167-739X .- 1872-7115. ; 71, s. 18-31
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compute-intensive applications have gradually changed focus from massively parallel supercomputers to capacity as a resource obtained on-demand. This is particularly true for the large-scale adoption of cloud computing and MapReduce in industry, while it has been difficult for traditional high-performance computing (HPC) usage in scientific and engineering computing to exploit this type of resources. However, with the strong trend of increasing parallelism rather than faster processors, a growing number of applications target parallelism already on the algorithm level with loosely coupled approaches based on sampling and ensembles. While these cannot trivially be formulated as MapReduce, they are highly amenable to throughput computing. There are many general and powerful frameworks, but in particular for sampling-based algorithms in scientific computing there are some clear advantages from having a platform and scheduler that are highly aware of the underlying physical problem. Here, we present how these challenges are addressed with combinations of dataflow programming, peer-to-peer techniques and peer-to-peer networks in the Copernicus platform. This allows automation of sampling-focused workflows, task generation, dependency tracking, and not least distributing these to a diverse set of compute resources ranging from supercomputers to clouds and distributed computing (across firewalls and fragile networks). Workflows are defined from modules using existing programs, which makes them reusable without programming requirements. The system achieves resiliency by handling node failures transparently with minimal loss of computing time due to checkpointing, and a single server can manage hundreds of thousands of cores e.g. for computational chemistry applications.
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| 9. |
- Shahzad, Khurram
(författare)
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Semi-Star Schema for Operational and Analytical Requirements of SMEs
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Management and Decision Making. - 1462-4621 .- 1741-5187. ; 10:1-2, s. 33-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Decision-making is a very complex process, as it requires complete knowledge and analysis of the business happenings. Large organisations are using data warehouse for analysis of their business because of its specialised properties. But, these organisations bear high maintenance cost, if operational sources are changed. Small and medium enterprises (SMEs) cannot afford development and maintenance cost of data warehouse therefore their decision quality suffers. In order to equip these enterprises with data warehousing functionalities, key-properties of DW are analysed and decision-support (analytical) requirements of SMEs are collected. Based on the analysis, semi-star schema is proposed and evaluated for its advantages. In our study, we have found that semi-star schema can be used for fulfilling operational and analytical requirements of SME.
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| 10. |
- Valsangkar, Akash Anil, et al.
(författare)
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An Exploratory Framework for Cyclone Identification and Tracking
- 2019
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics. - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 1077-2626 .- 1941-0506. ; 25:3, s. 1460-1473
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analyzing depressions plays an important role in meteorology, especially in the study of cyclones. In particular, the study of the temporal evolution of cyclones requires a robust depression tracking framework. To cope with this demand we propose a pipeline for the exploration of cyclones and their temporal evolution. This entails a generic framework for their identification and tracking. The fact that depressions and cyclones are not well-defined objects and their shape and size characteristics change over time makes this task especially challenging. Our method combines the robustness of topological approaches and the detailed tracking information from optical flow analysis. At first cyclones are identified within each time step based on well-established topological concepts. Then candidate tracks are computed from an optical flow field. These tracks are clustered within a moving time window to distill dominant coherent cyclone movements, which are then forwarded to a final tracking step. In contrast to previous methods our method requires only a few intuitive parameters. An integration into an exploratory framework helps in the study of cyclone movement by identifying smooth, representative tracks. Multiple case studies demonstrate the effectiveness of the method in tracking cyclones, both in the northern and southern hemisphere.
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