| 1. |
- Lundberg, Anna L.V. 1967
(författare)
-
Encountering Proportional Reasoning During a Single Algebra Lesson: A Microgenetic Analysis
- 2022
-
Ingår i: International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education. - Eastbourne, United Kingdom : Modestum Publishing Ltd. - 1306-3030. ; 17:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This case study explores how 12-13-year-old students encounter proportional reasoning while working with geometric patterning tasks using concrete materials. The focus is on the students’ use of spontaneous concepts when first dealing with such patterns in the context of collaborative work. Based on video recordings of a single lesson, a microgenetic analysis was performed to identify students’ learning trajectories, starting with students familiarizing themselves with pattern structure, followed by engagement in proportional reasoning, and ending with students perceiving a new technique to handle a situation where proportional reasoning did not suffice. While some student groups were able to move along the whole trajectory, most groups, when facing challenges, regressed to simpler techniques. The results provide new insights into students’ learning trajectories, which can be used to support students’ progress in the context of student-teacher interaction.
|
|
| 2. |
- Sorooshian, Shahryar, 1980, et al.
(författare)
-
Performance of the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory
- 2023
-
Ingår i: AIMS Mathematics. - : American Institute of Mathematical Sciences (AIMS). - 2473-6988. ; 8:3, s. 7490-7514
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple attribute decision-making (MADM) techniques constitute a practical approach for solving complex problems involving multiple and often conflicting criteria. Decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) is a popular MADM technique with both admirers and critics. This study presents a comprehensive review of DEMATEL through bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database. This article examined 3,521 papers published in journals, conferences or books between 1981 and 2023. We examined a few parameters for commenting on the performance of the technique. Among them are research outputs, the network of DEMATEL users, implementation subject areas, research zones, financing opportunities and publication hosts and their impact trends. We conclude from the findings of this study that the DEMATEL is capable of dealing with modern problem-solving in future environments. Although the growth of new MADMs is obvious, based on the gathered data, we forecast that more than 776 documents will be published in 2025 using DEMATEL for problem-solving. This expanding tendency will continue in the future. As distinct MADMs have diverse constraints, foundations, computing complexity and standpoints, which result in different performances, outmoded low-performance MADM techniques must be reported by researchers to continue this paper’s objective to minimize ambiguity among decision-makers and practitioners. To facilitate such a comparison in the future, a quantitative performance coefficient was also developed here.
|
|
| 3. |
- Eriksson, Kimmo, et al.
(författare)
-
A New Look at Individual Differences in Perceptions of Unfairness : The Theory of Maximally Unfair Allocations in Multiparty Situations
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Social Justice Research. - New York : Springer Science+Business Media B.V.. - 0885-7466 .- 1573-6725. ; 28:4, s. 401-414
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous research has demonstrated that unfairness judgments of resource allocations become more complex when there are more than two recipients. In order to explain some of this complexity, we propose a set of psychological mechanisms that may underlie four different choices of maximally unfair resource allocations (MUA): Self-Single-Loser, Self-One-Loser-of-Many, Self-Single-Winner, and Self-One-Winner-of-Many. From this psychological theory, several predictions are derived and tested in vignette studies involving a total of 708 participants recruited online using MTurk. As predicted by our theory, (1) choices of MUA where there is a single loser were much more common when the allocated resource was of negative rather than positive valence, and (2) the amount of egoistic bias individuals exhibited when judging the unfairness in receiving a small rather than a large share in a non-extreme multi-party allocation was predicted by their choices of MUA. These findings suggest that an individual’s choice of MUA reveals some generally relevant principles of how unfairness is perceived in multi-party allocations. This opens up new lines of inquiry, especially regarding research on social dilemmas and social value orientation.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
-
Kryssboxarnas tyranni - ett enkätexempel
- 2002
-
Annan publikation (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- En artikel där ett konkret exempel med missbruk av enkätteknik inordnat i politiskt maktmissbruk diskuteras. (2 sidor)
|
|
| 8. |
- Jansson, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
-
Cooperation and Shared Beliefs about Trust in the Assurance Game
- 2015
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 10:12
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Determinants of cooperation include ingroup vs. outgroup membership, and individual traits, such as prosociality and trust. We investigated whether these factors can be overridden by beliefs about people's trust. We manipulated the information players received about each other's level of general trust, "high" or "low". These levels were either measured (Experiment 1) or just arbitrarily assigned labels (Experiment 2). Players' choices whether to cooperate or defect in a stag hunt (or an assurance game)-where it is mutually beneficial to cooperate, but costly if the partner should fail to do so-were strongly predicted by what they were told about the other player's trust label, as well as by what they were told that the other player was told about their own label. Our findings demonstrate the importance for cooperation in a risky coordination game of both first- and second-order beliefs about how much people trust each other. This supports the idea that institutions can influence cooperation simply by influencing beliefs.
|
|
| 9. |
- Ögren, Magnus, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
There’s more to the multimedia effect than meets the eye : is seeing pictures believing?
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Instructional science. - : Springer Netherlands. - 0020-4277 .- 1573-1952. ; 45:2, s. 263-287
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Textbooks in applied mathematics often use graphs to explain the meaning of formulae, even though their benefit is still not fully explored. To test processes underlying this assumed multimedia effect we collected performance scores, eye movements, and think-aloud protocols from students solving problems in vector calculus with and without graphs. Results showed no overall multimedia effect, but instead an effect to confirm statements that were accompanied by graphs, irrespective of whether these statements were true or false. Eye movement and verbal data shed light on this surprising finding. Students looked proportionally less at the text and the problem statement when a graph was present. Moreover, they experienced more mental effort with the graph, as indicated by more silent pauses in thinking aloud. Hence, students actively processed the graphs. This, however, was not sufficient. Further analysis revealed that the more students looked at the statement, the better they performed. Thus, in the multimedia condition the graph drew students’ attention and cognitive capacities away from focusing on the statement. A good alternative strategy in the multimedia condition was to frequently look between graph and problem statement, and thus to integrate their information. In conclusion, graphs influence where students look and what they process, and may even mislead them into believing accompanying information. Thus, teachers and textbook designers should be very critical on when to use graphs and carefully consider how the graphs are integrated with other parts of the problem.
|
|
| 10. |
- Eriksson, Kimmo, et al.
(författare)
-
Generosity Pays : Selfish People Have Fewer Children and Earn Less Money
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0022-3514 .- 1939-1315. ; 118:3, s. 532-544
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Does selfishness pay in the long term? Previous research has indicated that being prosocial (or otherish) rather than selfish has positive consequences for psychological well-being, physical health, and relationships. Here we instead examine the consequences for individuals' incomes and number of children, as these are the currencies that matter most in theories that emphasize the power of self-interest, namely economics and evolutionary thinking. Drawing on both cross-sectional (Studies 1 and 2) and panel data (Studies 3 and 4), we find that prosocial individuals tend to have more children and higher income than selfish individuals. An additional survey (Study 5) of lay beliefs about how self-interest impacts income and fertility suggests one reason selfish people may persist in their behavior even though it leads to poorer outcomes: people generally expect selfish individuals to have higher incomes. Our findings have implications for lay decisions about the allocation of scarce resources, as well as for economic and evolutionary theories of human behavior.
|
|
