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Sökning: hsv:(NATURVETENSKAP) hsv:(Fysik) hsv:(Annan fysik) > Teknik

  • Resultat 1-10 av 1802
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1.
  • Sepehri, Sobhan, 1986, et al. (författare)
  • Volume-amplified magnetic bioassay integrated with microfluidic sample handling and high-Tc SQUID magnetic readout
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: APL Bioengineering. - : AIP Publishing. - 2473-2877. ; 2:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A bioassay based on a high-Tc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) reading out functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (fMNPs) in a prototype microfluidic platform is presented. The target molecule recognition is based on volume amplification using padlock-probe-ligation followed by rolling circle amplification (RCA). The MNPs are functionalized with single-stranded oligonucleotides, which give a specific binding of the MNPs to the large RCA coil product, resulting in a large change in the amplitude of the imaginary part of the ac magnetic susceptibility. The RCA products from amplification of synthetic Vibrio cholera target DNA were investigated using our SQUID ac susceptibility system in microfluidic channel with an equivalent sample volume of 3 μl. From extrapolation of the linear dependence of the SQUID signal versus concentration of the RCA coils, it is found that the projected limit of detection for our system is about 1.0 e5 RCA coils (0.2e−18 mol), which is equivalent to 66 fM in the 3 μl sample volume. This ultra-high magnetic sensitivity and integration with microfluidic sample handling are critical steps towards magnetic bioassays for rapid detection of DNA and RNA targets at the point of care.
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2.
  • Hosseini Bab Anari, Elham, 1982, et al. (författare)
  • Fluorine-free salts for aqueous lithium-ion and sodium-ion battery electrolytes
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: RSC Advances. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2046-2069. ; 6:88, s. 6, 85194-85201
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • A first generation of fluorine-free lithium and sodium salts based on the concept of pseudo-delocalized anions has been synthesized with both high purity and yield using water as the solvent in the reaction medium. The salts have been fully characterized by Raman and FT-IR spectroscopies, thermogravimetry, and X-ray crystallography to reveal both basic properties in terms of thermal stability and solubility as well as the local, mainly ion–ion interaction dictated, coordination details and by ionic conductivity and electrochemical stability window measurements as aqueous electrolytes. Together a picture is created of the salts' promise as components in electrolytes – primarily aiming at application in low voltage fluorinefree aqueous lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and sodium-ion batteries (SIBs).
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3.
  • Zubritskaya, Irina, 1984, et al. (författare)
  • Dynamically Tunable Optical Cavities with Embedded Nematic Liquid Crystalline Networks
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : Wiley. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 35:13
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Tunable metal–insulator–metal (MIM) Fabry–Pérot (FP) cavities that can dynamically control light enable novel sensing, imaging and display applications. However, the realization of dynamic cavities incorporating stimuli-responsive materials poses a significant engineering challenge. Current approaches rely on refractive index modulation and suffer from low dynamic tunability, high losses, and limited spectral ranges, and require liquid and hazardous materials for operation. To overcome these challenges, a new tuning mechanism employing reversible mechanical adaptations of a polymer network is proposed, and dynamic tuning of optical resonances is demonstrated. Solid-state temperature-responsive optical coatings are developed by preparing a monodomain nematic liquid crystalline network (LCN) and are incorporated between metallic mirrors to form active optical microcavities. LCN microcavities offer large, reversible and highly linear spectral tuning of FP resonances reaching wavelength-shifts up to 40 nm via thermomechanical actuation while featuring outstanding repeatability and precision over more than 100 heating–cooling cycles. This degree of tunability allows for reversible switching between the reflective and the absorbing states of the device over the entire visible and near-infrared spectral regions, reaching large changes in reflectance with modulation efficiency ΔR = 79%.
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6.
  • Mebarki, Mohamed Aniss, 1993, et al. (författare)
  • GaN High-Electron-Mobility Transistors with Superconducting Nb Gates for Low-Noise Cryogenic Applications
  • 2023
  • Ingår i: Physica Status Solidi (A) Applications and Materials Science. - : Wiley. - 1862-6319 .- 1862-6300. ; 220:8
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The successful integration of superconducting niobium (Nb) gate electrodes into cryogenic gallium nitride (GaN)-based high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) is reported. This is achieved through a specifically developed microfabrication process. The device's DC, microwave, and noise performances at cryogenic temperatures, down to 4 K, are studied and presented. The superconductivity of the gate is tested using DC end-to-end measurements. A clear superconducting state transition at a critical temperature, Tc, of ≈9.2 K is shown. This is further verified with GaN HEMTs with two gate fingers and a gate length of 0.2 μm, through the extraction and validation of a small-signal model at T < Tc. Additionally, the superconductivity of the gate is verified for several gate widths and lengths, showing a significant reduction of the gate resistance independently of its dimensions. Finally, a comparative study of the cryogenic microwave noise performances of the GaN HEMTs with gold (Au) and Nb gates is presented. The Au-gated device presents a competitive optimum noise temperature, Tmin-opt, of ≈8 K at 5 GHz, demonstrating the potential of this technology for cryogenic low-noise applications. The Nb-gated device presents a 5 K higher Tmin-opt, which is found to be related to the suppression of the superconductivity of the Nb gate at the optimum-noise bias.
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8.
  • Lee, Kyuho, et al. (författare)
  • Benchmarking van der Waals density functionals with experimental data: potential-energy curves for H2 molecules on Cu(111), (100) and (110) surfaces
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter. - : IOP Publishing. - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 24:42
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Detailed physisorption data from experiment for the H2 molecule on low-index Cu surfaces challenge theory. Recently, density functional theory (DFT) has been developed to account for nonlocal correlation effects, including van der Waals (dispersion) forces. We show that the functional vdW-DF2 gives a potential-energy curve, potential-well energy levels and difference in lateral corrugation promisingly close to the results obtained by resonant elastic backscattering–diffraction experiments. The backscattering barrier is sensitive to the choice of exchange functional approximation. Further, the DFT-D3 and TS-vdW corrections to traditional DFT formulations are also benchmarked, and deviations are analyzed.
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10.
  • Lindgren, Mikaela, 1987, et al. (författare)
  • Toward a Comprehensive Mechanistic Understanding of Hydrogen Uptake in Zirconium Alloys by Combining Atom Probe Analysis With Electronic Structure Calculations
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: ASTM Special Technical Publication. - 0066-0558. - 9780803175297 ; STP 1543, s. 515-539
  • Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The ability of a zirconium alloy to resist corrosion relies on a compromise between two opposing strategies. Minimizing the hydrogen pickup fraction (HPUF) by invoking metallic electron conduction in the barrier oxide results in rapid parabolic oxide growth. On the other hand, slow sub-parabolic barrieroxide growth, as reflected in rate limiting electron transport, may result in a high HPUF. The objective of the present study is to offer mechanistic insights as to how low concentrations of different alloying elements become decisive for the overall corrosion behavior. Combining atomistic microanalysis with first principles modeling by means of density functional theory, the speciation and redox properties of Fe and Ni towards hydrogen evolution are firstly explored.Complementary atom probe microanalysis at the metal–oxide interface provides evidence for Fe and Ni segregation to grain boundaries in Zircaloy-2 that propagates into the ZrO2 scale. Descriptors for how alloying elements in ZrO2 control electron transport as well as catalytic electron-proton recombination ingrain boundaries to form H2 are determined by means of theory. The findings are generalized by further atomistic modeling, and are thus put in the context of early reports from autoclave experiments on HPUFs of zirconium with the alloying elements Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Nb. A shunting mechanism which combines inner and outer hydrogen evolution mechanisms is proposed. Properties of the transient zirconium sub-oxide are discussed. A plausible atomistic overall understanding emerges.
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